Product Description
This digital document is an article from Congressional Research Service (CRS) Reports and Issue Briefs, published by Thomson Gale on October 1, 2006. The length of the article is 3232 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: The Iran-Libya Sanctions Act (ILSA).
Author: Kenneth Katzman
Publication: Congressional Research Service (CRS) Reports and Issue Briefs (Report)
Date: October 1, 2006
Publisher: Thomson Gale
Page: NA

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In this volume, Vanessa Martin makes a groundbreaking contribution on the dynamics of the Iranian Revolution and the Islamist revival especially relevant in the context of the debate arising out of Iran's recent elections. Political Islam and its recent violent bi-products first became the focus of international attention following the success of the 1979 Iranian Revolution led by the Ayatollah Khomeini. This extraordinary book is the first to analyze the ideological roots of an Islamic state as conceived by Khomeini. Martin finds much of the inspiration behind Khomeini’s political thinking being influenced by western sources.
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Customer Reviews (1)

Khomeini's dream
Yes, the book title clearly states that it's about Khomeini's role in creating the Islamic Republic of Iran; but on reading it one is mislead to believe that Khomeini walked a straight path from the late thirties to 1979 with a clear picture in his head.
The book evades the fact that Khomeini adapted to circumstances and, above all, took advantage from other leading factions in the strugle to dethrone the Shah.
Much of the book is dedicated to study Khomeini's background and theologic curricula in the pre-revolution years, and very little to the fierce strugle to wrest power from other factions after the revolution. That's precisely Khomeini's contribution to the creation of the Islamic Republic of Iran, and if you want to read about it, you should look for other book, not this.
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This book examines the problems of economic growth and structural change in oil-exporting economies by focussing on the experience of Iran. Contrary to the recent literature which views oil income as a hindrance rather than an aid to industrial diversification and growth, Massoud Karshenas argues here that oil income can make a substantial contribution to industrial growth, subject to the adoption of appropriate policy measures. Dr Karshenas provides a wealth of empirical information on Iran, most of it gathered here for the first time in one volume. The main focus of the book is on the process of growth and structural change in Iran between 1953 and 1977. It also contains, however, two detailed chapters which trace the roots of backwardness in the Iranian economy. These serve to highlight the key historical elements which shaped the impact of oil income on the subsequent industrialization experience. ... Read more

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A compact, user-friendly handbook for U.S. Policymakers interested in understanding the Islamic Republic of Iran. It synthesizes existing analyses on Iran and draws from non-American experts with a different interpretive lens for viewing the seemingly opaque Iranian system. It provides short analytic observations about the processes, institutions, networks, and actors that define Iran1s politics, strategy, economic policy, and diplomacy. ... Read more

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As Tehran faces a crisis in its escalating showdown with the International Atomic Energy Agency regarding its nuclear program, renowned Middle East expert Dilip Hiro clears the way through the labyrinth that defines today’s Islamic Republic. In a country stereotyped as fundamentalist by America, Hiro finds a contradictory land—where black chador-clad women are the majority at universities, Iranian films are shown at international festivals, and human rights lawyer Shirin Ebadi is a Nobel Peace Prize Laureate. Drawing on Iran’s rich history, its vast oil and gas reserves, and its unique strategic importance, Hiro reveals a complex nation whose theocratic rulers are struggling to prove that Islamic democracy is a viable and enduring social system. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (5)

Good insight into a theocratic democracy
Dilip Hiro's book shed a lot of light on Iranian culture and politics, and was very informative. It is worth reading about the middle eastern country who controls vast oil reserves and influences powerful international terror groups. The book will help you understand the dynamics of that country, and how it operates. Good book for the dedicated warrior.

More people should read and review!
I am surprised this book has so far only received 3 reviews. It is well worth reading. Dilip Hiro is a scholarly author whose work deserves careful reading and analysis--especially in times like these when there is little legitimate info about Iran on the shelves of Barnes and Noble. Not to mention we may be attacking them soon.

Hiro's work is incredibly comprehensive, and he is no novice to Middle East studies (his book "Iraq" is also wonderful). He is on the "left" but I hesitate to say this because he makes little to no "overly-normative" comments. I looked long and hard for a recently published history of Iran and I was not disappointed in this one. Iran is one of those countries that Americans unfortunately dont know much about. It is also a country which will be of prime importance in the future, especially in regards to US foreign policy. People have some terrible misconceptions about Iran, and this book will set them straight.

