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Lalibela is a town in northern Ethiopia. Lalibela is one of Ethiopia's holiest cities, second only to Aksum, and is a center of pilgrimage for much of the country. Unlike Aksum, the population of Lalibela is almost completely Ethiopian Orthodox Christian. Lalibela was intended to be a New Jerusalem in response to the capture of Jerusalem by Muslims, and many of its historic buildings take their name and layout from buildings in Jerusalem. Located in the Semien Wollo Zone of the Amhara ethnic division, or kilil at 2,500 meters above sea level, Lalibela has a latitude and longitude of 12°02′N 39°02′E / 12.033°N 39.033°E / 12.033; 39.033Coordinates: 12°02′N 39°02′E / 12.033°N 39.033°E / 12.033; 39.033. Based on figures from the Central Statistical Agency in 2005, the town has an estimated total population of 14,668 of whom 7,049 were males and 7,619 were females. The 1994 national census recorded its population to be 8,484 of whom 3,709 were males and 4,775 were females. ... Read more

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Nowadays, land is becoming a scarce resource and itsquality is being altered rapidly in many places dueto several biophysical and socio-economic factors.This in turn is affecting the livelihoods of manypeoples. Thus, collecting timely information on howland is being changed and used is crucial forsustainable resource managementand thereby sustaining the livelihoods of people.In this book, both remote sensing and socio-economicdata are used to show the qualitative andquantitative land use/cover changes occurred overthe last two decades and theirimplications on thelivelihoods of the households in the study area. ... Read more

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This book mainly focuses on the environmental repercussion of irrigation development. To better show the impacts of the irrigation project five environmental components are selected and appropriate techniques used to quantify the outputs. The study makes use of Remote sensing tools and techniques to objectively quantify the vegetation changes that have been taking place and show the negative consequences. The research involves field survey of soil and water samples and laboratory assessment in the irrigated and non irrigated lands. On the other hand some of the social and economic variables are compared using the existing statistics and interview. It is found out that despite the many advantages of the irrigation project it has many negative impacts and implications on the environment. This in turn puts the sustainable of the project in question. Many of the examined threats are due to mismanagement of the resources rather than the existence of the project by itself. There are many recommendations forwarded to many stockholders to mitigate the negative impacts on the environment. ... Read more

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Ethiopia lies close to the northernmost limit of the Intertropical Convergence Zone, where even a slight weakening in the strength of the monsoon may lead to rainfall failure.Being located on this sensitive climatic boundary explains in part why the country has such a long and infamous history of drought and famine.Understanding the past variability in the strength of the monsoon is critical to enable the validation of climate forecasting models.Late Pleistocene and Holocene environmental and climatic changes are reconstructed from two contrasting lakes in the highlands of Ethiopia:Lake Tana, the source of the Blue Nile, and Ashenge, one of the northernmost lakes in the eastern Sahel.An 18,700-year record from Tana is examined using mineral magnetic, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry and diatom analyses.High-resolution XRF, stable isotope, and diatom analyses are utilised to produce a 17,200-year record from Ashenge.Of particular interest to this study is the timing and nature of the sub-millennial abrupt drought events.This book should appeal to anyone with an interest in African climate change past, present and future, as well as in the history of the Nile. ... Read more

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This research presents results of an integrated approach including geochronology, paleomagnetism, petrography, x-ray diffraction analysis, depositional environment and sequence stratigraphic interpretation of Oligocene-age continental rift basin sediments.It provides a convincing analysis of the sedimentary and structural processes involved in the evolution of an Oligocene rift basin and offers inferences for both modern and ancient rift basins. The Chilga rift basin is located in northwestern Ethiopia, and it is a continental rift basin with isolated outcrops of sedimentary and volcanic basin fill separated by faults related to rift processes.Continental rift basins, such as the Chilga basin that contain outcrops which can be correlated with marker beds and that can be dated with a suitable dating method provide a unique opportunity in understanding the tectonic and stratigraphic evolution of rift basins.Paleoenvironmental reconstruction of this continental rift basin was made using correlation of marker ash beds, radioisotopic and paleomagnetic age dating, depositional environment interpretation, sequence stratigraphic interpretation, and structural analysis. ... Read more

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This piece of scientific work is of vital importance for those who want to understand and further investigate the temporal variation the chemical characteristics of Lake Ziway - a fresh water lake in the Ethiopian Rift-Valley lakes system. It is devoted to the discussion of variations over years in the salinity and sodicity of the lake. The salinity and sodicity trends are probed in relation to the annual and seasonal variation in the hydro-meteorological factors that determine the chemical characteristics of the lake. It succinctly depicts the causal interrelationship between the temporal level of salinity and sodicity of the lake and the hydro-meteorological factors that govern the lake's chemical characteristics. It summarizes varied historical hydrological, meteorological and hydro-chemical data from previous records and researches to lucidly presents their implication on the temporal variation in the salinity and sodicity of the lake.It finally suggests some recommendations as to how the freshwater nature of the lake can be sustained. ... Read more

