61. Sun Singer - Global Community - Indigenous of East Africa, from the Wichí of argentina to the indigenous tribes of West Papua,from the Innu in eastern Canada to the 'Bushman' peoples of southern Africa http://www.sunsinger.org/refs/indigenous.php

62. Observaciones Sobre La Declaracion Nov 12-99-en OBSERVATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF argentina ON THE PROPOSED AMERICANDECLARATION ON THE RIGHTS OF indigenous peoples (CP/doc.2878/97). http://www.summit-americas.org/Indigenous/W-Group-Oct99/Argentina-en.htm

MEETING OF GOVERNMENT EXPERTS TO ANALYZE THE "PROPOSED AMERICAN DECLARATION ON THE RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS POPULATIONS" February 10 - 12, 1999 Washington, D.C. OEA/Ser.K/XVI RECIDIN/INF.3/99 1 February 1999 Original: Spanish OBSERVATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF ARGENTINA ON THE "PROPOSED AMERICAN DECLARATION ON THE RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES" (CP/doc.2878/97) PERMANENT MISSION OF THE ARGENTINE REPUBLIC TO THE ORGANIZATION OF AMERICAN STATES Ministry of Foreign Affairs, International Trade, and Worship The Government of the Argentine Republic presents its compliments to the Executive Secretary of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights in order to transmit the comments and observations on the Proposed American Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (Document OEA/Ser/L/V/II.95 of 2/26/97). Expanding upon the comments and observations made in November 1996 on the working draft of the American Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (document OEA/Ser/L/V/II.95 doc.9 rev. 1 of 9/20/95), the Argentine Government recommends amending the current ninth preambular paragraph of the " Proposed Declaration " as follows:

63. WHO Sounds Alarm On State Of Indigenous Health A study prepared for the WHO by Ethel Wara Alderete, of the National Universityof Jujuy in argentina, reveals that indigenous peoples found on all http://www.tips.org/IPS/human.NSF/86afef403a5ab0ca802565b0004cc6df/4ec6cfab6d28a

64. Indigenous Peoples' Rights & Advocacy Organizations Ialek Lav'a Casilla de Correo 36 2728 Melincue (Sante Fe) argentina. CoordinatingBody for the indigenous peoples' Organization of the Amazon Basin Jiro Larco http://www.aaanet.org/committees/cfhr/orgindig.htm

Academic Relations Ethics Government Relations Public Policy ... Minority Issues E-mail address: Password: Forgot password? Need help? Press Room Members in the News ... Administer a Listing Max Rows: Go to AAA Home Note: There is a wide variety of organizations involved with human rights and indigenous peoples. Some of these organizations, along with their addresses, are listed below. African Rights 11 Marshallsea Road London SE1 1EP United Kingdom Alliance for Taiwan Aborigines 5F, 7 Cheng Kuong Road, Sec. 2 Yung-Ho, Taipei, Taiwan Amanaka'a Amazon Network 339 Lafayette St, Se. 8 New York, NY 10012 Amnesty International 322 Eighth Avenue New York, NY 10001 Anthropology Resource Center P.O. Box 15266 Washington, DC 20003-0266 Anti-Slavery International 180 Brixton Road London SW9 6AT United Kingdom Arctic to Amazonia Alliance P.O. Box 73

65. Joint Project Works To Assure Voice Of Indigenous Peoples In Sustainable Develop a third meeting was held in San Carlos de Bariloche, argentina, last May to meet withdifferent sectors of society, as well as with indigenous peoples from the http://www.ncsdnetwork.org/global/newsletter/9809/english/indigenous.htm