They are not a free and democratic country, but there are some things you will read that will blow your mind. Things that are totally contrary to popular convention. Hiro goes to great lengths to show Iran as a mature and civilized place (they are one of the oldest civilizations in the world!).

The book starts in 1501 and goes to present (2005). It talks about oil, geo-politics, the Iran-Iraq War, culture, the Shah, democracy, US intervention/foreign relations, and more. One of the most surprising things I learned is that Iranians love American culture! There are many more. Very comprehensive, well written and well researched. A must read for anyone interesting in learning about Iran and current events.

Admirable balance and detail
This book achieves admirable balance in recounting Iran's controversies through recent history. Starting with the merchants of Tehran's Grand Bazaar, Hiro walks us through the labyrinth to the Majlis legislature, the popular movements and dictatorships of the past, the Islamic revolution, the oil economy, foreign relations, youth, women, and the future. Seldom do we find the perspectives of Iran and the West compared with such objectivity. Even less often do we find the shifting tensions between Iran's five major centers of power explored with such in-depth knowledge. I will offer just one typical quote:

"When it comes to interpreting the Sharia - that is practicing ijtihad (interpretive reasoning) [concerning what is morally required, allowed, indifferent, undesirable, or forbidden] - there is often no difference between jurisprudents on the obligatory and prohibited subjects. Differences usually arise in the gray area of"allowed, unspecified, and undesirable". Whether a woman is entitled to become President of Iran or a member of the Assembly of Experts falls into this category. As stated earlier, at least one senior theologian, Grand Ayatollah Yusuf Saanei said "Yes" to both. In general, though, older jurisprudents are conservative, sticking to traditional interpretations, whereas younger ones are flexible and progressive." (p. 355)

And no cheese at the end!
Politics in any nation can appear confused, especially to outsiders.In an nation where religion is an influence, the complications grow intense.When religion dominates and theocracy threatens in a secular world, the twists and turns can only be described as Byzantine.Dilip Hiro makes a valiant attempt to impart what he's learned of Iranian politics and society in this book.It wasn't an easy task and Hiro has spent much time in Iran to understand it.He explains his revelations in a readable account.The reader is warned, however, that following his account isn't done easily.He's a journalist, but this isn't something to be consumed like the Sunday supplement in your local newspaper.

Hiro reminds us of Iran's special position in the world.It's not just another "Middle East" nation.Its history stretches back many millennia, even before it was the heart of the Persian Empire.That Empire's strength came largely from the area being a crossroads for trade and cultural exchange.Although the Persian Empire faded, the region was a factor in later imperial ventures, with the Ottomans in the 17th Century.Parcelled out by the European Allies during World War I, "Iran" was literally the creation of the British Foreign Office.The discovery of oil ensured Iran was rarely free of foreign influence thereafter.Whenever Iran attempted to shake off the oil-thirsty West, first the British, then the Americans, took steps to quell nationalism and restore "stability" and the free flow of petroleum.The most glaring of these intrusions was the overthrow of the Mossadegh government by the CIA, replacing a democratically elected government with a royal figure, the Shah.

The central theme of the book is Iran's Revolution of 1979.It marked the end of an era andset in train events unresolved today.The American installed Shah was deposed and a "Leader", ayatollah Khomeini, became the spiritual head of the nation.Although the West has viewed the Khomeini years as a time of theocratic dictatorship, Hiro clarifies both the Leader's role and its political manifestations.Iran's parliament, the Majlis, was still openly elected.The religious issues leading to newspaper closures, candidate rejection and clerical representation in the Majlis, were anything but uniform during the Khomeini years.Beyond purely domestic politics, the outbreak of war with Iraq, with the United States openly supporting Iraq, led Khomeini to modify many Quran-based social impositions.It was more important to Khomeini to foster Iraq nationalism than to impose religious dogmas on society.The result is a roller-coaster-ride reading experience as Hiro takes you through the rise and fall of political movements, often contradictory ambitions among even the clerics and the use of university students as political barometers.

