Profile Of The Mukogodo People Of Kenya first settlers we know of following the indigenous San (Bushmen). in the same form,and into kikuyu as Ndorobo they are monotheist, as are most peoples of africa http://endor.hsutx.edu/~obiwan/profiles/mukogodo.html
Extractions: Status Location : The Mukogodo live in the Mukogodo Forest of west central Kenya. They were originally an Eastern Cushite group, predating the Nilotes and Bantu in this area. There are no remaining speakers of the original language, called Yaaku. History : The Mukogodo represent a second wave of Cushite immigration into the Rift Valley area of East Africa. The earlier Southern Cushites were the first settlers we know of following the indigenous San (Bushmen). The San were here first before the time of Christ. Then came the Southern Cushites in the first millennium AD, then Eastern Cushites, followed by the Highland Nilotes (Kalenjin Cluster), then the early Bantu. Later came intermingled waves of Plains Nilotes (Maasai-Teso-Karamojong-Turkana), later Bantu (Logoli-Kuria-Ganda, etc.) and River-Lake Nilotes (Luo and related Uganda peoples still stretching up into the Waa River marshes in Sudan). Identity : Various old Cushite groups in the Rift Valley of Kenya and Tanzania have become affiliated with various Nilotic tribes as clients, mostly as a self-defense for their own preservation under the various waves of Nilotic migration into their ancestral area.
Forgotten Africa Part 1 - By Monty Rainey In April 1980, indigenous soldiers from the hinterland killed the that affirmed theright of all peoples to choose known as Mau Mau among the kikuyu of Kenya. http://www.juntosociety.com/monty/mrfa1.html
Extractions: October 3, 2002 There has been much talk about all of the problems facing Africa today. Most people are aware of the land theft taking place in Zimbabwe, the genocide of Sudanese Christians in southern Sudan, the starvation throughout Africa, the growing AIDS epidemic, and the endless list of other African problems. Almost everyone has an opinion, but as usual, as is sadly the case, Americans for the most part, are poorly informed of the overall scope of what is occurring. To fully understand things, one must first take a look at how the problems developed in the first place. The slave trade, which began about 1450 and lasted roughly 400 years, removed millions of people in their most productive years from Africa and left the continent ill-prepared to cope with the European "scramble for Africa. " From the 1870s through the early twentieth century, nearly the entire sub-Saharan region was divided among the European powers. The Europeans built a basic economic infrastructure; but imposed a bureaucratic system of government and strengthened traditional chiefs and other "big men" to help them rule. These patterns deepened divisions in African societies and strengthened anti-democratic patterns of government.
African Timelines Part I A chronological outline with weblinks from african Timelines by Central Oregon Community College.Category Society History By Time Period Ancient africa the Shona, the Xhosa, the kikuyu, and the AND CULTURE As africas peoples establishedthemselves Spoken african languages indigenous to the continent are http://www.cocc.edu/cagatucci/classes/hum211/timelines/htimeline.htm
Index00 Droz, Yvan L'ethos du mûramati kikuyu. Cloth, Dress, and Art Patronage in africa.Oxford 1999. 217 pp. indigenous peoples and the Legacy of Perestroika. http://www.anthropos-journal.de/index00/body_index00.htm
Extractions: INDEX 2000 AUTHOR INDEX GEOGRAPHICAL INDEX Articles Africa ... Oceania AUTHOR INDEX Articles Battesti, Vincent: Les échelles temporelles des oasis du Jérid tunisien 419 Bednarik, Robert G.: Crossing the Timor Sea by Middle Palaeolithic Raft 37 Blust, Robert: The Origin of Dragons 519 DasGupta, Sudipta: Prehistoric Context of Mayurbhanj District of Orissa (India) 485 Dilley, Roy M.: The Question of Caste in West Africa with Special Reference to Tukulor Craftsmen 149 Dinslage, Sabine, Rudolf Leger, and Anne Storch: Space and Gender. Cultural Limitations of Space in Two Communities of Northeastern Nigeria 121 Droz, Yvan: L'ethos du mûramati kikuyu. Schème migratoire, différenciation sociale et individualisation au Kenya 87 Frieß, Michaela: Die europäische Kultivierung einer südseeinsulanischen Tradition. Tätowierung als Kennzeichnung individualisierter sexueller, kultureller und nationaler Identität 167 Ganzer, Burkhard: Kulturelle Distanz und "ethnographic refusal". Zur Ethnographie iranischer Nomadengesellschaften 65 Giessen, Hans W.:
Africa Draft 3. Leakey, LSB, The Southern kikuyu Before 1903 (This in Meillassoux (ed.), The Developmentof indigenous Trade and Mair, L., peoples of africa, chapters 5, 10 http://lucy.ukc.ac.uk/Courses/SE512/Preceeding_Years/se5121999.html
Extractions: AFRICAN SOCIETIES Michaelmas and Lent Terms Telephone extension: 3360 Number Registered for Course : max 40 Email list for Course : af-anth@ukc.ac.uk Assessment Procedure : You will be assessed by a combination of two essays, a bibliography on one of the topics covered and contributions to the course email list. At the end, a three hour examination is held. Essays etc contribute 10% of all marks, the examination 90%. You must make at least four contributions to the email list which include at least two article summaries (but not including essays and the bibliography which should not be sent to the list). Assignment Requirements : Essays need to be of at least 2000 words, not more than 3000 in length and must be typed first essay on 18 December 1998 by 3.00 p.m.