Network The Newsletter for National Councils for Sustainable Development Volume #2 September 1998 Issue #3 Joint Project Works to Assure Voice of Indigenous Peoples in Sustainable Development In May 1996, the Earth Council and the Fetzer Institute joined forces to initiate a project with indigenous spiritual leaders and elders. In addition to strengthening indigenous peoples' capacity to influence decision-making mechanisms, the project has worked to recuperate, preserve, and strengthen the spiritual and cultural values, traditional knowledge, and translate them into a balanced relationship with Mother Earth and, therefore, into sustainable practices. The Indigenous Peoples, Mother Earth, and Spirituality Project, as it is called, met in San José, Costa Rica, in May and August 1996, where an action plan was developed and a Spiritual Consultative Council was formed. It was within this context that a third meeting was held in San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina, last May. On this occasion, the members of the Spiritual Consultative Council discussed issues relating to education, traditional knowledge and sustainable practices. Additionally, the gathering provided the members of the council with the opportunity to meet with different sectors of society, as well as with indigenous peoples from the host country. Finally, the meeting included review and assessment of the work done during the year prior, with an exchange of information and experience among the members of the council.

66. Machu Picchu Declaration On Democracy, The Rights Of Indigenous Peoples And The of indigenous peoples and the War against Poverty The Presidents of the AndeanCommunity Member Countries, in the presence of the Presidents of argentina, http://www.comunidadandina.org/ingles/document/machu_picchu28-7-01.htm

CAN Acts, Declarations and Agreements Machu Picchu Declaration on Democracy, the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and the War against Poverty The Presidents of the Andean Community Member Countries, in the presence of the Presidents of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Panama, Paraguay, and Uruguay, the Prince of Asturias, and the Secretary General of the Andean Community, gathered for the assumption by Dr. Alejandro Toledo of the Presidency of Peru, have adopted the following: Machu Picchu Declaration on Democracy, the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and the War against Poverty BEARING IN MIND that our political systems are grounded in democracy, respect for human rights, and the basic freedoms; BEARING IN MIND the interrelationship and mutual involvement that exist among democracy, human rights, peace, social development, and the war on poverty; CONSIDERING that the multicultural and multiethnic nature of our countries was an essential element in the formation of the nationalities and the historical identity of our nations; and that it continues to be an essential characteristic of the human and social wealth of our societies, as in the past;

67. Wichí: Fighting For Survival In Argentina The 20000 to 50000 Wichí living in southeastern Bolivia and northern argentina, in a semiarid Category Society Ethnicity indigenous People South America...... northwestern argentina and, ultimately, Chile with Brazil and the Pacific with theAtlantic. This ’development’ process means that indigenous peoples will http://saiic.nativeweb.org/ayn/wichi.html

In 1991 the Indians, working with Survival International, an NGO based in England, prepared a land claim report that demonstrated that at least 162,000 acres spread over the two State Plots traditionally belonged to them. Later that year, the provincial Governor signed a decree (No. 2609/91) recognizing that the area was indeed Indigenous land, and pledging to recognize this in law. The succeeding Salta government failed to take any decisive action, and allowed the situation to deteriorate dramatically. Shortly before leaving office at the end of last year, the same government presented a draft land bill to the provincial parliament that is completely against the interests of the Indians and, if approved, would deprive them of huge tracts of their territory. Compiled with permission from publications of: Survival for Tribal Peoples; 11-15 Emerald Street; London WC1N 3QL; United Kingdom; phone: 0171-242-1441; fax: 0171-242-1771; email: survival@gn.apc.org For the Titling of Our Land: Takeover of the International Bridge Over the Pilcomayo River (La Paz) Many years have passed since we requested the government of Salta province, Argentina, to officially grant us title to the land that we have always inhabited. We have sent letters. Meetings take place, new laws and decrees are passed, and yet more topographic studies... We are now in the fourth administration. Yet they have not responded to our demands. Years pass and our lands become impoverished, because the people who have come from the outside to occupy them Know not how to manage them. Years pass and we become poorer.

