Ftp.rootsweb.com/pub/usgenweb/la/plaquemi/history/frenmakr.txt for nearly 50 years, until the hernando desoto expedition in As we all know, desotoled a large party early spanish explorers into the new world were destroyed http://ftp.rootsweb.com/pub/usgenweb/la/plaquemi/history/frenmakr.txt
Extractions: today."DEDICATION OF FRENCH MARKER AT VENICE PLAQUEMINES PARISH LOUISIANA Submitted by: Gladys Stovall Armstrong Typed by: Darnell Marie Brunner Beck Published by: "The Deep Delta" Written by: Rod Lincoln ==================================================================== USGENWEB NOTICE: In keeping with our policy of providing free information on the Internet, data may be used by non-commercial entities, as long as this message remains on all copied material These electronic pages may NOT be reproduced in any format for profit or for presentation by other persons or organizations The submitter has given permission to the USGenWeb Archives to store the file permanently for free access Persons or organizations desiring to use this material for purposes other than stated above must obtain the written consent of the file contributor ==================================================================== The following speech was presented by Rod LINCOLN on December 18, 1982, at the dedication of the French Marker at Venice, Louisiana, honoring the Tricentennial of LA SALLE claiming all of the lands drained by the Mississippi River for the King of France: "plaquemines parish has an important part in the history of the United States because on a plot of ground near Venice, Rene Robert CAVELIER, the Sieur de la Salle claimed ALL of the lands drained by the Mississippi in the name of the King of France. "From this plot of ground, our great state of Louisiana was named, and the first cross, the symbol of Christianity, was planted. "How ironic that LaSalle chose perhaps the newest land in the hemisphere in which to claim the oldest. He Chose a land most indians believed full of evil Spirits, to be the cradle of Christianity in this New World. "In order for us to fully appreciate the history of our parish and the relevance of LASALLE's explorations, it is important we set the stage for his discoveries. "plaquemines parish, or at least the geographical area now known as Plaquemines parish began approximately 1,000 years ago, when the Mississippi River "crevassed" of broke through its natural levee at what is now English Turn. Once the river broke through, it remained open, pouring its silt laden waters directly into the Gulf of Mexico. The river channel through St. Bernard parish quickly silted in and the entire Mississippi River was soon building our delta. "Archaeologists tell us that indians lived in the northeast portion of our parish along the old Mississippi channel as early as the time of Christ. The area around English Turn has supported four major indian cultures, each leaving distinct signs of their presence. As a matter of fact, though the plaquemines indian culture existed along the entire northern Gulf of Mexico from Texas to Alabama, the culture was originally identified here and derives its name from this parish. "These indians lived along the natural levees of the Mississippi and its stream ridges. They foraged, fished, and hunted for their food. They built temples, buriel mounds, and village sites often called mounds or middens. As late as the 1920's archaelogists recorded 26 distinct indian mounds or middens in plaquemines parish. Naturally, there were many more than this, that either sank into the marsh or were destroyed by the white men for the shells. "At the time of LASALLE's arrival, these indian middens extended to a point just south of present day Port Sulphur. Our local indians were quite docile and peaceful. "They believed that the area near the mouth of the river was full of evil spirits. "They had seen small islands rise up before their eyes and other islands sink. They had seen the fiery balls of marsh gas shooting across this land. They had felt the quaking earth of this building delta. "Though the area discouraged settlement, indians from distance places came to fish and hunt here. LASALLE and his expedition saw no indians on their journey below New Orleans, but they certainly saw signs of their presence. As a matter of fact, the Franciscan friar, Zenoba Membre, the principal recordkeeper on LASALLE's expedition recounts exploring South Pa.~s with a small band of men led by LASALLE's lieutenant TONTI. During their expedition, they came across a cache of dried meat presumably left by an indian fisherman. The hungry explorers enthusiastically began eating the dried meat until someone remarked that it was human flesh. "This was obviously not one of the local tribes, but perhaps a member of the canibalistic Attakapaw tribe, to the west. "LASALLE and his expedition were not the first to see the mouth of Mississippi, nor explore its lower reaches. "Perhaps as early as 1497 or 1498, Americus VESPUCCI saw the mouth of the Mississippi. He would not have seen the multi-passed delta configuration we see today - this was not yet formed. At the time of his expedition, the mouth would have been near Buras. Its muddy waters would have extended many miles into the Gulf to lead any explorer to its mouth. "VESPUCCI, who we named America after, explored the entire Gulf coast as well as portions of the Atlantic coasts of North and South America. "His explorations were published in WALDSEMUELLERS 1507 Admiral's Map. This map shows what appears to be a peninsula of land with the mouth of a great river just east of it. "Since the Mississippi Delta is the only peninsula of consequence in the Gulf, it seems likely that