Search - 009-004 of the US school have learned, the kikuyu will make necessary for man to move outof africa prior to send me this paper (5pp)Most indigenous peoples have a http://termpapersonfile.com/categories/009-004.html
Extractions: This 40 page paper looks at the Jamaican community living in London and examines the influence that they have had on the wider community and the way in which that community has effected them. Issues such as the language, racism, schooling, housing, politics, religion and the arts are all discussed with their influence being assessed in both directions. Examples and cases are cited to demonstrate the influences. The paper includes two graphs and cites 19 sources.
Social Reconstruction In Rural Africa the exploitation of all dispossessed peoples but especially of have shown that agrarianand indigenous women in campaign focused on interning kikuyu farmers in http://www.uoguelph.ca/~terisatu/Counterplanning/c5.htm
Extractions: Social Reconstruction in Rural Africa: A Gendered Class Analysis of Women's Resistance to Cash Crop Production in Kenya Terisa E. Turner* Wahu M. Kaara Leigh S. Brownhill 1997 *Biographical notes and key words appear at the end. This paper was written with financial support from the Social Science and Humanities Research Council of Canada and from the International Development Research Centre in Ottawa. SOCIAL RECONSTRUCTION IN RURAL AFRICA: A GENDERED CLASS ANALYSIS OF WOMEN'S RESISTANCE TO CASH CROP PRODUCTION IN KENYA Terisa E. Turner, Wahu M. Kaara and Leigh S. Brownhill ABSTRACT This study traces the struggles in Kenya of two groups of landless women to assert control over their own labour in agricultural production in the decade 1985-1996. In the first case, the women of Maragua have refused to produce coffee, an export cash crop, and instead are producing bananas and selling them independently. In the second and very different setting of Mwea, a government rice producing project, women have appropriated the inputs, notably irrigation water, to produce garden crops for their own consumption and sale. The study uses a 'gendered class analysis' to consider how, at the household, national and international levels, women farmers are exploited and resist that exploitation. The success of women in sustainable, sustenance agriculture is linked to their success in establishing control over their own labour power, in the face of efforts by husbands, the state and private firms to retain control.
I. Intellectual Property And TRM among the members of the kikuyu community , indigenous In africa and in many developingnations that traditional medicinal knowledge of indigenous peoples is an http://www.southcentre.org/publications/traditionalmedicine/traditionalmedicine-
Extractions: I. Intellectual Property and TRM IPRs are granted to individuals or juridical persons who claim to be inventors or creators. Such rights may apply to a broad range of creative expressions, designs, products and processes, provided that certain requirements and conditions are met. Thus, in the case of patents, the claimed invention must be novel (that is, not publicly available or disclosed), convey an inventive activity and, in most jurisdictions, be capable of industrial application. Ornamental designs may be protected if original. Trade secrets law protects knowledge of actual or potential commercial value. There is, a priori, no reason why such categories of rights may not apply to various expressions of traditional knowledge, including TRM. However, there are several characteristics of TRM that create barriers to protection through the use of existing forms of IPRs. This section briefly presents some of the features of TRM that may determine the extent to which patents and other IPRs can be applied to its various expressions. The discussion in this section does not address the question of whether IPRs can or should be applied to TRM, but rather highlights peculiar characteristics of TRM that may be relevant to the potential application of such rights. Section III examines the use of patents and (to a lesser extent) other IPRs to protect TRM.