68. United Nations High Commissioner For Human Rights International Alliance of indigenous. Tribal peoples of the Tropical Forest. InternationalOrganization of indigenous Resource Development*. argentina / argentina. http://www.firstpeoples.org/indigenouslist.htm

(back to homepage) United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights International Decade of the World’s Indigenous People List of organizations December / Diciembre 2002 NOTE Indigenous organizations with consultative status with the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC). Organizations of indigenous people authorized to participate in the Working Group established in accordance with Commission on Human Rights res. 1995/32 of 3 March 1995. INTERNATIONAL/INTERNACIONAL – REGIONAL/REGIONAL Asia Indigenous Peoples Pact -AIPP- 208/1 Sookkasaem Soi 14 Sookkasaem Rd. Tambon Patan, Amphur Muang Chiangmai 50300 Thailand Tel: (+66 53) 225 262 Fax: (+66 53) 408 351 Email: aipp@loxinfo.co.th aipp@hotmail.com Asian Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Network P.O. Box: 9627, A-3 Post office, Janakpuri New Delhi 110058 India Tel/Fax: +91-11-562 0583 Email: aitpn@hotmail.com Center forInternational Indigenous Rights and Development P.O. Box: 95560 Seattle, WA. 98145 United States of America Tel: (+1 206) 368 0981 Fax: (+1 206) 543 9285 Comisión Jurídica para el Autodesarrollo de los Pueblos Originarios Andinos ** Av. 2 de mayo 644

69. Mythinglinks: Indigenous Peoples Of Latin America: South America This handsome site created by Dr. Horacio Ejilevich Grimaldi, a Jungian therapistin argentina, seeks to make Jungian thought To indigenous peoples metapage. http://www.mythinglinks.org/ip~southamerica.html

MYTHING LINKS Kathleen Jenks, Ph.D. GEOGRAPHICAL REGIONS: INDIGENOUS PEOPLES of LATIN AMERICA: SOUTH AMERICA "Tropical Jungle" Casilda Pinche Sanchez a young artist and teacher at the Amazon Project Author's note As a very young child growing up in western Michigan, my knowledge of South America began with a terror of the huge snakes in her vast jungles I often had nightmares of being crushed by an enormous boa constrictor. I would awake, barely able to breathe. South America terrified me. Yet in the 8th grade I read Hudson's Green Mansions and fell in love with Rima, the bird-girl, who moved with such grace and beauty through the trees. After that, South America was equally nightmare and ecstatic wonder, snake and magical bird, death and life, breath-stopping constriction and utter freedom. As a young adult, I slowly made my peace with the great snakes in my psyche, as well as in the rain forests. But the nightmare didn't end. From the 1960's onward, I became painfully aware that the habitat of those snakes and birds was being destroyed, mile by mile, inch by inch, as the rain forests vanished along with rare flowers, herbs, trees, and countless species. Today, as a crone, when I think of South America, I think first of the Rain Forests and my heart constricts exactly as if an anaconda were crushing me, but there's no anaconda now, there's something far worse an awareness of the fragile beauty being destroyed. If we, as a species, destroy the jungle's medicinal plants that might cure our worst diseases, a cynic might argue that that's

70. Indigenous Unite generate serious conflicts between indigenous peoples and park Panama , Nagaland,West Papua, argentina , the Philippines In midMarch, indigenous members from http://multinationalmonitor.org/hyper/issues/1992/04/mm0492_05.html

