Product Description
This land of colorful cultures and stunning landscapes offers the curious visitor and student an unending stream of extraordinary things. From a fantastic archeological record to llama fetuses in the Witch s Market, from the coca story to the hemisphere s first indigenous president, the history and cultures of Bolivia is an eye-opening experience.

But behind its breathtaking scenery and welcoming culture lies a more complex country facing serious political instability and environmental threat. Bolivia in Focus helps the traveler who aspires to be well-informed to understand the wider picture and build up an overall knowledge of the country. It also gives the reader a thought-provoking introduction to the sources of tension in Bolivia, the poorest country in South America, and the people s struggle for social justice that has been missing since the arrival of colonialism five hundred years ago.

Bolivia in Focus is an authoritative and up-to-date guide to this captivating country. It explores the land and people, history, economy, politics, society, culture and religion, and includes the author s tips on must-see landmarks and historical sites and how to get the most out of a brief visit. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (3)

Simplistic
A gloss-over of Bolivia's people and many cultures. While it does briefly discuss the geographical, topographical and, to a tiny degree, the ideological differences between Western Andean and Eastern Tropical Bolivia, the great majority of the book is about Western Bolivia, including most of the photos. Example: "there is little to do north and east of Santa Cruz..." made my jaw drop. Perhaps the author has never explored the many non-Jesuit towns, numerous tourist attractions and untold numbers of ecotours and natural areas in Eastern and Northern Santa Cruz, not to mention the hundreds of attractions, tours, towns, and natural sights in Bolivia's second largest department, Beni... but not having seen them does not mean they don't exist. In his defense, it's understandable. No Bolivian government to date has made any effort to ensure this vast region is known either.

Like Bolivian governments of past and present, the author does Bolivia as a whole no justice by over-simplifying and minimizing the importance of Bolivia's fastest growing (and largest) city (Santa Cruz de la Sierra) and 2 largest departments (Santa Cruz and Beni). Santa Cruz alone provides nearly 40% of the country's gross national product and produces 64% of the country's food. Bolivia is typically described as an Andean country and it's indigenous people are also primarily described as Andean. Bolivia has 36 native cultures, each with their own language and territories. Over 30 of them are native to northern, eastern and southern Bolivia and have few similarities with the Aymara or Quechua who have been publicized for decades.

Economically Eastern Bolivia was abandoned and ignored for nearly 500 years during which all the wealth of the country was invested in developing the Andean and central cities, especially La Paz and Cochabamba. It should not surprise anyone that Eastern Bolivia has a completely different economic and political ideology and market focus: the people of Eastern Bolivia have had to develop their region of the country (and have transformed it into the economic engine of the nation) through their own nearly unassisted efforts, entrepreneurship and creativity, private and personal funding, and a great deal of foreign investment with little to no investment of public funds by the government until just the past 20-30 years. This, not race or culture, is the primary basis for the political differences between the two regions.

I expected a book called "Bolivia in Focus: A guide to Bolivia's people..." to focus on ALL of Bolivia's people. However, I give this book 2 stars for at least mentioning the two sides of Bolivia. Most don't even bother.

Highly Recommended
Robert Werner's book is wonderful."Bolivia in Focus" is written in a style that is immensely readable, yet reflects Werner's deep understanding and appreciation of the material and his enthusiasm for sharing it.

The book covers a range of topics, from Bolivia's beautiful Incan past and vast natural resources to its checkered politics and heated indigenous struggles.The topics provide the reader with a broad introduction to Bolivia, setting the stage and offering resources for further research or extended travel to the country.

The book is required reading for anyone planning a trip to Bolivia, or simply interested in an in-depth but enjoyable introduction to this resilient South American country.