Kenya Map Flag Description Three Equal Horizontal Bands Of Major peoples kikuyu 22%, Luhya 14%, Luo 13 Principal Languages English, Kiswahili,numerous indigenous languages. The Nilotic peoples began to enter from the http://www.gateway-africa.com/countries/kenya.html
Extractions: Flag description: three equal horizontal bands of black (top), red, and green; the red band is edged in white; a large warrior's shield covering crossed spears is superimposed at the center Location: Eastern Africa, bordering the Indian Ocean, between Somalia and Tanzania Geographic coordinates: 1 00 N, 38 00 E Climate: varies from tropical along coast to arid in interior Independence: 12 December 1963 (from UK) Nationality: Kenyan(s) Capital City: Nairobi Population: Head of State: President Daniel Toroitich arap MOI (since 14 October 1978) Area: 582,650 sq km Type of Government: republic Currency: 1 Kenyan shilling (KSh) = 100 cents Major peoples: Kikuyu 22%, Luhya 14%, Luo 13%, Kalenjin 12%, Kamba 11%, Kisii 6%, Meru 6%, other African 15%, non-African (Asian, European, and Arab) 1% Religion: Protestant 38%, Roman Catholic 28%, indigenous beliefs 26%, Muslim 7%, other 1% Official Language: English, Kiswahili Principal Languages: English, Kiswahili, numerous indigenous languages Major Exports: tea, coffee, horticultural products, petroleum products
Review: Deconstructing "Matriarchal Myth" It has also been leveled at indigenous accounts of traditions have been recorded amongAustralian peoples, the Dogon Mende in west africa and the kikuyu in the http://www.suppressedhistories.net/articles/eller3.html
Extractions: Deconstructing "Matriarchal Myth" The outlines of the book's critique will be familiar to any well-read person. Feminists have invented a "golden age," a utopian narrative fantasizing a time when women were free. Eller calls it "a universalizing story: once things were good, everywhere; now they are bad" an account based on dualistic thinking and "a reductive notion" of who women and men are. (Wait, which is the reductive idea: that women have always been subordinate and men dominant; or that other models have existed in human society, and that even patriarchal societies show a significant range in the degree of domination?) Eller scolds that theories for the cause of patriarchy "tend to find fault with men," who are described as awful and wicked. But elsewhere we are told that "narrators of the myth are generally reluctant to blame men..." It's enough to give you whiplash. The Myth seems to admonish that the issue of identity under oppression should not be engaged directly. To speak of groups with common history comes too close to "essentialism." On those terms, it's hard to see how to stop the dominant groups' ideologies from continuing to define reality. As Chris Brickell comments, "the term 'essentialism' has become something of an epithet," even a term of abuse. ["Radically Speaking! A Reply to Alison Jones,"
HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH Publications Portugues Francais Russian Kalenjin, against Kenya's majority community, the kikuyu. a minister as representativesof Kenya's indigenous peoples. party, the United Muslims of africa. http://www.hrw.org/reports/1994/WR94/Africa-02.htm
Extractions: On December 29, 1992, Kenya held its first genuinely multiparty elections since independence. Incumbent President Daniel arap Moi was reelected, and the Kenya African National Union (KANU), the ruling party since independence in 1963, returned as the largest party to the National Assembly. Although the political system was opened up to some extent by the elections, Kenya's government remained intolerant of criticism. Attacks on opposition politicians and on journalists, use of excessive force by police in the control of demonstrations, and the enforcement of repressive legislation remained serious concerns in Kenya in 1993. The politically motivated ethnic violence that had convulsed large areas of rural Kenya during 1992 returned intermittently during the first half of 1993, and erupted with renewed force towards the end of the year, amid continuing allegations of government involvement. As corruption scandals shook the government, Kenya's economy continued to decline. On January 27, 1993 the new parliament was suspended, legally, by President Moi one day after it was convened; it reopened only in March. Although debate on controversial government policies did occur, the opposition was frustrated by the bias of the speaker in favor of the government, and no significant reforms were introduced through parliament during the year. Despite plans announced in June by Attorney General Amos Wako to look into the need for law reform, repressive legislation such as the Preservation of Public Security Act, the Public Order Act, the Societies Act, the Nongovernmental Organization Coordination Act, the Chiefs' Authorities Act and the Local Authorities Act remained in force and in use. More positively, the much-vilified British expatriate chief justice, Alan Hancox, was replaced in March by Ghanaian judge Fred Apaloo, who indicated that he would be more supportive of an independent judiciary.