The Front Indigenous Unite INDIGENOUS AND TRIBAL PEOPLES from tropical forests around the world have united to create a new alliance to confront the destruction of their territories and forests. Representatives from forest-dwelling communities in the Americas, Asia and Africa formed the "International Alliance of the Indigenous-Tribal Peoples of the Tropical Forests" at a conference held in Penang, Malaysia from February 12 to 15, 1992. The conference also adopted a "Charter of the Indigenous-Tribal Peoples of the Tropical Forests." The historic new alliance unites for the first time Indians from Amazonia, Central America and the southern cone of South America, "pygmies" from Africa, tribal peoples from India and Thailand, indigenous peoples from the Philippines , "Orang Asli" and Dayak peoples from Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo, indigenous peoples from Indonesia, as well as Melanesian peoples from New Guinea. The new alliance is needed, say the forest-dwelling peoples, to confront those who are responsible for destroying their forests and undermining their livelihoods and who are already united and organized. A new unity among the peoples of the tropical forests is needed to ensure that their rights are respected in international policymaking regarding the rainforests. The Charter, which sets out the allianceÆs demands, goals and principles, advocates a new approach to development and conservation in the tropical forests based on securing the rights of the forestsÆ original inhabitants.

71. Ecuador Pipeline Fails To Meet Bank Standards For Indigenous Peoples USA), AGIP (Italy), RepsolYPF (Spain), Perez Companc (argentina), and Techint (argentina). WHATYOU CAN DO Take Action to Support the indigenous peoples of http://www.treff-raum-espaciotime.com/englisch/Articles/ecuadorpipeline.html

Ecuador Pipeline Fails to Meet Bank standards for Indigenous Peoples http://ens-news.com/ens/sep2002/2002-09-13-19.asp#anchor1 WASHINGTON, DC, September 13, 2002 (ENS) - Environmental groups in Germany and the United States released a new report today showing that the German Bank Westdeutsche Landesbank (WestLB) violated its own policies in loaning US$900 million to the OCP (Oleoducto Crudos Pesasdos—Heavy Crude Pipeline) Consortium building Ecuador’s new heavy crude oil pipeline. The pipeline is being built to transport heavy crude oil from the rainforest to the Pacific coast, doubling oil production in the Ecuadorian Amazon. It will traverse seven national parks and protected areas, including a World Bank Global Environment Facility biodiversity reserve. The independent report written by Dr. Robert Goodland, former chief of the Environmental Department of the World Bank, found, “substantial non-compliance with all four applicable WBG [World Bank Group] Social and Environmental Safeguard Policies.” Goodland is a tropical ecologist who wrote many of the World Bank Social and Environmental Safeguard Policies during his 25 years with the World Bank Group.

72. Indigenous Peoples Documents: The Albuquerque Declaration The indigenous peoples of North America sent some 180 Native peoples/Native HomelandsClimate Change Workshops Change held in Buenos Aires, argentina, November 2 http://www.earthsummit2002.org/toolkits/women/majors/indig/ind1.htm

Indigenous Peoples Documents Back to Indigenous Peoples Documents A Call To Action: The Albuquerque Declaration, 1998 The indigenous peoples of North America sent some 180 delegates, including more than a dozen recognized elders, to share ideas on the impact of climate change to the "Circles of Wisdom. Native Peoples/Native Homelands Climate Change Workshops" sponsored by NASA. The following is a condensed version of their common statement, "The Albuquerque Declaration," which was later tabled at the Conference of the Parties Four at the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change held in Buenos Aires, Argentina, November 2-13, 1998. As indigenous peoples, we are to begin each day with a prayer, bringing our minds together in thanks for every part of the natural world. We are grateful that each part of our natural world continues to fulfil the responsibilities set for it by our Creator, in an 'unbreakable relationship to each other. As the roles and responsibilities are fulfilled, we are allowed to live our lives in peace. We are grateful for the natural order put in place and regulated by natural laws. Mother Earth, Father Sky, and all of Creation, from micro-organisms to human, plant, trees, fish, bird, and animal relatives are part of the natural order and regulated by natural laws. Each has a unique role and is a critical part of the whole that is Creation. Each is sacred, respected, and a unique living being with its own right to survive, and each plays an essential role in the survival and health of the natural world.