A less manipulated, but equally influential group in Iranian society, are the bazaar market vendors.Staunch advocates of unrestrained commerce, the vendors proved highly influential in determining the course of Iranian politics.Quick to resent government interference in their activities, their protests have often led to yet another shift in policies and party structure.Theimpact of bazaar political strength will seem outlandish to the Western reader, but Hiro shows that it is an essential aspect of the Iranian domestic scene.Family and other relationships extend out from this complex enclave in Teheran, with alliances and networks reaching throughout the nation.This is one reason why long-standing political parties such as we know cannot last in Iran.The shifting emphasis of trade, interacting with religious and socialforces, leads to the continual readjustment of political outlook.As a "lobby" to government, the bazaar has immense influence and gives to meaning to the term "government by the people".

The reader of this book must not expect free-wheeling analysis nor quick, simple answers to questions like "How do we deal with Iran?"Hiro is a journalist.He has compiled a wealth of factual information and presented it free of judgements.He is aware of Iran's continued interaction with the United States.Most readers will not be aware of Iran's support of the US in its campaign against the Taliban in Afghanistan.The clash of traditional and modern in Iran has remained out of sight for most.This book reveals many aspects of that contested issue in Iran.Although Hiro is hardly the sole information source on Iran, there is much to learn from reading this book.[stephen a. haines - Ottawa, Canada]

Very helpful
It can now be taken as an axiom that the Western press cannot be trusted to report honestly the events of the Middle East as they are occurring and how they have occurred in the past. Journalism has been morphed into a game of politics and self-aggrandizement on the part of journalists. The study of history has been exposed as a game of promoting a particular worldview, and historians have exhibited an extreme bias that is sometimes admitted but frequently is not. For these reasons the study of historical events has taken on particular importance at the present time. Those who sincerely desire an accounting of history in most cases must undertake the study themselves. In addition, the prevailing political climate dictates that an accurate picture of history be available, in order to not be subjected to the mental tyranny of propaganda. Every citizen must now become a historian, and must practice extreme skepticism towards any assertions that are put into print that claim to be accurate appraisals of past events. Documents and sources must be checked meticulously, and no apologies must be given if research indicates that historical events do not conform to prevailing ideologies.

This book, written by one of those who have been "on the ground" in the Middle East, attempts to give an overview of the history of Iran in the twentieth century. The accounting that he gives sounds plausible, and as a whole the book seems to be free of any extreme bias or hidden political agendas. However, it should be remembered that the author has viewed the Middle East through finite time windows, and therefore his appraisal of the events he has observed may not reflect the true situation. The fact that the book must be kept at a manageable length for publication also dictates that the author must employ selective filters on the history he is attempting to analyze. The author though gives many references for those readers who want to pursue further studies on the history of Iran. In view of the current tensions between Iran and the United States, it is imperative that an understanding of this tension be put into proper historical context. Some in the United States government have called for war against Iran. To find out whether such a war is justified entails that a thorough understanding of Iranian history be obtained.

Some of the many historical topics that the author discusses in the book include:

1. The reasons for the invasion of Iran by Iraq in September 1980.
2. The origin and functioning of the Islamic Majlis.
3. The White Revolution, initiated by Shah Pahlavi, in 1963. This consisted of a "six-point" program involving agrarian reform, the nationalization of the forests, the sale of public factories to compensate landlords, suffrage for women, profit-sharing in industry, and the eradication of illiteracy.
4. The overthrow of the Mussadiq government by the CIA in 1953. This was the beginning of the heavy influence and manipulation of the United States into the affairs of Iran. The author reports that U.S. military and economic aid from the years 1953 - 1956 totaled $414, 000, 000. In addition, he reports that thousands of Americans moved to Iran during this time, which caused further alienation of the Iranian populace.
5. The life history of Muhammad Mussadiq al Saltane and his rise to the leadership of Iran in 1949.
6. The nationalization of the oil industry in 1950. The Anglo-Iranian Oil Company was nationalized, resulting in the CIA-sponsored coup against the Mussadiq government.
7. The history of the Reza Shah regime from 1925 - 1941.
8. The history of the Muhammad Reza Shah regime from 1941 - 1979. After installed by the CIA in 1953, the author reports that the Shah's persecution against the opposition resulted in the deaths of 5.000 Iranians as well as the exile of 50,000. The author discusses the formation of the Sazman-e Aminyat Va Ettilaat-e Keshavar (Organization of National Security and Intelligence) or Savak. The Savak organization was discussed by some members of the Western press as being one of the reasons for the overthrow of the Shah in 1979, due to its atrocious conduct towards many Iranian citizens. The author reports that Savak maintained strong ties to the CIA as well as to the Israeli foreign intelligence agency. The author also reports that Savak agents engaged in the deliberate attack against religious seminaries, resulting in the deaths of hundreds of people. The Shah also engaged in poll rigging and persecution of political opponents. One of those undergoing persecution and arrest was the Ayatollah Khomeini. The Shah had absolutely no qualms about using the military to suppress uprisings, with as many as ten thousand people reportedly being killed in the Tehran Grand Bazaar in what has been called the Khordad 15 Uprising.
9. The life and history of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini. The author gives an interesting and detailed description, and the reader obtains insight into the religious views of Khomeini. Particularly interesting is his belief in an ethics that is not rule-based, i.e. not a prescriptive "do and don't" ethics for believers. The goal of all believers must instead be to oust corrupt officials and eliminate repressive regimes, and then replace them with ones that are ruled by just Islamic jurists. Once obtaining power in 1979, Khomeini unfortunately did not hesitate to use it to eliminate rivals, thus proving himself to be the moral equivalent of the man he replaced. ... Read more