A must for any who want to learn more about Bolivia
Bolivia has a long and storied history, and a unique people have emerged from it. "Bolivia in Focus: A Guide to the People, Politics, and Culture" is an introduction to Bolivia and the country as a whole. Discussing everything from Bolivia's political instability to its culture, Dr. Robert Werner gives readers a large scope look at the country and its current status in a very complete form. "Bolivia in Focus" is a must for any who want to learn more about Bolivia.
... Read more

Product Description
In the 1930s, thousands of people fleeing Nazi-dominated Europe found refuge in Latin America. But by late 1938, Bolivia was one of the few places in the entire world that was still accepting Jewish refugees; more than twenty thousand Central Europeans soon remade their lives there. Leo Spitzer examines, with exemplary subtlety and detail, the tension between memory and history that shows in their story: their European culture, their Jewish identities, their sense of displacement, and their experience of Bolivia's politics and society.
Amazon.com Review
When, in the mid-1930s, Jews began to leave Europe in flightfrom Nazi persecution, they found that they were welcome only in a fewcountries. One of them was Bolivia, which, despite the presence ofmany pro-Nazi German émigrés, readily accepted 20,000Jewish refugees. Thousands of miles away from the unfolding Holocaust,these newcomers struggled to rebuild their lives--to find work, tobegin families, to make a home among strangers. And they struggled toretain the memory of their now destroyed homelands, to preserve theircustoms and languages in the shock of displacement. LeoSpitzer, born in La Paz to Austrian Jewish refugees, offers anethnographic historical account of the world of the Bolivian Jews, anaccount made richer by his explorations of his family's past. At theheart of his study is a troubling question: should not all the Jews ofEurope, well aware of Hitler's intentions, have left their homes andcome to places like Bolivia? His consideration of why so many stayedto face death lends philosophical weight to what is already a valuablecontribution to Holocaust studies--even if Spitzer modestly closes bysuggesting that the story of the Bolivian Jews may well "shrink to aparagraph, a sentence, even to a footnote within the larger story ofNazi persecution." --Gregory McNamee ... Read more

Customer Reviews (2)

Memory is "hard to kill"
As a grand son of jews that also took Bolivia (1910) as a Refuge from the madness of Pogroms in czarist Russia, I was since long ago interested in the following waves of forced jewish inmigration in this country. A soon asI read "Hotel Bolivia....", I commented it with some Austrianfriends that live in Tarija, Bolivia to this very day and that came toBolivia in 1938 in the same conditions as Spitzer's family. They all tellme that his description of that horrible time is very accurate (especiallythe Austrian pre-emigration period). Tarija is a small Department in thesouth of Bolivia which borders with Argentina. Here too, many Jews came intheir way to Argentina, they were well treated and some stayed the rest oftheir lives, all of them respected by this community as hard-working anddecent people. Some continued their journey to the USA or Argentina. Today,only 3 Jewish families (survivors) remain from that period and I would liketo thank Leo Spitzer for a book that preserves a testimony of their livesin an objective and accurate perspective.

Enlightening insight into story of Jewish refugees in Bolivia
When many think of the land locked country of Bolivia, they think of narcotics, Nazi's and natural resources.Few think of Jews.But to Jews fleeing Europe after the Anschluss of 1938, Bolivia was the place about which to think.Bolivia offered a safe haven in a world of closed doors; at least 20,000 Jews found refuge in La Paz, Sucre, Oruro, Cochabamba during the War.

Leo Spitzer, a Professor of History at Dartmouth and specialist in cultural memory and gender studies, was born in La Paz in 1939, his parents having just fled their beloved Vienna.His book, Hotel Bolivia, succeeds in providing an enlightening look at the little known story of the Jewish refugee community in Bolivia; and also, for the most part, Spitzer accomplishes his goal to craft a meditation on the nature of individual and collective memories and the ability of people to adapt to their new environment.

Through interviews, testimonies, documents, diaries, and recollections, many rendered benign by the passing of time, Spitzer relates to us the stories of the refugees who never felt at home in Bolivia -- people who viewed themselves as refugees and not residents -- perceiving Bolivia as a transit station, a hotel by the name of Hotel Bolivia.

In 1938, Bolivia was still recovering from its devastating Chaco War with Paraguay.This Catholic country that was seventy percent Quechua and Aymara-speaking mestizos did know a little about Jews.Its liberator, President Antonio Jose de Sucre, was probably part crypto-Jewish, and Mauricio Hochschild, of German Jewish parentage, was one of Bolivia's wealthiest industrialists.Into this high altitude came over 20,000 Jewish refugees. While most gained entry in order to set up agricultural settlements, just a few hundred ever left the urban center of La Paz for the good earth of cooperative farming.