73. Indigenous Peoples: Permanent Forum On Indigenous Issues (Email dated Oct 25, 2001). Organizacion de Comunidades Indigenas (ACOIN) de argentina.(Email dated 16 Oct 2001). CV provided. African indigenous peoples Forum http://www.unhchr.ch/indigenous/nominations.htm

Working Group Special Rapporteur Permanent Forum Fellowship Programme Voluntary Funds for the Decade of the World's Indigenous People Indigenous ... Main Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues Nominations for membership from indigenous organizations (As of 22 November 2001) Candidate Contact information of the candidate Nominating Organisation(s) Region for which the candidate is proposed Mr. Tomas ALARCON EYZAGUIRRE Av. Dos de Mayo, n°644 Tacna, Peru Tel: (51 54) 722601 Email: capaj@heroica.upt.edu.pe [CV provided] Quliana Suyg Winaya Aymara Marka Apu Ulaqa Parlamento Del Pueblo Quillna Aymara (PPQA) El Alto, La Paz, Bolivia Tel: (591) 824785 (Letter dated Aug, 3, 2001) Also nominated by: Yachay Wasi NY, USA Tel: (001) 212 567 6447 Email: yachaywasi@igc.org (Letter dated Sept 25, 2001) Latin America Mr. Marcial ARIAS GARCIA PO Box 2203, Balboa, Ancon, Panama, Rep . de Panama Tel: (507) 227 5090 Email: ariasmarcial@hotmail.com [CV provided] Consulta Regional sobre el Foro Permanente de Centro-America y el Caribe No address given.

74. SAHRDC Publications argentina’s record stretches back to the 19th century and ranges from marginalisationof the indigenous peoples, immigrants, AfroArgentines, mestizo or http://www.hrdc.net/sahrdc/publications/HRDC.htm

HRDC PUBLICATIONS Title:- Komnas HAM - The Indonesian National Human Rights Commission: The Formative Years About the book:- This report analyses the organisation and work of the Indonesian Human Rights Commission (Komisi Nasional Hak Asasi Manusia (Komnas HAM). The report is intended to assist the Commission and the Government of Indonesia in identifying the Commission’s strengths, weaknesses and alternatives for improvement. The report aims to support and strengthen the work of Komnas HAM and National Institutions (NHRIs) in general to help make these institutions as effective as possible in the promotion and protection of human rights. Publisher:- Human Rights Documentation Centre Publication date:- ISBN:- Page:- Size:- 8.5" X 5.5" Price (India):- Rs. 140.00 Price (International):- US $ 5.00 ORDER Title:- Racial Discrimination : The Mexican Record About the Book:- This report examines the violence, harassment and discrimination experienced by the indigenous peoples of Mexico. The indigenous Indian population, particularly in the Chiapas province continues to face systematic discrimination in the public and private sectors and remains outside the country’s political and economic mainstream. Their participation in decisions affecting their land, cultural traditions and natural resource allocation is minimal. Publisher:- Human Rights Documentation Centre Publication date:- 2001

75. Indigenous Peoples indigenous peoples on the Gateway a community promoting knowledge exchanges among indigenous organizations, donors, governments and civil society to promote indigenous development and rights. the Rights of indigenous peoples has invited the representatives representatives of the indigenous peoples of the Americas and Population (182), indigenous peoples (67), Justice (12), http://www.developmentgateway.org/node/130649

Home About Us My Gateway Feedback ... About this Page Meet the Team Guides Coordinadora de las Organizaciones Ind­genas de la Cuenca Amaz³nica Fondo Ind­gena Inter-American Development Bank ... Cooperating Organizations Key Issues About Indigenous Peoples Natural Resources and Land Education and Indigenous Peoples Indigenous Development ... Related Organizations Search Just this topic All topics Advanced search Region/Country Views All Regions/Countries East Asia and Pacific Europe and Central Asia Latin America and Caribbean Middle East and North Africa North America South Asia Sub-Saharan Africa Afghanistan Albania Algeria American Samoa Andorra Angola Anguilla Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Aruba Australia Austria Azerbaijan Bahamas Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bermuda Bhutan Bolivia Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Brazil British Virgin Islands Brunei Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Cameroon Canada Cape Verde Cayman Islands Central African Republic Chad Chile China Colombia Comoros Congo, Democratic Republic Congo, Republic Cook Islands Costa Rica Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czech Republic C´te d`Ivoire Denmark Djibouti Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Estonia Ethiopia Faeroe Islands Falkland Islands Fiji Finland France French Guiana French Polynesia Gabon Gambia, The