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The Axis of Evil outlines the operations and goals of Shiite and Iranian terror. As Shaul Shay shows, Iran has done its utmost to conceal its involvement in terror activities and avoids leaving incriminating 'fingerprints' that might prompt retaliatory action by victims of this terrorism. The Axis of Evil deals extensively with Irans involvement in terrorist activity against Israel through Hiballah after the Israel Defense Forces withdrawal from Lebanon (May 2000) and the instigation of the Al-Aksa Intifada (September 2000-2003). It examines Irans attitude towards the State of Israel since the rise of Knomeini, confirming that Iran sees Israel as a primary source of the worlds wrongdoings and the epitome of evil. In turn, Israel has become one of Irans archenemies. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (1)

Badly Written
I was hoping the book would show a good connection to Iran.However, the writing is absolutely horrible, the resources sometimes disputable, and overall I felt the whole book kept on dragging on!I had a hard time finishing half of it. ... Read more

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A history of Iran focuses on the Shah's rise and fall and the causes of the Iranian revolution. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (4)

an excellent introduction to revolutionary Islam
Keddie does a marvelous job of exploring the roots, appeal and cause of the Iranian revolution of '78 - '79.Essentially the argument is made that the repressive and secular Pahlavi regieme, ignoring and even actively repressing Islam caused a backlash that led to its eventual destruction.At the same time, Keddie makes the point that the close ties the pre-revolutionary Iranian government had with the West, and its increasing reliance on it for support only served to increase the popularity of Islam as an alternative.

While radical Islam is a complex issue, and is broader than just the Iranian model, this book is a must for those who seek to understand the mass appeal of it.

Misunderstanding of Islamic Revolution in Iran
The Iranian Revolution of 1978-79 successfully identified and institutionalized itself as Islamic. This being said, I find the author's analysis in attempting to explain the meaning of this revolution within a socio-historical experience does not touch the fundamental spirit of the revolution. The author is by no means alone, considering no expert, with the possible exception of Dr. Hamid Algar has adequately conveyed the Islamic-ness of this revolution. The real roots of this revolution go all the way back to the emergence of Shia Islam. The Islamic Revolution in Iran was not the culmination ofyears and years of resistance against the Pahlavi dictatorship, but rather the culmination of 1300 years of Shia resistance. Moreover, the final revolution will culminate under the leadership of Imam Mahdi (may our souls be sacrificed for him).

A condensed History
By condensing a religious, political, social, and economic history of Iran, Keddie attempts to explain the causes of the 1978-79 Islam Revolution.The style of writing is impersonal and the vast amount ofinformation given makes reading arduous.Since it is an interpretivehistory, Keddie gives no opposing viewpoints.This book seems bettersuited for one who already has knowledge of Iranian history rather than abeginner.