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High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Addis Ababa (sometimes spelled Addis Abeba, the spelling used by the official Ethiopian Mapping Authority) is the capital city of Ethiopia. Addis Ababa has the status of both a city and a state. It is where the African Union and its predecessor the OAU are based. Addis Ababa is therefore often referred to as "the capital of Africa", due to its historical, diplomatic and political significance for the continent.[citation needed] The city is populated by people from different regions of Ethiopia ? the country has as many as 80 nationalities speaking 80 languages and belonging to a wide variety of religious communities. It is home to Addis Ababa University. ... Read more

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The Horn of Africa (alternatively Northeast Africa, and sometimes Somali Peninsula; shortened to HOA) is a peninsula in East Africa that juts for hundreds of kilometers into the Arabian Sea, and lies along the southern side of the Gulf of Aden. It is the easternmost projection of the African continent. Referred to in medieval times as Bilad al Barbar ("Land of the Berbers"),the Horn of Africa denotes the region containing the countries of Eritrea, Djibouti, Ethiopia and Somalia.As such, it covers approximately 2,000,000 km² (772,200 sq mi) and is inhabited by about 100.2 million people (Ethiopia: 75 million, Somalia: 10 million, Eritrea: 4.5 million, and Djibouti: 0.7 million). Regional studies on the Horn of Africa are carried out, among others, in the fields of Ethiopian Studies as well as Somali Studies. ... Read more

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Vulnerability assessment to delineate areas that are more susceptible to contamination from anthropogenic sources has become an important element for sensible resource management and land use planning. Surface water quality can be determined by hydrological responses that vary geographically. The sub-surface hydrologic environment, however, has a primary influence on groundwater movement and hence pollutant migration to the sub-surface water. Maps of aquifer vulnerability to pollution are becoming more in demand because on the one hand groundwater represents the main source of drinking water, and on the other hand high concentrations of human/economic activities, e.g. industrial, agricultural, and household represent real or potential sources of groundwater contamination. There is a need to conduct studies on groundwater pollution. The main objective of this paper is to find out the groundwater vulnerable zones in shallow aquifers in Bahir Dar area and its environs, which is one of the fastest growing big towns of north Ethiopia, using the DRASTIC model in a Geographical Information System (GIS) environment. The book is important tool to Hydrogeologists, Environmentalists, etc ... Read more

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The Ethiopian Empire, also known as Abyssinia, was in what is now Ethiopia and Eritrea. At its height the empire also included Northern Somalia, Djibouti, Southern Egypt, Eastern Sudan, Yemen and Western Saudi Arabia and existed from approximately 1137 (beginning of Zagwe Dynasty) until 1974 when the monarchy was overthrown in a coup d'etat. It was in its time the oldest state in the world[citation needed], and the only native African nation to successfully resist the Scramble for Africa by the colonial powers during the 19th century. ... Read more

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Most development thinking is implicitly based on rural and urban dichotomy, which ismanifested in a number of development policies prepared for urban and rural areas separately. But now recent development paradigms give attention to mutual development of both rural and urban areas, which is manifested by rural-urban linkages. Therefore The main purpose of this study is to explore the nature, extent, and determinants of rural-urban linkages particularly production and consumption interdependences between the town of Gimbi and its hinterlands. This material will be helpful for higher institutions (universities, colleges and other training institutions), policy makers, development planners and researchers who need to further analyze the other aspects of the linkage. ... Read more

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This digital document is an article from The Geographical Journal, published by Royal Geographical Society on September 1, 2004. The length of the article is 6793 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

From the author: KEY WORDS: Mekele Plateau, small-scale irrigation, drought-prone areas, SAERT, rainwater harvesting, traditional irrigation methods

Citation Details
Title: Problems of the solution: intervention into small-scale irrigation for drought proofing in the Mekele Plateau of northern Ethiopia.
Author: Yohannes Aberra
Publication: The Geographical Journal (Refereed)
Date: September 1, 2004
Publisher: Royal Geographical Society
Volume: 170Issue: 3Page: 226(12)

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Poor solid waste management is causing seriousenvironmental and health problems in Bahir Dartown.The solid waste management service ischaracterized by its irregularity, unreliability andinefficiency. The purpose of this book is to examinethe operational processes and associated institutional ,financial,and socio-cultural constraints. The result of the study disclose that inefficient organizational structure, shortage and frequent turn over of workers, inequitable distribution and inappropriate placement of facilities, lack of financial & legal instruments,poor handling of waste by the community are themajor factors affecting the management. This bookalso provides recommendations on efficient andeffective management of solid waste. ... Read more