The story of Spitzer's own family's crossing from Genoa to La Paz is engrossing.Although Spitzer's grandfather Leopoldo, for whom he is named, died on the ship en route to Boli! via, the Spitzer family's shipboard photos and recollections are filled with optimism and are devoid of sorrow.Did the passage of time distort their memories?It was not until Spitzer discovered his father's captions on the obverse sides of the photos that he learned of his father's profound sadness of leaving his homeland (Heimat) and his extreme feelings of loss on losing his beloved father and having to bury him during a port call in Caracas. Spitzer sharply quotes journalist Herb Caen's observation, "Nostalgia is memory with the pain removed."

Leo, named for his grandfather who had died just a few weeks prior, became a link to the past in this new and alien land.The other refugees recreated several other links to their pasts, including the Circula Israelita, Austria Club, Juedische Jugendbund, Judische Gemeinde, and Macabi socials and sporting clubs.

Spitzer shows how the sinking of the refugee ship "Orazio" took on an amplified importance in the refugee community.Although most of the Orazio's passengers, who were en route to Bolivia, were rescued off the coast of France, the sinking came to represent the collective experience of all the Jewish refugees.

The most disconcerting passages in HOTEL BOLIVIA are those attributed to some of Bolivia's "German" Jewish leaders during the War, some of them laced with prejudice against the Ostjuden of Poland.

Today, with less than 1,500 Jews residing in Bolivia, and fewer than 100 of the original refugees, Leo Spitzer transmits an important story to us about forgotten refugees, their adaptations, their institutions, and their even leaders' attempts at communal farming. ... Read more

Product Description

A Survival Guide to Customs and Etiquette in Bolivia

... Read more

Customer Reviews (3)

Critical reader beware
I agree with both reviewers before me: while the book does give you some interesting information about Bolivian culture, it is an immensely disappointing read.

The author's love of Bolivia is contagious and should make most readers want to see that country for themselves. However, love is completely blind in this book, and it ends up sounding like a 1970's tourist brochure from a country behind the Iron Curtain.

For example: "In Bolivia, pharmacists still assume that adults are discerning enough to handle basic medical information and will dispense medicines over the counter that require prescriptions in countries with more 'developed' professions."

Really? Could it not be that pharmacists are just looking to make another sale, regardless of how much or how little their client knows about the antibiotics or antidepressants they are buying without seeing a doctor? Iassume that he spoke at length with Bolivian pharmacists before reaching such a conclusion.

I say this because I grew up in Brazil, where pharmacists were just as happy to sell anyone prescritpion drugs. Whenever my tonsils acted up, my mother would get me some penicillin (a drug called Penveoral). In my teens, when I had a sore throat I would just walk down to the drugstore and pick up the pills myself. It was like getting rid of ants with a taser gun. It's no wonder that the so-called "super bacteria", ie. drug-resistant strains, are much harder to kill in Brazil than in Japan (yes, I read a study).

If the author is going to offer up questionable interpretations for what seems like pure ignorance or neglect on the pharmacists' side, he should at least corroborate his claim by showing, for example, how small the problem of self-medication is in Bolivia.

Unfortunately, the book is full of such examples of faulty reasoning, distortions of facts and facile comparisons with other countries.

By all means read this book if you want to know that even though both 110 and 220V co-exist in Bolivia, the government is "trying" to phase out 110V. It will teach you that the word "maestro" is a title used to address bus drivers, electricians, plumbers. This is indeed interesting and useful information for travellers to Bolivia, so the book is not completely useless.

Do NOT, however, expect the book to shed any meaningful light on the cultural differences between Bolivia and the United States, where the author is from, or any Western country for that matter. As part of a series called "Culture Shock!", such shortcomings turn it into a failure.