An easy explanation of the revolution in Iran
this is a very good book if you want to know more about the islamic revolution. Keddie gives us many different reasons to why the revolution could take place. ... Read more

Product Description
Chapters: Politics of Iran, Nuclear Program of Iran, Timeline of Nuclear Program of Iran, Privatization in Iran, International Conference to Review the Global Vision of the Holocaust, Iran and State Terrorism, List of Prime Ministers of Iran, Islamic Republic News Agency, Consultative Assembly of Iran, Assembly of Experts, Guardian Council, Expediency Discernment Council, Interim Government of Iran, President of Iran, Senate of Iran, Prime Minister of Iran, List of Presidents of Iran, Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting, Cabinet of Iran, Vice President of Iran, Supreme National Security Council, Kayhan, Cultural Heritage Organization of Iran, 1st Assembly of Experts, List of Premiers of Iran, List of Iranian Officials, Central Library of Astan Quds Razavi, Management and Planning Organization of Iran, Atomic Energy Organization of Iran, Shi`ite Theocracies, General Inspection Office, Oghab 2, Supreme Council of Ict of Iran, Irib Radio Payam. Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 269. Not illustrated. Free updates online. Purchase includes a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: The nuclear program of Iran was launched in the 1950s with the help of the United States as part of the Atoms for Peace program. The support, encouragement and participation of the United States and Western European governments in Iran's nuclear program continued until the 1979 Iranian Revolution that toppled the Shah of Iran. After the 1979 revolution, the Iranian government temporarily disbanded elements of the program, and then revived it with less Western assistance than during the pre-revolution era. Iran's nuclear program has included several research sites, two uranium mines, a research reactor, and uranium processing facilities that include three known uranium enrichment plants. The long delayed startup of Iran's first nuclear power plant, Bushehr I, was most recen...More: http://booksllc.net/?id=721807 ... Read more

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This unique electronic book on DVD-ROM has a comprehensive collection of the finest federal documents and resources about the ongoing Iranian nuclear crisis, providing encyclopedic coverage of all aspects of Iran and the threat that it could pose to Israel and the United States if its ongoing nuclear program leads to the production of nuclear weapons. In January 2006, the Iranian regime resumed uranium enrichment work after removing United Nations seals at the Natanz reactor. President George W. Bush declared that “Iran, armed with a nuclear weapon, poses a grave threat to the security of the world... the current President of Iran has announced that the destruction of Israel is an important part of their agenda, and that’s unacceptable.” Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice stated, “We're gravely concerned by Iran's long history of hiding sensitive nuclear activities from the IAEA, in violation of its obligations, its refusal to cooperate with the IAEA's investigation, its rejection of diplomatic initiatives offered by the EU and Russia and now its dangerous defiance of the entire international community.” If United Nations Security Council actions fail to halt the Iranian development of nuclear technology, military action by the United States or Israel is possible.This disc provides a truly fantastic reference source, with over one hundred thousand pages from every major American government agency, reproduced in Adobe Acrobat format. There is material from the White House, State Department, Department of Defense, and more.Advanced search and indexing features are built into our reproduction, providing a complete full-text index. This enables the user to search all the files on the disk at one time for words or phrases using just one search command.In addition to the comprehensive coverage of the nuclear weapons crisis, there is complete information about Iranian geography, people, government, the economy, communications, transportation, military, and transnational issues.As a bonus we have included a huge collection of reports and documents about every country on the globe, with 271 nations, dependent areas, and other entities identified by the Central Intelligence Agency. We have full reproductions of the CIA Factbook through the latest edition, with archival versions dating back to 2000. The CIA World Factbook is considered an invaluable "world encyclopedia" reference book.This incredible DVD-ROM is packed with over 200,000 pages reproduced using Adobe Acrobat PDF software - allowing direct viewing on Windows and Macintosh systems. The Acrobat cataloging technology adds enormous value and uncommon functionality to this impressive collection of government documents and material. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (1)

the authorship is misleading and amazon should remove this!
This is not published by the us government as far as I can tell. If you look at the entire series of these books, you'll see everything form Fred Thompson, to M. Romney and etc. And the government is not going to write something endorsing a presidential candidate and also if this was done by government you would be able to download it for free, instead of paying so much for it. I think amazon should either pull this out, or put the real publisher out there. As is this is really misleading and is nothing more than bunch of document pulled from here and there with a really bad cover. ... Read more

