Product Description

This book examines US hegemony and international legitimacy in the post-Cold War era, focusing on its leadership in the two wars on Iraq.

The preference for unilateral action in foreign policy under the Bush Administration, culminating in the use of force against Iraq in 2003, has unquestionably created a crisis in the legitimacy of US global leadership. Of central concern is the ability of the United States to act without regard for the values and interests of its allies or for international law on the use of force, raising the question: does international legitimacy truly matter in an international system dominated by a lone superpower?

US Hegemony and International Legitimacy explores the relationship between international legitimacy and hegemonic power through an in depth examination of two case studies – the Gulf Crisis of 1990-91 and the Iraq Crisis of 2002-03 – and examines the extent to which normative beliefs about legitimate behaviour influenced the decisions of states to follow or reject US leadership. The findings of the book demonstrate that subordinate states play a crucial role in consenting to US leadership and endorsing it as legitimate and have a significant impact on the ability of a hegemonic state to maintain order with least cost. Understanding of the importance of legitimacy will be vital to any attempt to rehabilitate the global leadership credentials of the United States under the Obama Administration.

This book will be of much interest to students of US foreign policy, IR theory and security studies.

Lavina Rajendram Lee is a lecturer in the Department of Modern History, Politics and International Relations at Macquarie University, Australia, and has a PhD in International Relations from the University of Sydney.

Product Description
This digital document is an article from Harvard International Review, published by Harvard International Relations Council, Inc. on June 22, 2003. The length of the article is 1171 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: Bigger guns, more missiles: China's Military modernization and US policy. (Review Essays).(Modernizing China's Military: Progress, Problems, and Prospects)(Book Review)
Author: Fei-Ling Wang
Publication: Harvard International Review (Refereed)
Date: June 22, 2003
Publisher: Harvard International Relations Council, Inc.
Volume: 25Issue: 2Page: 80(2)

Article Type: Book Review

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This digital document is an article from Security Management, published by Thomson Gale on September 1, 2005. The length of the article is 603 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: Situational awareness in the US military Situational Readiness in corporate security.
Publication: Security Management (Magazine/Journal)
Date: September 1, 2005
Publisher: Thomson Gale
Volume: 49Issue: 9Page: 115(1)

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How can the United States guard against a clever unknown enemy while still preserving the freedoms it holds dear? Hulnick explains the need to revamp U.S. intelligence operations from a system focused on a single Cold War enemy to one offering more flexibility in combating non-state actors (including terrorists, spies, and criminals) like those responsible for the attacks of September 11, 2001. Offering possible solutions not to be found in the federal commission's official report, Hulnick's groundbreaking work examines what is really necessary to make intelligence and homeland security more efficient and competent, both at within the United States and abroad.

The U.S. government's progress in establishing a system for homeland security is considerable, yet, besides shifts in alert status, most U.S. residents are unaware of the work being done to keep them safe. Describing the system already in place, Hulnick adds further ideas about what more is needed to protect Americans in the ever-changing world of intelligence. To create a truly valuable program, it is suggested the the United States consider not only new strategies and tactics, but also the need to break down the barriers between intelligence agencies and law enforcement.

Customer Reviews (4)

TL2
This is a very disappointing book. Arthur Hulnick is certainly a very knowledgeable and perceptive observer of the U.S. Intelligence Community (IC). He also understands the collection and analytic processes that are the core of the IC. Yet this book still disappoints for three primary reasons.

First, time has passed this book by. After the book was written, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) got a new director in one Michael Chertoff and set up its own intelligence office under Charlie Allen with whom I am sure Hulnick is familiar. It also was written before the Hurricane Katrina debacle that revealed a highly dysfunctional DHS and its subordinate Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). In the same manner the book was written before Ambassador John Negroponte was appointed as Director of National Intelligence (DNI) and under whose stewardship the Office of DNI grew into a major bureaucracy (some 1,500 employees and rising) while avoiding any substantive reforms of the IC. One can only speculate what Hulnick would have concluded about DHS and DNI had this book been written in 2006 not 2004.

Second, Hulnick appears primarily interested in defending the performance of the IC against criticism that arose after the surprise of 9/11 and in the dubious intelligence that was used to fuel Operation Iraqi Freedom. While he is correct that much of these criticisms were unfair, it is also true that the IC as a whole and CIA in particular could have done a lot better than they did in both instances. Indeed some of Hulnick's comments appear very one sided. For example, he points out that in his experience the clandestine CIA officers he encountered were always knowledgeable, target smart, and culturally sensitive. Yet this is not a complete picture. Would he have us believe that there are no mediocre or incompetent officers? Experience would suggest that CIA, like the IC as a whole, has more than its share of mediocre or incompetent officers.