he, Americus VESPUCCI, did at least see the mouth of the Mississipp. Because of location and size, the great river was probably the mouth of Mobile Bay. "Between 1492 and 1502, dozens of explorations were made into the New World, primarily by the Spanish who concentrated their efforts on the Gulf of Mexico and the Carribean. "The spanish gove~nment kept the details of all of their explorations secret, to discourage explorers from other countries from coming into the Gulf. "To prevent infringement into their New World colonies, the Spanish regularly released poorly detailed maps, with inaccurate information, showing numerous non-existent spanish settlements at the site of indian camps. '1These maps confused would-be explorers from other countries. They gave the mistaken impression that the entire Gulf had been explored and heavily settled. The numerous gold loaded vessels travelling between Mexico and Spain gave the appearance of heavy Spanish colonization in the Gulf. This was not the case. "The Spanish heavily explored the Gulf of Mexico area for nearly 50 years, until the Hernando DESOTO expedition in 1542. As we all know, DESOTO led a large party of explorers from Florida throughout the southern states looking for gold. Near the confluence of the Arkansas River and the Mississippi be was killed by the indians and the remnants of his men fled down the Mississippi and then to Mexico. Gold was discovered in Mexico and spanish exploration was practically abandoned. All Spain's efforts were directed at getting the mexican gold. "It is unfortunate that most of the detailed records of the early spanish explorers into the new world were destroyed by fires and other calamities in Cuba and Spain. As a result, we may never know how much early spanish explorers really knew about our area. "There was virtually no activity in the southern part of this country between 1542 and LASALLE's exploration in 1682 "LASALLE was not only the first known explorer to travel the length of the Mississippi, but he was to renew european interest in the Gulf of Mexico. Even more importantly, LaSalle opened the door for the French settlement of our state. "To LASALLE, we owe a great debt, as do we owe to those explorers and settlers of France who followed him. How appropriate it is that we honor LASALLE with a plaque in his native language here
Extractions: After Christopher Columbus' return to Spain, news of his discovery spread through Europe every nation's eyes were on the new world that awaited them. Spain explored and claimed conquest to areas in South America and North America. (See Maps , Spanish Explorations and Conquests) It was the tales of these voyages that caused Ponce de Leon, governor of Puerto Rico, to search for the Fountain of Youth with the help of the King of Spain, King Ferdinand, who funded his trip.. After landing on the island of Bimini in the Bahamas Ponce de Leon was disappointed when he didn't find the Fountain of Youth, but his disappointment didn't stop him from continuing his voyage. He continued northwest until he approached "a low-lying land of sand, pines, and palmettos." Anchoring his boats, he went ashore and claimed the land in the name of the King of Spain. It just so happened that it was Easter, 1513, and he named the country Florida from the Spanish name for Easter, Pascua florida. Not finding the "riches" described in the tales of the explorers and adventurers who preceded him, he again set sail in search of the land of plenty. He wrote in his notes, that he had to sail north again just to keep sight of the land and thought that Florida was just another island in the Caribbean. Giving up, he retraced his route and returned to Pureto Rico. (Eight years later Ponce de Leon returned to Florida and it is believed he landed at Tampa Bay. He was attacked by natives and sent to Cuba where he died of his wounds. Another interesting side note is that when Ponce de Leon added Florida to the continental map of North America, he added it as an island!)
Powell's De Soto And United States History 1794 North Bend council and Marquette's 1691 exploration of the In 1539, HernandoDe Soto had explored much of of a European thrust into the new world that was http://xroads.virginia.edu/~CAP/DESOTO/congress.html
Extractions: First Extension: Eric J. Gislason In February 1836, the bloody battle of the Alamo sent strong signals that the United States had entered a period of increased westward expansion. Four months later, Congress ordered the second group of Rotunda murals. The amendment commissioning William Powell to paint Discovery of the Mississippi by Hernando De Soto, 1541 A. D. was tacked onto a congressional appropriations bill that reveals the political milieu in which Powell was considered. In debate on the bill, congress was primarily concerned with allocating $3 million to President James Polk so that he might conclude treaty negotiations with Mexico. Pennsylvania Representative David Wilmot attempted to add his famous proviso to the bill, which would have prevented the establishment of slavery in any lands acquired by the U.S. as a result of the war. Southern statesmen, many of whom had supported the war for the explicit purpose of extending slavery into the West, managed to eventually defeat the proviso in the Senate, although it did pass in the House. Serious contention between the North and South over the expansion of slavery was avoided when the Compromise of 1850 decided the status of lands seized by the United States during the Mexican War, allowing California to enter the union as a free state, ending the slave trade, but not slavery, in the District of Columbia, and strengthening the Fugitive Slave Law.