Extractions: International Institute for Labour Studies Social exclusion and Africa south of the Sahara: A review of the literature Chapter 1: CONCEPTS OF EXCLUSION In recent years notions of social exclusion have been increasingly used in discussions of poverty, inequality and justice. This is apparent in both political philosophy and sociology. In the former domain, Michael Walzer (1983) has argued that concepts of distributive justice assume (usually silently) the existence of a community within which rights are held and goods shared. Logically the rights to membership of a group is thus the most basic right, which depends on the admission policies (exclusionary and inclusionary practices) of the group. More critically, it has been suggested that liberalism, which is supposedly founded on ideas of equal treatment and universality, has, inherent within its foundations, exclusionary, discriminatory practices (see Mehta 1993). Pateman's discussion of the gender biases of classic and modern liberal texts powerfully illustrates this point (Pateman 1988). Within sociology, processes of exclusion have been used to understand on-going changes in (post-)industrial societies (see Silver 1992). In North America, Myrdal's concept of the "underclass", defined as "an unprivileged class of unemployed, unemployables and underemployed who are more and more hopelessly set apart from the nation at large and do not share in its life, its ambitions and its achievements" (Myrdal 1962:10), has received renewed attention through the work of Wilson. In France, debates surrounding citizenship, nationality, racism and immigration have focussed on the bases of entitlement to rights in the modern State. "L'exclusion sociale" has become a major political problem, and paralleling Walzer's discussion, the national construction of rights has been questioned. M. Silverman (1991:333-4) has argued that:
"The Right Question In The Right Spirit" By Ida Postma in the past hundred years have examined indigenous African beliefs with certain aspectsof the kikuyu religious teachings and Social Values of African peoples Ed http://www.theosophy-nw.org/theosnw/world/africa/my-ida5.htm
Extractions: By Ida Postma Ever since man gained self-consciousness and thus had the ability to look at himself objectively, he has tried to solve the riddle of his being. A mere transient from the portal of birth to the gateway of death, and poised midway between earth's teeming micro life-forms and the star-strewn vastness of the cosmos, he might have felt desolate and lost. The universe is founded on compassion, however, and the Helpers of the human race provided man, the frail but thinking reed, with a knowledge of the divine origin and sacred purpose of all creation, so he would be able to face the trials of his long evolution. These truths were deeply etched into his nascent mind, and in subsequent aeons were presented again and again, lest he forget them. And though they might each time appear to come as a new revelation, at their core they were perennially the same. Remnants of this primeval wisdom are to be found in most ancient traditions, and as they all flow from the same source it is not surprising that we can detect a certain similarity, regardless of geographic origin. As long as the West was so firmly in the grip of its own exclusive dogma, it fastened mainly on the exoteric diversity of form, while this commonality went largely unnoticed. By the end of the last century, however, the time had come for a broader outlook, and in her Secret Doctrine H. P. Blavatsky clearly showed the esoteric unity underlying the faiths of all times and places. She applied her interpreting vision to the philosophies of the Orient, to the beliefs of Greece and Rome, Egypt and Babylonia,, to the megalithic structures and the symbols carved in rock silent yet eloquent witnesses to archaic spiritual knowledge.
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA A LANDSCAPE OF POLITICAL INSTABILITY by a group's belief in a common origin (eg the Mande peoples trace a indigenous AFRICANCULTURE. of the Sahel region, Nuer of Sudan, Masia and kikuyu of Kenya http://www.geography.ccsu.edu/kyem/GEOG466_Africa/Culture and Conflicts in Afric
Kenya largest ethnic group, the kikuyu, have called SUDAN/indigenous peoples ThreatenedSudanese Nuba people celebrate Fishing activities in africa's largest inland http://www.oneworld.org/news/countries/KE.html
Extractions: From Inter Press Service, featured on the OneWorld News Service 27 February 1998 KENYA/FOOD: WFP Needs More Funds To Get Food to Refugees Some 125,000 refugees in camps in Dadaab, near Kenya's border with Somalia, face an acute shortage of food simply because there isn't enough money available for airlifting supplies to them, according to a U.N. official here. From Inter Press Service, featured on the OneWorld News Service 23 February 1998 ENVIRONMENT-HEALTH: Pesticides Pose Risk To African Farmers For many farmers in Africa, buying pesticides at the official price is like throwing away a large chunk of hard-earned income, so they opt for cheaper chemicals despite the health risks. From Inter Press Service, featured on the OneWorld News Service 20 February 1998 MEDIA: 5 journalists die in plane crash Five South African journalists, Derek Rodney of the Johannesburg "Independent", Patrick Wagner of "Getaway Magazine", Anton Schecper, a cameraman for M-net and Getaway Explorer, Herman Portger, a South African aviation photographer, and Roland Geigr, were among the nine people who perished when their light aircraft crashed in the Ngong Hills just outside Nairobi.