Why would they skimp so much on the binding?
I disagree with the previous reviewer. I gained a lot of insight into Bolivia from this book. It was exactly what I was looking for: a light read on Bolivia. It's certainly not the definitive guide on the "complex ethos of Bolivia", but judging by the size (it's not a long book, folks), anyone who expects a definitive guide is kidding themselves.

The book does offer a brief overview of certain topics of interest. I don't think the author was out of line to make a joke about international awareness and cocaine. After all, that topic has received international attention, and there is, indeed, way more to Bolivia than the coca industry.

The section on etiquette explained to me why my Bolivian husband must say goodbye to each and every person individually when we leave a social gathering when I feel its sufficient to just wave and and say, "Later!"

I enjoyed the author's humor, tone, and American perspective.

BUT, why on earth would the publisher skimp so much on the binding? It literally did fall apart in my hands on the first reading. Pages came right out from the simple act of turning them.

It was a good read, but I did return the book because it fell apart, so perhaps 4 stars is overly generous. However, poor binding is not the author's fault.

Grossly Disappointing
This work is abysmal. CultureShock! normally provides readers with a solid introduction to the culture and traditions of a country (Volker Poelzl's `CultureShock: Brazil is excellent), but this guide gives you nothing but trite & sophomoric babel.

Mark Cramer's writing totally fails to do justice to the complex ethos of Bolivia.Nothing of significance is said about religion, how Catholicism blended with the religion of the Incas at the time of the Conquistadores to create a rich syncretism of religious forms that now is expressed in most all Bolivian festivals and the in daily expressions of belief.He fails to expose the rich complexity of Bolivianfolklore.You will find nothing significant about the culture, the bruised psyche of this divided nation, the pride and self-sufficiency of the country's poor, nor the exploitations of the wealthy. Cramer's writing throughout the books is superficial.

To example only a few, in the section titled `Aymara & Quechua Art', Cramer states, "Thanks to Aymara and Quechua art and music, international awareness of Bolivia is not limited to stereotypes about cocaine."Cocaine? The Aymara & Quechua have rich histories, brilliant music and unique languages, but no they are best know for blow!Give me a break. He opens the section on food sections by saying "Bolivia offers attractive diet options, from indigenous health foods to Hispanic cholesterol."Hispanic cholesterol!

Add to this insulting writing, the injury that the book's binding comes apart with one reading.Pages fall out almost as soon as you open the book.

If you are looking for a general introduction to Bolivia you would be better served by Lonely Planet: Bolivia 2007.The best cultural expose is found in William Powers' excellent and powerful account of living in Bolivia, "Whispering in the Giant's Ear".As an ethonography on the Bolivian culture Mark Cramer's CultureShock! completely fails. ... Read more

Product Description

Maria L. Lagos supplies a fine-grained ethnographic and historical analysis of the intersecting dynamics of class and culture in Tiraque, a province in the highlands of Cochabamba, Bolivia.

Product Description
You'll never feel intimidated and awkward about thecustoms and etiquette of another country again. With the insightsprovided in this Culture Shock! Guide, you'll learn to seebeyond the stereotypes and misinformation that often precede a visitto a foreign land. Whether you plan to stay for a week or for a year,you'll benefit from such topics as understanding the rules of drivingand monetary systems, religious practices and making friends. Thereare tips on political traditions, building business relationships, andthe particular intricacies of setting up a home or office.Great forthe business traveler, the foreign exchange student, or the touristwho makes a sincere attempt to cross the bridge into a new andexciting culture. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (5)

Wait for the next update - cries out for an update
Some have said that Bolivia is timeless; a land that refuses to change.Maybe, BUT a guide that exists to expound on the Bolivian culture should not be timeless -- it needs to be current.This guide is not current.

Mark Cramer initially wrote this bookpre-1996, and though the title page states the text was "revisited in 2001" I found nothing in the book that included the last five years of Bolivia's revolts and reformations.Bolivia is a country with serious upheavals (economic and political) and it has an engaging and often revolutionary political system. My visit this year to Bolivia showed me that the country and people do change, and they have.This book should have illustrated this fact.