Unit 1 Spain and Portugal divide the new world. Early Spanish settlements Cuba. Jamaica.Puerto Rico. Cortez and the Conquest of Mexico, hernando Cortez. desoto. Coronado. http://www.owensboro.kctcs.edu/his108/patterns.htm
Extractions: HIS 108: History of the United States through 1865 Patterns of Discovery Culture Clash European Background of Exploration Spain and the New World Background of English Exploration ... England Turns to America Culture Clash (see Crosby, "God Would Destroy Them…") Attempts to "civilize" Native Americans: Religion (Christianity) Education Clothing Diet Housing Native American reaction to Europeans: Rejection of white values and customs Accepted products of European manufacturing Metal Firearms Impact of disease: Decimation of Native American population Deprived Europeans of work force Called into question traditional Native American beliefs European Background of Exploration (see Martin, pp. 10-15) Norsemen (Viking) expeditions: Eric the Red (984): Greenland Leif Ericson: Vinland (Newfoundland) Failure of Norsemen settlements: Native American hostility, poor lines of communication, political upheavals in Scandinavia Europe in the Middle Ages: Small, loosely organized kingdoms Local awareness only Changing conditions in the 15 th Century: Economic: population growth increased price of land; development of wealthy land-owners; desire for luxury goods
CLUES: Web Resources Expeditions of Columbus, Drake, desoto, Cortez, Marquette Drake, hernando de Soto,hernando Cortez, Father Voyage of exploration Discovering new Horizons - A http://www.clueslibs.org/resources/web/display.asp?desc=yes&cat=Exploration
Government - Economics Books For Sale 1503, desoto, hernando, The Other Path The Invisible Revolution 1522, Snyder, JulianM. The new world Economy, Intl Moneyline 1983, QP, 7x10 , 100pp, fine, 2.50. http://www.journalone.com/estate/bk_econ1.html
Extractions: Common Abbreviations 1st ed First edition 1st ed tr First trade edition 1st ed UK First UK edition 1st ed US First US edition 1st pr First printing Std sized book BC Book club edition DJ Dust jacket Ex-lib Library copy HB Hard back (cloth) ND No date PB Mass paper back QP Trade paper back RM Remainder mark SC Slip Case For more detailed information, see
Cool4Kids.com: People And Society/Biography/Explorers de Soto, hernando (4 Expeditions of Marquette, Drake, Columbus, Cortez, and DeSotoMiddle school Goes There European exploration of the new world Recounts the http://cool4kids.com/People_and_Society/Biography/Explorers/
The Memorial and their determination as they conquered the new world. where desoto started hisexploration of the accent, Señor, me llamo hernando desoto. I didnt http://www.sunvillespotlight.com/Kidsfict_Jan02_Daniel_10-04.htm
Extractions: 2001 1st Place Winner The Memorial by Daniel, age 11 I have always been a history buff. Nothing thrills me more than learning about the first explorers and their determination as they conquered the New World. Therefore, when I had an opportunity to visit the DeSoto National Memorial in Florida, I was overjoyed because I would come face-to-face, so to speak, with the man who first explored the Mississippi River and my home state, Arkansas. The morning I arrived at the memorial, my stomach was about to burst from an overdose of Florida orange juice. (One cant be a tourist in Florida without having citrus breath strong enough to thwart an alligator.) I had always dreamed of what it was like in the 16 th century. This memorial supposedly marked the place where DeSoto started his exploration of the American Southeast. It was beautiful. The beach, however, was dull, dreary, and uninteresting, blowing with rocky sand rather than the fine, white sand of the outer Gulf beaches. Giant, snaking banyan trees rose up around the park like a gigantic fence holding in a very special secret. How they beckoned me! There was even an area that contained a replica of the wall of one of DeSotos forts complete with chopping block. The main pavilion overflowed with brochures, maps, and clanging 16 th century armor for those who dared to try it on.