Third, Hulnick appears reluctant to actually investigate any real reforms of the IC and the way it does business. To his credit he does recognize David A. Steele as the leading advocate for more effective use of open sources by the IC. Yet he does not acknowledge that Steele also has advocated a profound transformation of the way the IC does business.Hulnick recognizes the need to transform the culture of CIA, but only in terms of improving the co-operation between it Directorate of Intelligence and it Directorate of Operations. This like the other reforms he advocates can only be classed as too little too late.

All in all his first book "Fixing the Intelligence Machine" (Amazon.com) is by far the better book.

Restructuring Intelligence By An Expert
The photo of the little girl at the airport pulling her own suitcase over the bars to enter the Threat Level Orange alert station was so cute, I thought this book would be on a level for an ordinary U. S. citizen to know what is going on.However, it is written by a former intelligence officer with inside knowledge of what has been happening and how it could be improved to insure our saftety both here in America and abroad.

He is a retired CIA officer who now teaches in Boston but he brings his insider's viewpoint to the updated research of the U. S. intelligence community as a reformer about intelligence (spy) reform.He wants to make us feel safe without denying our documented freedoms according to the Constitution of the United States in his liberty and security section.He calls this the ever-changing world of intelligence and seeks ways to break down the barriers between intelligence agencies and law enforcement.He is of the mind to restructure the intelligence game.

We sometimes need to be protected from the homeland security which is supposed to protect us.A guard at the metal detection center at the front door of the govt. building insisted on seeing my I.D.!!!! When I willingly showed him my Tennessee drivers licence with my photo, he confiscated it and would not return it (even though I am a native of this town, small in stature, white, female, of no danger to anyone); he held onto it until it was confirmed by the local police (perhaps he called the FBI, who knows?) that I have NOTHING, no record of criminal activity of any kind.A Clean Record, but he refused to believe it!I was treated as a criminal and denied my rights to my property -- the only I.D. I had which he kept hostage as I stood there crying.

Mr. Hulnick calls the Iraqis "a clever unknown enemy" and non-state actors (terrorists, spies, and criminals) emphasizing that "we need to understand the enemy, who he is and all about espionage."He gives a long list of acronyms we use in the States; some of the most unusual are:

CREEP -- Committee to Reelect the President (sounds about right!)
ELF -- Earth Liberation Front (what's that got to do with U.S.?)
ICE -- Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement (they need some heat to get them going, I think -- a pun)
CATIC -- Chinces National Aerotechnology Import and Export Corp.
JETRO -- Japanese External Trade Organization
SARS -- Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (we'll all have it if a real alert sounds)
WAV -- Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (like in the movie STEALTH)
WMD -- Seapons of Mass Destruction
HUMINT -- Human Intelligence

Previously, he wrote a book in 1999, FIXING THE SPY MACHINE.He has an index and pages of notes on each chapter.He thought long and hard about this problem and presents here his solution to what we are doing wrong.

Covers the foundations of secret intelligence efforts
How can the United States guard against terrorists? Arthur S. Hulnick's Keeping Us Safe: Secret Intelligence And Homeland Security covers the foundations of secret intelligence efforts and homeland security issues alike, explaining the need to revamp US intelligence operations to one more flexible in handling modern terrorist activities. The U.S. government's progress in establishing homeland security processes has been considerable, but more work is needed - and more adjustment of systems: Hulnick shows just where work should be revised to create a valuable program with new strategies and tactics.

Great easy read with well researched details
I was fortunate enough to study under Art Hulnick as an undergraduate.He is a fascinating man with an intelligence background that started in the Air Force intelligence, then moved to the CIA where he stayed for about 30 years.He told some great stories about how George Bush Sr (when he was Director of Central Intelligence) would visit his office and sit on the corner of his desk.He is now (I certainly think) one of the best professors that Boston University has and is still an active leader in the examination of the intelligence process.
If you have an interest in how the intelligence community works, what is going on with it now, or want to take your love of Spy movies to the academic level, this is a great read.It is not dry, but instead a great source of information without being sensationalist.
This is a well written book, and it is CURRENT, which is a priority for me.In ten years though the explanations it lays out and the issues it addresses will still be relevant.
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Product Description
The US Rangers were formed in 1942 after Major General Lucian K. Truscott, US Army Liaison with the British General Staff, argued that 'we undertake immediately an American unit along the lines of the British Commandos'. The name Ranger was selected 'in compliment to those in American history who exemplified the high standards of courage, initiative, determination and ruggedness, fighting ability and achievement'.

