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Superconductivity is the ability of certain materials to conduct electrical current with no resistance and extremely low losses. High temperature superconductors, such as La2-xSrxCuOx (Tc=40K) and YBa2Cu3O7-x (Tc=90K), were discovered in 1987 and have been actively studied since. In spite of an intense, world-wide, research effort during this time, a complete understanding of the copper oxide (cuprate) materials is still lacking. Many fundamental questions are unanswered, particularly the mechanism by which high-Tc superconductivity occurs. More broadly, the cuprates are in a class of solids with strong electron-electron interactions. An understanding of such "strongly correlated" solids is perhaps the major unsolved problem of condensed matter physics with over ten thousand researchers working on this topic.
High-Tc superconductors also have significant potential for applications in technologies ranging from electric power generation and transmission to digital electronics. This ability to carry large amounts of current can be applied to electric power devices such as motors and generators, and to electricity transmission in power lines. For example, superconductors can carry as much as 100 times the amount of electricity of ordinary copper or aluminum wires of the same size.

This volume presents new and significant research on yttrium barium copper oxide superconductors, often abbreviated YBCO, is a chemical compound with the formula YBa2Cu3O7. This material, a famous "high-temperature superconductor", achieved prominence because it was the first material to superconduct above the boiling point of nitrogen.
All materials developed before YBCO became superconducting only at temperatures near the boiling points of liquid helium or liquid hydrogen (Tb = 20.1 K). The significance of the discovery of YBCO is the breakthrough in the refrigerant used to cool the material to below the critical temperature. ... Read more

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Magnesium diboride (MgB2) is an inexpensive and simple superconductor. Its superconductivity was announced in the journal 'Nature' in March 2001. Its critical temperature of 39 K is the highest amongst conventional superconductors. This material was first synthesised and its structure confirmed in 1953 but its superconducting properties were not discovered until half a century later. Though a conventional (phonon-mediated) superconductor, it is a rather unusual one. Its electronic structure is such that there exist two types of electrons at the Fermi level with widely differing behaviours, one of them being much more strongly superconducting than the other. This is at odds with usual theories of phonon-mediated superconductivity which assume that all electrons behave in the same manner. For this reason, theoretical understanding of the properties of MgB2 has not yet been achieved, particularly so in the presence of a magnetic field. This book presents leading research in this field. ... Read more

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The focus of this volume is the microstructures andrelated aspects of HTS and thus it forms the sequel (or the Part-II)to the earlier Vol. 28 of the book series, which also had themicrostructures as its mainstay.The chapters comprising the presentvolume bring out a host of fresh insights into the growth morphology,defect structures and the structure property relationships in variousHTS systems.Closely related to the problem of microstructures is theimportant issue of the damage mechanics involved in the sampleprocessing, which also forms one of the chapters of this volume.Given its interdisciplinary premise the "Studies of High TemperatureSuperconductors: is aimed at professional scientists and engineers, aswell as graduate students of physics, chemistry, materials science,solid state electronics and engineering. ... Read more

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This book contains eight chapters. The first three focus on three different layered systems, namely, mercurocuprate, BSCCO and RE-123 and present exciting features like their unusual chemistry, vortex physics and novel characteristics of the multilayers formed with some of them. The remaining five chapters of the volume describe studies carried out on recently discovered magnesium diboride, which superconducts at 39K. New and interesting work has been presented which describes, noteworthy advances in their flux pinning and mechanical properties and also bring out their future potential as this films and SQUID devices. ... Read more

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Superconductivity is the ability of certain materials to conduct electrical current with no resistance and extremely low losses. High temperature superconductors, such as La2-xSrxCuOx (Tc=40K) and YBa2Cu3O7-x (Tc=90K), were discovered in 1987 and have been actively studied since. In spite of an intense world-wide research, a complete understanding of the copper oxide (cuprate) materials is still lacking. Many fundamental questions are unanswered, particularly the mechanism by which high-Tc superconductivity occurs. More broadly, the cuprates are in a class of solids with strong electron-electron interactions. An understanding of such 'strongly correlated' solids is perhaps the major unsolved problem of condensed matter physics with over ten thousand researchers working on this topic.High-Tc superconductors also have significant potential for applications in technologies ranging from electric power generation and transmission to digital electronics. This ability to carry large amounts of current can be applied to electric power devices such as motors and generators, and to electricity transmission in power lines.For example, superconductors can carry as much as 100 times the amount of electricity of ordinary copper or aluminium wires of the same size.This Publication presents new research on yttrium barium copper oxide superconductors, often abbreviated YBCO, which is a chemical compound with the formula YBa2Cu3O7. This material, a famous 'high-temperature superconductor', achieved prominence because it was the first material to superconduct above the boiling point of nitrogen. All materials developed before YBCO became superconducting only at temperatures near the boiling points of liquid helium or liquid hydrogen (Tb = 20.1 K). The significance of the discovery of YBCO is the breakthrough in the refrigerant used to cool the material to below the critical temperature. ... Read more