Extractions: [Original headline: On de Soto's trail] The ancient oak was surely just an acorn when the carved wooden statue of Jesus fell or was buried here hundreds of years ago. Tim White was cutting some high grass and bamboo around the now-massive tree when he found the icon with the outstretched but partially missing arms. Upside down and tangled in the roots, its flat wood base looked like a 2-inch sapling, chopped off by a machete at ground level. But it moved to the touch, so, curious, he dug it out. "I'm wondering if somebody didn't die and they buried it with him," he says of the statue of Jesus. It turns out the 7 1/2-inch-high figure with the long, heavy fringed robe and shoulder-length, straight hair was carved from European olive wood and has been carbon dated to within 49 years of the time when Spanish conquistador Hernando de Soto marched across North Mississippi near here on his way to cross the Mississippi River. White, 60, who has done extensive research on his find and the explorer's likely route, thinks the de Soto entourage of priests, officers, soldiers and native porters camped at least briefly during the winter of 1541 in and around his back yard.
Explorer BEST KNOWN FOR. hernando De Soto was best known for being the discoverer of the MississippiRiver. desoto. Then the governer of the Spanish new world possession. http://www.wcs.edu/wges/Explorers/EXPLORER.HTM
Explorers Information Sites European exploration of the new world Recounts the Taking on the world EuropeanExplorers - Features Drake, Columbus, Cortez, and desoto - Middle school http://www.spyorg.com/KidsandTeens/PeopleandSociety/Biography/Explorers/
Extractions: Byrd, Richard Cabot, John and Sebastian Cartier, Jacques Champlain, Samuel de ... Discoverers Web: Alphabetical List - Links to information on the lives of dozens of explorers. Explorer Poems - A fifth grade class shares the poems they wrote about the lives of famous explorers. Explorers of the Millennium - Fourth and fifth grade students offer short biographies of great explorers. Voyage of Exploration: Discovering New Horizons - Leads visitors on a journey through the past centuries looking at the explorers, the dangers they faced, where they went, and their motivations for exploration. In English and Dutch. Zoom Explorers - Brief biographies of men and women who have explored the earth and skies. Pomp - The True Story of the Baby on the Sacagawea Dollar - This e-book tells the story of the baby born on the historic Lewis and Clark Expedition who would grow up to explore the American West. MMBC Exploration: Explorer Biographies - Brief biographies and portraits of Europeans who explored the Northwest coast.
New Page 1 for European exploration in the new world (TEK 7.2B). Christopher Columbus EstebanHernando Cortes Alonzo Alverez Pineda Moscoso and desoto Fray Marcos http://www.iisd1.org/jh_thompson/Unit_3.htm
Extractions: In the third unit of the school year, we begin with the first two of the six flags over Texas. This unit begins with the Spanish explorers in the 16th century. We continue with the Spanish theme in exploring the mission system and Spain's attempt at settling Texas. We also discuss the landing of the French explorer La Salle and his failure at establishing a colony at the mouth of the Mississippi River. Unit 3 Guide Long Range Goal: The students will become familiar with the early exploration of Texas, who was responsible for this exploration, and how it led to the colonization of Texas. TSWBAT identify the reasons for European exploration in the New World (TEK 7.2B). TSWBAT identify and understand the importance of the Coronado Expedition (TEK 7.2B). TSWBAT understand the exploits of the following explorers and their contributions toward the development of Texas (TEK 7.2A, 7.2B and 7.2C): Christopher Columbus Esteban Hernando Cortes
ReferenceResources:FamousExplorers Polo, Christopher Columbus, Ferdinand Magellan, hernando Cortes, Vasco desire to explorethe world around them the History Channel takes new explorations into http://www.kidinfo.com/American_History/Explorers.html
Extractions: Explorer Sites A Treasure Trove of North American Exploration Accounts of European voyages and explorations to North America, from Columbus's Atlantic crossing in 1492 to the famous trip through the Northwest Passage by Roald Amundsen in 1905. Alphabetical Navigation permits browsing by explorers' names Discovery and Exploration Maps from the Library of Congress Documents the discovery and exploration of the Americas with both manuscripts and published maps. Many of these maps reflect the European Age of Discoveries, dating from the late 15th century to the 17th century when Europeans were concerned primarily with determining the outline of the continents as they explored and mapped the coastal areas and the major waterways. Also included are 18th and 19th century maps documenting the exploration and mapping of the interior parts of the continents, reflecting the work of Lewis and Clark and subsequent government explorers and surveyors. SEARCHABLE by Keyword or Creator Index
Extractions: CABEZA DE VACA DeVaca's Trail in Brief DeVaca's Place in History DeVaca's Background DeVaca's Written Story Louisiana Island Texas Trails Coronado HERNANDO de SOTO Thru Illinois Thru Indiana Thru Florida Thru Georgia Thru the Carolinas Thru Alabama Thru Tennessee Thru Kentucky Thru Missouri Thru Arkansas DESOTO's PEOPLE: Thru Louisiana Thru Texas Retreat Escape EPILOGUE to CONQUEST Spain sent no other explorers deep into our continent after DeVaca, DeSoto and Coronado. That is reason enough to believe that THEY searched America , given that Spain explored all of the New World elsewhere!