Africa97 pp. 121, indigenous Culture. african Male and Female Initiation into adulthood. Monday,D. Browne 243-272, kikuyu Clitoridectomy Controversy. peoples of africa pp. http://www.siue.edu/~dbrowne/anth310/anth310.html
Extractions: Course Description and Objectives: This course surveys a selected sample of the rich and diverse cultures that are Africa 's heritage. The cultures studied in this course are by no means exhaustive, rather they are indicative of the broad range of human cultures that Africa offers humanity. Enhanced appreciation of these cultures demonstrates Africa 's tremendous potential for development. The course begins with a brief historical review of Africa from its role as the cradle of humanity and the early development of civilization with impressive state systems, to its current uneven development which varies a great deal from country to country and culture to culture. The course will examine cultural features that assist and imped the efforts of new nations as they struggle to modernize. This is a WebCT assisted course and you can find your current grades online, as well as other features, such as a targeted syllabus by visiting my WebPage at, http://www.siue.edu/~dbrowne/.
Canadian Field Studies In Africa: Peoples And Cultures Of East Africa Resource Values on indigenous peoples Are Nonmarket Valuation Resource Values on indigenous peoples Are Nonmarket Valuation Water Management in East africa.". african Affairs http://www.langara.bc.ca/africa/course4.htm
Extractions: Click here to return to the course list. East Africa enjoys an extraordinary degree of social and cultural diversity, with representatives of all four of the major cultures families of the continent occurring in the region. How did this cultural variety arise, how does it relate to environmental diversity we find in East Africa? Amidst diversity how has the region evolved a high degree of social commonality and cohesion? This course will provide academic context for pursuing field study in East Africa. Including team teaching it will offer background to the history, politics, languages, and cultures of the region, and will focus on study of those societies visited during the program. These will include representatives of the major cultures of the region: Bantu, Nilotic and Cushitic-speakers. The course will includes an introductory overview of the peopling of East Africa, the emergence of ethic groups and evolution of the human use of natural resources, drawing on recent work in genetics archaeology, historical linguistic, and pre-colonial history. We will examine reports written by early explorers, who describe peoples encountered and their own responses to them, and will ask whether these documents reflect accurate accounts of East African societies, and in what ways might they be biased? We will investigate the structure and function of some major social institutions that characterize East Africa s culture groups, among them: local forms of agrarian economy, indigenous environmental knowledge; environmental adaptations, territory and political organization; kinship, age-organization, family, and domestic life; and cultural traditions ; oral literature, ritual, religion and music.
Extractions: Background Topic I: Introduction. a) Interaction of society. environment and development: models of development. 'modernization' vs indigenous development: rural/urban. agricultural/industrial development subsistence and commercial production land vs labor productivity: resource conservation. preservation. utilization notions of nature (b) Environment and development in East Africa. Ecological variation and development strategies concepts, of modernization and dependency. socialist and capitalist development, local exchange and markets-. the agrarian crisis: structural adjustment and its impact. Background Topic 2: Land tenure and Environment. The pastoral land crisis - commercialization. development and environmental policies. Tenure development and indigenous peoples: Indigenous tenure systems and the agrarian problem: common property, enclosure and privatization: state property: models of managing resources, the tragedy of the commons argument. how common property works: cultural perspectives on property. personhood and identity.
Mau Mau, Bibliography Cape Town, South africa Culemborg Publishers, 1956. Mau Mau indigenous PeoplesKenya- kikuyu (african People) - KenyaHistory, 1895-1955. http://users.skynet.be/terrorism/html/kenya_maumau.htm
Whoseland.com Back to Papers. indigenous peoples IN KENYA AN OVERVIEW alienation of indigenous peoples. In many parts of africa people are brief overview on indigenous peoples of Kenya is http://www.whoseland.com/rights6.html
Extractions: "Indigenous people" is a concept we now often encounter in discussions on human rights, democracy, political development and civil society. This has followed from the continuing and deepening crisis if human suffering on a larger scale I the political, social, economic and cultural field as well as human rights abuses. At the same time, there have been political responses to colonial and post colonial pressures and political alienation of indigenous peoples. In many parts of Africa people are looking for new perceptions and new solutions to old problems and difficulties and taking part in the global discussion on indigenous rights has become one of the strategies in the struggle for a just development. This brief overview on indigenous peoples of Kenya is supposed to serve as a guideline in defining, planning and prioritizing assistance to the poor, marginalised indigenous peoples of Kenya. It was requested as a further elaboration of MS's development assistance to Kenya. It begins by recalling definitions used to identify indigenous peoples in the world and in Africa, then it assesses the "indigenousness" of those groups of people who have been identified as indigenous in Kenya and their struggle for recognition and demands for fairness and justice. There is also a brief discussion on the relevance of MS's policy on indigenous peoples and a few points on strategies to be followed by potential donors in order to alleviate the suffering of indigenous peoples in the region.