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This is a NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA report procured by the Pentagon and made available for public release. It has been reproduced in the best form available to the Pentagon. It is not spiral-bound, but rather assembled with Velobinding in a soft, white linen cover. The Storming Media report number is A812024. The abstract provided by the Pentagon follows: The potential for reform in the Iranian government appears to be very high, but the aggressive foreign policy position taken by the United States is actually helping the mullahs retain power. The United States has had an anti- Iranian foreign policy since 53 hostages were held by Iranian students for 444 days from 1979-1981, The election of Mohammed Khatami as President has signaled that the Iranian people desire a change in how their government operates; however, the office of the President does not have any significant power in Iran because the constitution makes that position subordinate to the unelected position of the Supreme Leader. According to Jack Snyder, liberal regimes, like Khatami's presidency, lose domestic political strength when their country is under international pressure to change. Since the United States is the sole source of international pressure against Iran's government, then United States that can help guide Iran's future. Relaxing the unilateral economic sanctions is one of many actions that start the process of reform in Iran. ... Read more

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Iran Foreign Policy and Government Guide ... Read more

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This up-to-date and comprehensive set of three CD-ROMs provides an unparalleled collection of official federal documents and publications on all aspects of the countries identified as the "Axis of Evil" by President George W. Bush: Iraq, Iran, and North Korea.

This set is compiled from our individual CD-ROMs on those nations (ISBN 1592480551, 1592481094, and 1592481418). It's a great value - purchased individually, these CD-ROMs would cost $84.90, so you save over 50% by purchasing this set on these three infamous nations!

There is extensive illustrated material from the State Department, Department of Defense, the military, the White House, Congress and Congressional testimony, and the Commerce, Treasury, and Energy Departments. Relevant portions of the 2002 CIA World Factbook and the Library of Congress "Country Studies series" profile are include and provide vital background information.

Over 220,000 pages of documents are reproduced using Adobe Acrobat PDF software - allowing direct viewing on Windows and Apple Macintosh systems. Reader software is included.

Our CD-ROMs are privately-compiled collections of official public domain U.S. government files and documents - they are not produced by the federal government. They are designed to provide a convenient user-friendly reference work utilizing the benefits of the Adobe Acrobat format to uniformly present thousands of pages that can be rapidly reviewed, searched by finding specific words, or printed without untold hours of tedious research and downloading. Vast archives of important public domain government information that might otherwise remain inaccessible are available for instant review no matter where you are. ... Read more

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This digital document is an article from APS Diplomat Recorder, published by Arab Press Service on September 12, 2009. The length of the article is 724 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: IRAN - Sept 6 - Ex-President Denounces Iran's Government.
Author: Unavailable
Publication: APS Diplomat Recorder (Newsletter)
Date: September 12, 2009
Publisher: Arab Press Service
Volume: 73Issue: 11

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This digital document is an article from National Catholic Reporter, published by Thomson Gale on December 9, 2005. The length of the article is 1020 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: Iranians like Americans but resent U.S. government.(A LETTER FROM IRAN)
Author: Lawrence Davidson
Publication: National Catholic Reporter (Magazine/Journal)
Date: December 9, 2005
Publisher: Thomson Gale
Volume: 42Issue: 7Page: 26(1)

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Ultimate handbook on government and business contacts in the country. Government agencies, strategic, business contacts, international representations and more... ... Read more

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This digital document is an article from Siempre!, published by Edicional Siempre on August 22, 2001. The length of the article is 608 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: Crisis de toma de posesión en Irán.(TT: Crisis in the government in Iran.)(Artículo Breve)
Author: Carlos Guevara Meza
Publication: Siempre! (Refereed)
Date: August 22, 2001
Publisher: Edicional Siempre
Volume: 48Issue: 2514Page: 41