William Orlando Darby, a graduate of West Point with amphibious training, was chosen to command and he performed a near miracle in organizing the unit within a few weeks from thousands of applicants from 1st Armored Division and 34th Infantry, both of which were based in Ireland.

The 1st Ranger Battalion was officially activated at Carrickfergus, Ireland on 19 June 1942. Its first action was at Dieppe when some 50-odd men took part in the raid, but the first major use of Rangers was when as a spearhead to the North African invasion.

Later in Tunisia the 1st Battalion executed the first Ranger behind-the-lines night raid at Sened. On 31 March 1943 Rangers led General Patton's drive to capture the heights of El Guettar and won the unit's first Presidential Citation. After Tunisia, the 3rd and 4th Ranger Battalions were activated and Rangers would go on to take part in the invasions of Sicily and Italy. Rangers spearheaded the night landings at Anzio, and during the invasion of Normandy the 2nd Ranger Battalion carried out a desperate mission when it assaulted, captured and held German artillery positions atop the cliffs of Pointe Du Hoc.

Packed with numerous excellent quality photos, maps and details of insignia. ... Read more

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Terrorism and the Law of War: Trying Terrorists as War Criminals before Military Commissions

Congressional Research Service Report for Congress

....On November 13, 2001, President Bush signed a Military Order pertaining to the
detention, treatment, and trial of certain non-citizens as part of the war against
terrorism. The order makes clear that the President views the crisis that began on the
morning of September 11 as an attack “on a scale that has created a state of armed
conflict that requires the use of the United States Armed Forces.” The order finds
that the effective conduct of military operations and prevention of military attacks
make it necessary to detain certain non-citizens and if necessary, to try them “for
violations of the laws of war and other applicable laws by military tribunals.”
The unprecedented nature of the September attacks and the magnitude of
damage and loss of life they caused have led a number of officials and commentators
to assert that the acts are not just criminal acts, they are “acts of war.” The
President’s Military Order makes it apparent that he plans to treat the attacks as acts
of war rather than criminal acts. The distinction may have more than rhetorical
significance. Treating the attacks as violations of the international law of war could
allow the United States to prosecute those responsible as war criminals, trying them
by special military commission rather than in federal court....




Congressional Research Service

The Congressional Research Service (CRS) serves shared staff to congressional committees and Members of Congress. CRS experts assist at every stage of the legislative process — from the early considerations that precede bill drafting, through committee hearings and floor debate, to the oversight of enacted laws and various agency activities.

CRS's analytic capabilities integrate multiple disciplines and research methodologies. In a fast-paced, ever-changing environment, CRS provides Congress with the vital, analytical support it needs to address the most complex public policy issues facing the nation. Its work incorporates program and legislative expertise, quantitative methodologies, and legal and economic analysis. ... Read more

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Alan Edward Nourse's classic work
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In January 2002, President George W. Bush declared Iran, Iraq, and North Korea constituents of an "axis of evil." US strategy toward each of these countries has clearly varied since, yet similar issues and policy options have emerged for US relations with all three. Reshaping Rogue States seeks to improve our understanding of Iran, Iraq, and North Korea as well as of current and future policy options to combat the threats these nations pose. The book's comprehensive analysis of preemption and regime change debates the circumstances under which each policy might be justified or legal under international law. Prominent strategists and policymakers consider alternatives to preemption—including prevention, counterproliferation, and cooperative security—and draw conclusions from efforts to bring about regime change in the past.

Reshaping Rogue States also reviews the differing policy challenges presented by each so-called axis member. Specifically, it considers how the United States might strike a balance with North Korea through multilateral negotiations; the changes within Iran that call for changes in US policy; and the dilemmas the United States faces in post-Saddam Iraq, including continuing insurgency, instability, and the feasibility of democracy. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (1)

Background to the Candidates Snippets
In spite of the heavy political name calling, the foundation for President Bush's preemptive attack in Iran has some justification under international law, as does prevention, regime change -- all under the guise of cooperative security. In January 2002, President Bush declared Iran, Iraq and North Korea an 'axis of evil.' By so doing, he has created options of how to deal with them.

In this book, some 21 thinkers - from universities, think tanks, and governmental organizations all around the world have contributed articles discussing how to change these states for the betterment of the world community. These individual essays are collected together and edited by Lennon and Eiss of the Center for Strategic and International Studies.