My criticism does not mean that the book is without `some' significance.Cramer'sfirst 100 pages are somewhat engaging and informative.His writing is at its best in the chapter that deals with "Social and Business Customs".Sadly, half of that chapter is used to list the various festivals in Bolivia, without adequately telling you the "why" each festival exists, i.e. "San Rafael" (24 Oct.) "A four day festival in Santa Fe with folk dancing and more drinking."The last 150 pages are superfluous. Instead of guiding you deeper into the customs, culture and etiquette (the normal focus of `Culture Shock!' guides) Cramer takes a hike... literally.He attempts to turn the book into a travel guide, and not a good one at that.

The strength of other `Culture Shock! Guides' is that they give you a depth of understanding of the people and their ethos, how the history of the country has created customs and culture.Regarding this `Culture Shock! Guide' you should save your money and wait until the guide is not just `revisited', but rewritten.Conditionally recommended 2.5 stars.

excellent information, but at times too PC
Cramer provides excellent information for anyone traveling to Bolivia who wishes to make his visit more than a postcard stop. From festivals to daily activities, he guides the reader over the true Bolivian landscape (real and psychological). His tips are straight forward and will address most questions or concerns the reader might have. My only complaint is his need to be so PC. Every culture has wonderful and less wonderful things. I think it shows true respect for a culture to be able to proudly display its strengths and honestly discuss what 'stinks.' Arrogance in the Bolivian professional world that forces the 'unconnected' to be treated dismissively is not just an opportunity for the disenfranchised to learn patience. It is a flaw in that culture...just as it is in any culture where it occurs (there, I've said it and the PC God didn't strike me dead!) Having said that, I must admit that Cramer does not sugar coat everything. Also, my complaint is a minor one in light of everything that he does well.

A great supplement to guidebooks
When I learned I would be moving to La Paz for a year, I searched for a book that would provide more insight on the cultural and daily realities of life in Bolivia than guidebooks usually provide.This was just the rightbook.While it provides information that is very useful for soon-to-beresidents (how to navigate the black markets to get household necessities;the fact that it costs $1500 for a phone number, so rent an apartment thatalready has one!), I think it is also a great supplement to the guidebooksfor any traveller who will be spending a decent amount of time in Boliviaand wants to understand more about the country than just the history andthe sights.The author describes typical economic and social lives ofBolivians, outlines current social and political issues, gives culturaltips on interacting with Bolivians, and provides qualitative,highlights-type descriptions of some of the sights in La Paz and Bolivia. It is very readable and entertaining, so it makes a good introductory,overview book.A good guidebook may have lots of the same informationsomewhere in there, but it has a "thoroughness" job to do, makingit less fun and easy to read.(The Lonely Planet Guide to Bolivia isexcellent, though.)If the other Culture Shock series books are as good, Iwill read them before travelling to other S. American countries.

Easy and informative!
This book is packed with all kinds of information on Bolivia as a country and as a culture. It reads like a novel, as opposed to most fact-filled books.I sat down with this book knowing very little about Bolivia; Now Ifeel like I've been there.I look forward to seeing the pages come to lifethis summer as I venture into this amazing country.This is a MUST readfor those wanting to know about Bolivia and its people.

The Bolivian Experience
This book is a boring but good book that gives enough details to write reports for young students and it is a greaat way to learn more about a South American Country ... Read more

Product Description
Bolivia has recently come to the attention to global strategic planners.This report puts these executives on the fast track.Ten chapters provide: an overview of how to strategically access this important market, a discussion on economic fundamentals, marketing & distribution options, export and direct investment options, and full risk assessments (political, cultural, legal, human resources).Ample statistical benchmarks and comparative graphs are given. ... Read more

Product Description
Culture Smart! provides essential information on attitudes, beliefs and behavior in different countries, ensuring that you arrive at your destination aware of basic manners, common courtesies, and sensitive issues. These concise guides tell you what to expect, how to behave, and how to establish a rapport with your hosts. This inside knowledge will enable you to steer clear of embarrassing gaffes and mistakes, feel confident in unfamiliar situations, and develop trust, friendships, and successful business relationships.