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Purchase includes free access to book updates online and a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: Lalibela, Ethiopia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia During the reign of Saint Gebre Mesqel Lalibela (a member of the Zagwe Dynasty, who ruled Ethiopia in the late 12th century and early 13th century) the current town of Lalibela was known as Roha. The saintly king was given this name due to a swarm of bees said to have surrounded him at his birth, which his mother took as a sign of his future reign as Emperor of Ethiopia. The names of several places in the modern town and the general layout of the monolithic churches themselves are said to mimic names and patterns observed by Lalibela during the time he spent in Jerusalem and the Holy Land as a youth. Lalibela is said to have seen Jerusalem and then attempted to build a new Jerusalem as his capital in response to the capture of old Jerusalem by Muslims in 1187. As such, many features have Biblical names - even the town's river is known as the River Jordan. It remained the capital of Ethiopia from the late 12th century and into the 13th century. The first European to see these churches was the Portuguese explorer Pêro da Covilhã (1460 1526). Portuguese priest Francisco Álvares (1465 - 1540), who accompanied the Portuguese Ambassador on his visit to Lebna Dengel in the 1520s. His description of these structures concludes: I weary of writing more about these buildings, because it seems to me that I shall not be believed if I write more ... I swear by God, in Whose power I am, that all I have written is the truth Priest with cross at LalibelaAlthough Ramuso included plans of several of these churches in his 1550 printing of Álvares' book, it is not known who supplied him the drawings. The next reported European visitor to Lalibela was Miguel de Castanhoso, who served as a soldier under Christov... More: http://booksllc.net/?id=518153 ... Read more

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"...persons in unemployment consists of workersavailable for work whose contract of employment hadbeen terminated or temporarily suspended and whowere with out a job and looking for work for pay orfor profit, those available for work during thespecified period and were seeking for work for payor for profit, and never previously employed orwhose most recent status was other than employee,those without a job and currently available for workwho had made arrangements to start a new job at adate subsequent to the specified period and those ontemporary or inddefinite layoff with outpay..."ILO,1978. people of unemployed status are notfrom similar backgrounds.They differ one another onthe basis of their socio-economic, and demographicprofiles. As a result those who are in young agegroup of 15-24, female sex,low educational status,low income group, large family size are higlyvelnurable to unemployment. ... Read more

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Chapters: Asaita, Semera, Awash, Dallol, Ethiopia, Gewane, Abala, Ethiopia, Elidar, Diche Oto, Meteka, Aramis, Ethiopia, Berhale, Dubti, Dibina. Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 38. Not illustrated. Free updates online. Purchase includes a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: Awash is a market town in central Ethiopia. Located in Administrative Zone 3 of the Afar Region, above a gorge on the Awash River, after which the town is named, the town lies on the Addis Ababa - Djibouti Railway, which crosses the gorge by a bridge there. Awash lies outside the Awash National Park, which is known for its wildlife, for the Mount Fentale caldera and for the Filwoha Hot Springs. Its market is held on Mondays, where Afar and Kereyu crafts can be found. Based on figures from the Central Statistical Agency in 2005, Awash has an estimated total population of 11,053, of whom 5,748 were males and 5,305 were females. According to the 1994 national census, the town had a population of 8,684. It is the largest settlement in Awash Fentale woreda. An iron bridge over the Awash had been built at the present location of Awash by Emperor Menelik II's favorite, Alfred Ilg, around 1890; this bridge replaced an earlier wooden one. The construction had to face the great difficulty of transporting the girders from Djibouti, but once the material had arrived, the structure had been finished in ten days; however Emperor Menelik had used for other purposes the cement imported from Europe to build the bridge with. When Count Gleichen encountered the bridge in 1897, during his mission to Emperor Menelik, he found "the bridge would be too weak to stand anything but ordinary pack-animal traffic. For nine months in the year it is blocked at each end by a broad abattis of thorn-bush, - to prevent people from using it when the river is fordable, - but during the rains it is left ope...More: http://booksllc.net/?id=2273924 ... Read more

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Primary school teaching resource, including DVD, looking at the lives of four children around the world. Suitable for geography and citizenship teaching. ... Read more

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High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Sagan is a town in southern Ethiopia. Located in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples Region, this town has a latitude and longitude of 05°35′N 37°46′E / 5.583°N 37.767°E / 5.583; 37.767 with an elevation of 1066 meters above sea level. It is named after the nearby Sagan River, a tributary of the Weito. An elementary school building was constructed in Sagan with assistance from Sweden through ESBU. The school was opened in 1966. Based on figures from the Central Statistical Agency in 2005, Sagan has an estimated total population of 5,335 of whom 2,592 are men and 2,743 are women. The 1994 national census reported this town had a total population of 2,944 of whom 1,435 were males and 1,509 were females. It is one of three towns in Konso special woreda. ... Read more