If you want to know more than the little snippets coming out of the candidates, this is a most interesting book. ... Read more

Product Description
This digital document is an article from APS Diplomat Fate of the Arabian Peninsula, published by Arab Press Service on January 7, 2008. The length of the article is 410 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: Resisting Congress Pressure To Lower US Military Strength.
Author: Unavailable
Publication: APS Diplomat Fate of the Arabian Peninsula (Newsletter)
Date: January 7, 2008
Publisher: Arab Press Service
Volume: 55Issue: 1

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Product Description
This digital document is an article from APS Diplomat Strategic Balance in the Middle East, published by Pam Stein/Input Solutions on September 13, 2004. The length of the article is 459 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: Zawahiri Predicts US Defeat.(Ayman Al-Zawahiri's view of military intervention by United States)
Publication: APS Diplomat Strategic Balance in the Middle East (Newsletter)
Date: September 13, 2004
Publisher: Pam Stein/Input Solutions
Volume: 48Issue: 3

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For millennia, policymakers, statesmen, and scholars have grappled with questions about the concept of victory in war. How long does it take to achieve victory and how do we know when victory is achieved? And, as highlighted by the wars against Afghanistan and Iraq, is it possible to win a war and yet lose the peace? The premise of this book is that we do not have a modern theory about victory and that, in order to answer these questions, we need one. This book explores historical definitions of victory, how victory has evolved, and how it has been implemented in war. It also subsequently develops the intellectual foundations of a modern pre-theory of victory, and discusses the military instruments necessary for victory in the twenty-first century using case studies that include U.S. military intervention in Panama, Libya, Persian Gulf War, Bosnia/Kosovo, Afghanistan, and Iraq. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (1)

A REMARKABLE ACHIEVEMENT
A fresh, original, pioneering book that adds a new roadmap to thinking about military endeavers. Like any good philosophical work, there is an emphasis on precision in language. The Book begins with 9/11. President Bush declared victory in Iraq after several weeks of combat operations. Since we're still stuck there, what did he mean? In the introduction, the author addresses two major questions. "...there is no theory or precise language that permits policymakers, military officials and the public to agree on what 'victory' means or when 'victory' has been attained." Second: "...humans have been waging war for the past six thousand years without a framework for victory, and yet have successively waged wars. How can this be so? Is a theory of victory something distinct from a military strategy in war or a theory of war. What do we gain by developing one? How would such a theory fit into modern defense planning?" The author modestly describes this book as only the first step.
The next two chapters, beginning with Sun Tzu, provide a useful summary of the major military thinkers. They conclude with the problems arising from nuclear warfare. Remember the "nuclear winter" discussions of the late eighties. Victory would be meaningless. However, the War on Terror has restored the concept of victory to the language.
He spends the next two chapters exploring what could be meant by "victory" and the definition problems. They cover in detail the American concept of "victory" arising from our history. The next six chapters provide thoughts on selected American military actions post vietnam, beginning with the raid on Lobya. The next chapter discusses military power and the concept of victory. In the final analysis, successful occupation by ground forces is the ultimate seal. The contribution and limitations of navel and airpower are recognized.
The concluding chapter outlines possible avenues for future scholarship to build on what the author started. As readers might expect, the writing is dense and somewhat repetitive with a social science flavor. It should not deter anyone from tackling this book because of its importance.
In all my years of reading about military affairs and history, I've never encountered anything quite like the ideas in this volume. There's nothing comparable in my extensive personal military history library. His call for new thinking is a critical appeal since we've embarked on the heartrending struggle in Iraq. Without a clear idea of what we expected to achieve, there's no wonder we find ourselves in such straits. The real tragedy is that fine young people are dying there for an undefined purpose. This book could not be more timely. I urge everyone to read it. ... Read more

Product Description
This digital document is an article from Harvard International Review, published by Thomson Gale on March 22, 2004. The length of the article is 3321 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: Doctrinal divisions: the politics of US military interventions.(Interventionism)
Author: Jon Western
Publication: Harvard International Review (Magazine/Journal)
Date: March 22, 2004
Publisher: Thomson Gale
Volume: 26Issue: 1Page: 46(5)

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This digital document is an article from Harvard International Review, published by Harvard International Relations Council, Inc. on September 22, 2003. The length of the article is 2953 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: From the trenches: multilateralism in US military interventions.(An interview with Wesley Clark)(Interview)
Publication: Harvard International Review (Refereed)
Date: September 22, 2003
Publisher: Harvard International Relations Council, Inc.
Volume: 25Issue: 3Page: 90(4)