Culture Smart! offers illuminating insights into the culture and society of a particular country. It will help you to turn your visit-whether on business or for pleasure-into a memorable and enriching experience. Contents include:

* customs, values, and traditions
* historical, religious, and political background
* life at home
* leisure, social, and cultural life
* eating and drinking
* dos, don'ts, and taboos
* business practices
* communication, spoken and unspoken

"Culture Smart has come to the rescue of hapless travellers." Sunday Times Travel

"... the perfect introduction to the weird, wonderful and downright odd quirks and customs of various countries." Global Travel

"...full of fascinating-as well as common-sense-tips to help you avoid embarrassing faux pas." Observer

"...as useful as they are entertaining." Easyjet Magazine

"...offer glimpses into the psyche of a faraway world." New York Times ... Read more

Product Description
In 1994, almost 100 years after the first systematic archaeological research by Adolph Bandelier, Charles Stanish and Brian Bauer began work on the Islands of the Sun and Moon in southern Lake Titicaca. The Proyecto Tiksi Kjarka conducted a complete surface survey of the islands along with test excavations of important Inca, Tiwanaku, and pre-Tiwanaku sites. This book provides the final results of this work on one of the most important locations in the circum-Titicaca Basin. Proyecto Tiksi Kjarka discovered that people have inhabited the Island of the Sun since at least 4000 years ago. The work documents a continuous occupation of human settlement from this Late Archaic period up through the present. There was a substantial pre-Tiwanaku culture, contemporary with Chiripa on the mainland, known as Titinhuayani. This autonomous culture preceded the occupation of the islands by the Tiwanaku state circa AD 650. Tiwanaku established a firm political and ritual presence on the island, as described in detail by Matthew Seddon in his meticulous description of his excavations at the site of Chucaripupata on the Island of the Sun. The Inca period occupation saw both the Islands of the Sun and Moonconverted into a panregional pilgrimage center as important as Pachacamac on the Peruvian coast.This book provides detailed survey and excavation data indispensable for Andeanists and other scholars interested in the development of complex political, economic, and ritual systems in prehistory ... Read more

Product Description
Chapters: Tinku, Ekeko, Virgen de Copacabana, Sajama Lines, Morenada, Culture of Bolivia, Afro-Bolivian Saya, Cueca, Carnaval de Oruro, Caporales, Llamerada, Pulacayo, Public Holidays in Bolivia, Fraternidad Culltural Pachamama, Pukllay, Freternindad Folklórica Y Cultural Caporales Universitarios de San Simon, Ayllus, Academia Boliviana de La Lengua, Tobas. Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 66. Not illustrated. Free updates online. Purchase includes a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: Tinku is a form of ritual conflict practiced by local people in Potosí, Bolivia. In a local kinship system people are divided to two halves or moieties, which have unequal status. The word "Tinku" belongs to the Quechua language and means encounter, meeting. Tinku takes place on specified holidays, when the members of moieties, both men and women, fight hand-to-hand with those of the other moiety. In Bolivia, the Tinku is held around the 3rd of May and lasts for a few days. Though the conflict is largely symbolic and ceremonial, the brawl may inflict real, serious physical harm that may sometimes be fatal. Status of a specific moiety is determined by this conflict. In the Andes, a tinku is a "ritual battle." These battles can be part of "festivities or rites of passages and are often sponsored by political and/or religious authorities (who do not get involved in the fights)." Types of events that could be included in tinkus: Tinkus occur "between different communities, moieties, or kin groups". They are prearranged and usually take place in the small towns of southern Bolivia, like Macha and Pocoata. Tinkus are very festive, with a numerous audience of men, women and children, who bring food and beverages. Alcoholic drinks are also brought and sold along with food during the tinku. The weapons used during tinkus are traditional or Inca weapons. The tinkus can...More: http://booksllc.net/?id=1211484 ... Read more

Product Description
Presents information on the history, geography, religion, language, festivals, and other aspects of this land-bound country of South America. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (1)

I am bolivian
I just want to say that this book actually shows the reality of my country, multiethnic and pluricultural. ... Read more