Article Type: Artículo Breve

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Chapters: Presidents of Iran, Prime Ministers of Iran, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, Ali Khamenei, Mohammad Mosaddegh, Mohammad Khatami, Mir-Hossein Mousavi, Reza Shah, Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, Amir-Abbas Hoveida, Amir Kabir, Shapour Bakhtiar, Asadollah Alam, Fazlollah Zahedi, Haj Ali Razmara, Abulhassan Banisadr, Mehdi Bazargan, Hassan-Ali Mansur, Ahmad Qavam, President of Iran, Mohammad-Ali Rajai, Prime Minister of Iran, Mohammad-Reza Mahdavi Kani, List of Presidents of Iran, Mohammad-Ali Foroughi, Mohammad-Javad Bahonar, Jafar Sharif-Emami, Jamshid Amouzegar, Mostowfi Ol-Mamalek, Ali Amini, Seyyed Zia'eddin Tabatabaee, Ebrahim Hakimi, Hossein Ala', Mohammad Sa'ed, Morteza Gholi Bayat, Ali Soheili, Abdolhossein Hazhir, Vosough Od-Dowleh, Mahmoud Jam, Abdol Majid Mirza, Ghaem Magham Farahani. Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 247. Not illustrated. Free updates online. Purchase includes a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: Mahmoud Ahmadinejad (Persian: , Mahmd Ahmadinezhd ; born 28 October 1956) is the sixth and current President of the Islamic Republic of Iran, and the main political leader of the Alliance of Builders of Islamic Iran, a coalition of conservative political groups in the country. An engineer and teacher from a poor background, Ahmadinejad joined the Office for Strengthening Unity after the Islamic Revolution. Appointed a provincial governor, he was removed after the election of President Mohammad Khatami and returned to teaching. Tehran's council appointed him mayor in 2003. He took a religious hard-line, reversing reforms of previous moderate mayors. His 2005 presidential campaign, supported by the Alliance of Builders of Islamic Iran, garnered 62% of the runoff election votes, and he became President on 3 August 2005. Ahmadinejad is a controversial figure both within Iran and internationally. He has been criticized domestically fo...More: http://booksllc.net/?id=7907317 ... Read more

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Chapters: Government Ministers of Iran, Heads of State of Iran, Iranian Majlis Representatives, Iranian Vice Ministers, Iranian Vice Presidents, Iranian Governors, Mayors of Places in Iran, Presidents of Iran, Prime Ministers of Iran, Mahmoud Hessaby, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, Abdolhossein Teymourtash, Ali Khamenei, Mohammad Mosaddegh, Mohammad Khatami, Mir-Hossein Mousavi, Reza Shah, Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, Amir-Abbas Hoveida, Amir Kabir, Hasan Taqizadeh, Mehdi Karroubi, Pahlavi Dynasty, Consultative Assembly of Iran, Shapour Bakhtiar, Masoumeh Ebtekar, Mohammad-Taqi Bahar, Sheikh Khaz'al, Ebrahim Yazdi, Asadollah Alam, Manouchehr Ganji, Saeed Hajjarian, Fazlollah Zahedi, Ali Larijani, Haj Ali Razmara, Sadegh Khalkhali, Abulhassan Banisadr, Marzieh Vahid-Dastjerdi, Mehdi Bazargan, Mohammad-Ali Abtahi, Manouchehr Mottaki, Saeed Emami, Hassan-Ali Mansur, Farrokhroo Parsa, Dariush Forouhar, Ali Akbar Mohtashamipur, Ali-Akbar Dehkhoda, Ahmad Qavam, Hassan Pakravan, President of Iran, Abdollah Nouri, Mohammad Mehdi Zahedi, Abolqasem Najm, Sadegh Ghotbzadeh, Ata'ollah Mohajerani, Hasan Arsanjani, Gholam-Hossein Mohseni-Eje'i, Behzad Nabavi, Mohammad-Ali Rajai, Ebrahim Asgharzadeh, Prime Minister of Iran, Mostafa Pour-Mohammadi, Mohammad-Reza Mahdavi Kani, List of Presidents of Iran, Ali Fallahian, Fatemeh Javadi, Ali-Akbar Davar, Gholam-Ali Haddad-Adel, Mostafa Moeen, Vice President of Iran, Ahmad Bourghani, Hossein Fatemi, Ali Khan Vali, Mohammad-Ali Foroughi, Hassan Modarres, Mohammad-Javad Bahonar, Mohammad-Ali Najafi, Reza Malekzadeh, Hossein Saffar Harandi, Jafar Sharif-Emami, Kamran Daneshjoo, Jamshid Amouzegar, List of Iranian Provincial Governors Under President Khatami, Ali Akbar Nategh-Nouri, Morteza Alviri, Mostowfi Ol-Mamalek, Mohsen Mirdamadi, Haji Washington, Kamal Kharazi, Hassan Habibi, Mozzafar Baghai, Gholam Reza Aghazadeh, Ali-Akbar Mousavi Khoeini, Mohammad Va'ez Abaee-Khorasani, Faezeh Hashemi, Parviz Davoodi, ...More: http://booksllc.net/?id=7907317 ... Read more