Biography - Hernando De Soto - By Dr. Lawrence A. Clayton De Soto dih SOH toh, hernando (1500?1542), a Spanish explorer, helped of his army,led by Luis de Moscoso, reached new Spain (now desoto's AMBITION in WAP. http://1st-history-of-the.us/larrys.html
Extractions: De Soto [dih SOH toh], Hernando (1500?-1542), a Spanish explorer, helped to defeat the Inca empire and led the first European expedition to reach the Mississippi River. From 1539 to 1542, he led a large Spanish expedition through what is now the southern United States. His army landed in Florida and crossed about 10 present-day states. De Soto became known as a courageous explorer who helped conquer the New World for Spain. However, the era of exploration was marked by greed, intolerance, and cruelty. In their search for wealth, de Soto and his men tortured and brutally killed many Indians. Early expeditions. De Soto was born in the province of Extremadura in Spain. As a teen-ager, he sailed to the New World and began his career as an explorer in the tropical rain forests of Panama. De Soto served in expeditions to enslave Indians and to search for wealth. By the early 1530's, de Soto was known as an excellent soldier and horseman. He joined an expedition led by Francisco Pizarro, another Spanish explorer, against the empire of the Inca Indians in what is now Peru. After a short delay, the men began their journey in 1532 with a small army of 168 men. They reached the city of Cajamarca, where a huge Inca army, commanded by Emperor Atahualpa, was camped. Pizarro sent de Soto with a small troop of 15 cavalrymen to invite Atahualpa to meet with Pizarro. The Spaniards ambushed the Inca and captured their emperor. Although the Inca paid an enormous ransom for their emperor, the Spaniards executed him. De Soto helped Pizarro capture Cusco, the Inca's capital, in 1533.
FLORIDA OF THE CONQUISTADOR He was seeking a spiritual rebirth with new honors , not no one listened more intentlythan hernando DE SOTO The cacique led desoto to a nearby village where he http://www.floridahistory.org/floridians/conquis.htm
Extractions: Useful LINKS for Florida of the Conquistadors Unknown to the Indians of Florida, their destiny was being determined by political and economic forces taking place across the Atlantic Ocean in Europe. At the end of the fifteenth century, thousands of daring adventurers would be crossing the ocean to conquer within a few centuries what had taken the Indians thousands to years to inhabit. This "Age of Exploration" was fostered by the development of maritime technology and the belief in an economic philosophy called mercantilism which decreed that a nation that was not self-sufficient will be dominated by its neighbors. At first, it was trade with the Middle East that determined this wealth, but with the discovery in 1492 for another hemisphere by Christopher Columbus, the need to travel west to the Americas became the focus. The conquistadors of Spain who ventured into the lands of the Indians were motivated by many forces. The discovery of gold in Mexico and Peru caused thousands of impoverished Spanish peasants to join the military. Under the rules of
1U.S. And World History desoto expedition meets the Casqui Indians 1541 one expedition was led by Hernandode Soto. to help General George Washington and the new Continental Congress http://www.neta.com/~1stbooks/colony9.htm
Extractions: Over half of the present USA was explored by Hispanos- And from the early 1500's to the late 20th century (the present time), Spanish was spoke in the majority of the present states in our country. And from the early 1900's to the present, English and Spanish have shared the status of dual languages in the present USA. 1776 when the Decloration of Independence was signed, it was a toss up between several languages; however, Spanish continued to be the collective language of the majority in the present "U.S." at the time of the America Revolution. When new immigrants from Spanish speaking countries assimilate, they assimilate into the USA Spanish speaking community; which has been in existence collectively for 500 years. There are two collective (dual languages) throughout the present USA- Spanish and English. Within the Spanish and English languages which are spoke collectively in the USA, there are thousands of Indigenous Tribes each with their own distinct languages. As the following facts show, the Spanish language was/is not only confined to the American southwest, but is spread through out the present USA.