Product Description
One of the richest and most complex civilizations in ancient America evolved around Lake Titicaca in southern Peru and northern Bolivia. This book is the first comprehensive synthesis of four thousand years of prehistory for the entire Titicaca region. It is a fascinating story of the transition from hunting and gathering to early agriculture, to the formation of the Tiwanaku and Pucara civilizations, and to the double conquest of the region, first by the powerful neighboring Inca in the fifteenth century and a century later by the Spanish Crown. Based on more than fifteen years of field research in Peru and Bolivia, Charles Stanish's book brings together a wide range of ethnographic, historical, and archaeological data, including material that has not yet been published. This landmark work brings the author's intimate knowledge of the ethnography and archaeology in this region to bear on major theoretical concerns in evolutionary anthropology.Stanish provides a broad comparative framework for evaluating how these complex societies developed. After giving an overview of the region's archaeology and cultural history, he discusses the history of archaeological research in the Titicaca Basin, as well as its geography, ecology, and ethnography. He then synthesizes the data from six archaeological periods in the Titicaca Basin within an evolutionary anthropological framework.Titicaca Basin prehistory has long been viewed through the lens of first Inca intellectuals and the Spanish state. This book demonstrates that the ancestors of the Aymara people of the Titicaca Basin rivaled the Incas in wealth, sophistication, and cultural genius. The provocative data and interpretations of this book will also make us think anew about the rise and fall of other civilizations throughout history.34 b/w photographs, 12 line illustrations, 37 maps, 19 tables ... Read more

Product Description
This digital document is an article from International Bulletin of Missionary Research, published by Overseas Ministries Study Center on October 1, 1999. The length of the article is 3734 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: Bridging Cultures and Hemispheres: The Legacy of Archibald Reekie and Canadian Baptists in Bolivia.(Review) (book reviews)
Author: Justice C. Anderson
Publication: International Bulletin of Missionary Research (Refereed)
Date: October 1, 1999
Publisher: Overseas Ministries Study Center
Volume: 23Issue: 4Page: 185

Article Type: Book Review

Distributed by Thomson Gale ... Read more

Product Description
This digital document is a journal article from Political Geography, published by Elsevier in . The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Description:
This article analyses ethnic identity making in contemporary Bolivia by combining insights from constructivist political science, human geography, and other disciplines. It shows how transnational discursive frameworks and spatial imageries shape local ethnic identities through the practices of mixed actor networks that operate at local, national, regional, and international scales. Focusing on indigenous peoples in the Bolivian highlands who mobilise around the Andean ayllu (community), we argue that redefinition of indigenous identities includes the representation and validation of subjects and actors within transnational discourses cohering neoliberalism and multiculturalism. As indigenous movement platforms and concepts are increasingly institutionalised in official agencies and policy frameworks, their demands for culturally appropriate government and development are in practice implemented as governmentally and developmentally appropriate culture. These changes have therefore enabled and constrained the ayllu movement's ability to define its own identity and its access to political and economic resources. This case is emblematic of increasingly common transnational processes where multi-scalar changes in political visions, language, policies, and funding flows converge to reconstruct identities. ... Read more

Product Description
This digital document is an article from World Literature Today, published by Thomson Gale on March 1, 2006. The length of the article is 3237 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: Whither Bolivia? The ethnic, cultural, and political divide.(Culture & Politics)
Author: Edwin G. Corr
Publication: World Literature Today (Magazine/Journal)
Date: March 1, 2006
Publisher: Thomson Gale
Volume: 80Issue: 2Page: 32(4)

Distributed by Thomson Gale ... Read more

Product Description
This digital document is an article from Countries and Their Cultures, brought to you by Gale®, a part of Cengage Learning, a world leader in e-research and educational publishing for libraries, schools and businesses.The length of the article is 2394 words.The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase.You can view it with any web browser.Covers the broad range of popular religious culture of the United States at the close of the twentieth century. Beliefs, practices, symbols, traditions, movements, organizations, and leaders from the many traditions in the pluralistic American community are represented. Also includes cults and phenomena that drew followers, such as Heaven's Gale and UFOs. ... Read more