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This 35th volume of the "Studies" is devoted to the technologically important BSCCO system.It focuses on a host of topics such as the synthesis and fabrication of conductors, superconducting BSCCO magnets, and the basic technological properties of the material in relation to the microstructure.The authors are distinguished in the field, working in different parts of the world, maintaining the international character of the series. ... Read more

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Organic Superconductors is an introduction to organic conductors and superconductors and a review of the current status of the field. First, organic conductors are described, then the structures and electronic properties of organic superconductors are discussed, illustrated with examples of typical compounds. The book deals in detail with theories of the mechanism of superconductivity, and more briefly with spin-density waves. The design, principle, and synthesis of organic superconductors are also described. This second edition covers the research activities of the last few years. ... Read more

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In this text experts review experimental studies thatdirectly reveal the relationship between the atomicstructure and physical behavior of high-Tcsuperconductors.The thorough discussion centers on twins, twin boundaries,the vortex lattice, and magnetic and mechanical propertiesin connection with structural imperfections. Particularattention is paid to the role of the oxygen atom intheY-Ba-Cu-O and La-Cu-O species. The experimental methodsevaluated include electron and X-ray diffraction, electronmicroscopy, and M|ssbauerspectroscopy.This book makes extraordinarily valuable data obtainedatthe Institute of Solid State Physics at Chernogolovkaaccessible tothe wider international community ofresearchers in superconductivity. ... Read more

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The mainstay of this book is the progress made in the field of Josephson Junction Arrays. Both experimental and theoretical developments are presented in thirteen chapters, written by some of the very eminent and most active researchers in the field. In all, there are 28 contributors to the present volume, from 11 different countries and thus keeping up with the international character of the series. ... Read more

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High-Temperature Cuprate Superconductors provides an up-to-date and comprehensive review of the properties of these fascinating materials. The essential properties of high-temperature cuprate superconductors are reviewed on the background of their theoretical interpretation. The experimental results for structural, magnetic, thermal, electric, optical and lattice properties of various cuprate superconductors are presented with respect torelevant theoretical models. A critical comparison of various theoretical models involving strong electron correlations, antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations, phonons and excitons provides a background for understanding of the mechanism of high-temperature superconductivity. Recent achievements in their applications are also reviewed. A large number of illustrations and tables gives valuable information for specialists. A text-book level presentation with formulation of a general theory of strong-coupling superconductivity will help students and researches to consolidate their knowledge of this remarkable class of materials. ... Read more

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This book presents theoretical as well as experimental articles focused on recent new results in high temperature superconductivity. All contributors are high ranking scientists who have done major work to enhance the understanding of this phenomenon. A few articles deal with ferroelectricity and its applications. The book is dedicated to Prof. Dr. K. Alex Müller on his 80th birthday. During his scientific career he made major advances in the understanding of ferroelectricity.

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Contents: Transport AC Losses in Bi-2223 High Tc Multifilamentary Tapes; Numerical Calculation of AC Losses in HTS Wires; AC Loss in Supeconducting Power Cables; Studies of Vortex Localisation by Columnar Defects in High Temperature Superconductors; Superconductivity and Structure in La2-x Mx CuO4, (M:Ba, Sr and Nd, Sr); About the Extended t-J Model and Stripe Phases; Spin Stripe Dimerisation in the t-J Model; Subject Index. ... Read more

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The dynamic developments in high-temperature superconductivity over the last three years has augmented the importance of materials research not only for applications, but also for the understanding of underlying physical phenomena. The discovery of new superconductors has opened up new facets of High T c research, and the perfection of already known materials has enabled reliable physical measurements to be carried out, providing a foundation for theoretical models. The papers in this volume present an overview of the recent developments in the field of High T c -materials research. One of the highlights of this meeting was the plenary lecture by the Nobel laureate K. Alex Muller on the importance of the apical oxygen phenomena which are strongly connected with T c changes. ... Read more

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Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Organic Conductors, Superconductors and Magnets: From Synthesis to Molecular Electronics, held in Corfu, Greece from April 29 to May 11, 2003. ... Read more