Article Type: Interview

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Product Description
This digital document is an article from Harvard International Review, published by Harvard International Relations Council, Inc. on September 22, 2002. The length of the article is 3023 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: The restrained hegemon: political limits to US military power. (World in Review).
Author: Caitlin Talmadge
Publication: Harvard International Review (Refereed)
Date: September 22, 2002
Publisher: Harvard International Relations Council, Inc.
Volume: 24Issue: 3Page: 26(5)

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Trial of the Major War Criminals before the International Military Tribunal
Nuremberg, 14 November 1945 - 1 October 1946
This is Volume 1 of a 42-volume series, This volume contains over 350 pages and is the official record of the trial of the major civilian and military leaders of Nazi Germany who were accused of war crimes. The accused were: Hermann Wilhelm Göring, Rudolf Hess, Joachim von Ribbentrop, Robert Ley, Wilhelm Keitel, Ernst Kaltenbrunner, Alfred Rosenberg, Hans Frank, Wilhelm Frick, Julius Streicher, Walter Funk, Hjalmar Schacht, Gustav Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach, Karl Dönitz, Erich Raeder, Baldur von Schirach, Fritz Sauckel, Alfred Jodl, Martin Bormann, Franz von Papen, Arthur Seyss-Inquart, Albert Speer, Constantin von Neurath, and Hans Fritzsche. The International Military Tribunal, under the jurisdiction of the Allied Control Authority for Germany, directed the publication of this series.The London Agreement of 8 August 1945 established the tribunal, which was composed of one member and an alternate from each of the four Allied countries: the French Republic, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and the United States of America.English, French, German, and Russian were the languages used throughout the hearings. Documents entered into evidence were reproduced in this series only in the original language, but as the result of the absence of a Soviet editorial staff, none of the Russian-language documents were published.
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Product Description
This digital document is an article from World Policy Journal, published by World Policy Institute on September 22, 1994. The length of the article is 5768 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

From the supplier: The US's lack of motivation to intervene in the affairs of other countries after the end of the Cold War has given impetus to a policy of detachment in foreign issues as advocated by the Conservative right. The US's ideological aim to spread democracy remains the strongest motive for interventionism. After the Cold War, the US foreign policy elites have lost their credibility and cannot justify their foreign involvement on the basis of national interest, but only on strong security threats.

Citation Details
Title: The lure of detachment. (change in US's foreign policy after Cold War from interventionism to detachment)
Author: Ronald Steel
Publication: World Policy Journal (Refereed)
Date: September 22, 1994
Publisher: World Policy Institute
Volume: v11Issue: n3Page: p61(9)

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This digital document is an article from APS Diplomat Recorder, published by Arab Press Service on October 25, 2008. The length of the article is 472 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: IRAQ - Oct 22 - Maliki Leads Objections To US Troop Proposal.
Author: Unavailable
Publication: APS Diplomat Recorder (Newsletter)
Date: October 25, 2008
Publisher: Arab Press Service
Volume: 71Issue: 18

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This digital document is an article from APS Diplomat Recorder, published by Arab Press Service on November 15, 2008. The length of the article is 577 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: IRAQ - Nov 11 - Iraqi Cabinet Meets To Mull Latest Draft Of US Security Pact.
Author: Unavailable
Publication: APS Diplomat Recorder (Newsletter)
Date: November 15, 2008
Publisher: Arab Press Service
Volume: 71Issue: 21

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This digital document is an article from APS Diplomat Recorder, published by Arab Press Service on November 1, 2008. The length of the article is 383 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: ARAB US RELATIONS - Oct 29 - US Begins Review Of Iraq Draft Amendment Proposals.
Author: Unavailable
Publication: APS Diplomat Recorder (Newsletter)
Date: November 1, 2008
Publisher: Arab Press Service
Volume: 71Issue: 19

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Product Description
This digital document is an article from APS Diplomat Recorder, published by Pam Stein/Input Solutions on June 23, 2001. The length of the article is 319 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: IRAQ - June 19 - US Experts Accuse Baghdad Of Buying Prohibited Weapons.(Brief Article)
Publication: APS Diplomat Recorder (Newsletter)
Date: June 23, 2001
Publisher: Pam Stein/Input Solutions
Volume: 54Issue: 25Page: NA

Article Type: Brief Article

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