76. Indigenous Peoples In Latin America - LANIC Translate this page http://lanic.utexas.edu/la/region/indigenous/

Indigenous Peoples If you are looking for resources related to indigenous languages, please also visit our Languages page. For study abroad opportunities in indigenous languages, please also visit our Language Programs page. Latin American Resources Americas.org Resource Center of the Americas Archive of Indigenous Languages of Latin America, AIILA or AILLA Caribbean Amerindian Centrelink Center for World Indigenous Studies CWIS Construyendo Alternativas Frente al Neoliberalismo Culturas Pre-Colombinas Legislación Indígena Banco Interamericano de Desarollo Plaza del Sol Resource directory of indigenous peoples and cultures Pueblos Indígenas y Desarrollo Comunitario BID Quechua Network Society for the Study of Indigenous Languages of the Americas SSILA Regional Resources The Amazon Amazon Conservation Team Amazon Watch Center for Amazonian Literature and Culture The Andes Andes Expedition, Searching for Inca Secrets National Geographic Cultures of the Andes A Peruvian Culture in Time Machu Picchu Library Tawantinsuyu Derechos The Caribbean Caribbean Amerindian Organizational Contacts Depicting and Debating Cannibalism KACIKE Journal of Caribbean Amerindian History and Anthropology Revisiting Columbus and the Indigenous Caribbean Mesoamerica Ancient Mesoamerican Civilizations Kevin Callahan GB Online's Mesoamerica Religions Country Resources Argentina AymaraNet Various Information Relating to the Aymaras in Bolivia, Peru, Chile, Argentina, and Ecuador

77. Spanish Abroad - Argentina - Country Guide - Music And Dance In the northeastern part of argentina, called Mesopotamia, the indigenous peopleshave accepted European dances such as the mazurka, waltz, polka and http://www.spanishabroad.com/argentina/countryguide/music_dance.htm

Program Locations Argentina Bolivia Chile Costa Rica Dominican Republic Ecuador Guatemala Mexico Peru Puerto Rico Spain Venezuela Price Guarantee.. We will meet or beat anyone's advertised price. Ultimate Immersion Experience! SAVE 5% when you enroll in a 9 week program. Plus customize up to 3 different locations. Folk Music of Argentina There are two main kinds of folk music heard almost everywhere in Argentina. One is music that comes from original indigenous cultures (there are many), and the other is creole music that has evolved from the culture of the Spanish colonists and their descendants, often mixing with local original traditions. European dances, popular songs, religious music, instruments, and festivals such as Carnival were brought to Argentina by immigrants, and have evolved into the creole music enjoyed today. Argentina is divided into different regions according to geography and climate, and each of these areas has cultural characteristics of its own. Patagonia, which is in the south, has not had as many visitors or colonists over the centuries as other areas (the weather can be daunting), so much of the folk music is still basically the same indigenous music that it has been for centuries.

78. Indigenous People - Wikipedia By the 17th century, indigenous peoples were commonly labeled uncivilized. Criticsof civilization, such as JJ Rousseau, considered them to be noble savages http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_people

Main Page Recent changes Edit this page Older versions Special pages Set my user preferences My watchlist Recently updated pages Upload image files Image list Registered users Site statistics Random article Orphaned articles Orphaned images Popular articles Most wanted articles Short articles Long articles Newly created articles Interlanguage links All pages by title Blocked IP addresses Maintenance page External book sources Printable version Talk Log in Help Indigenous people From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Indigenous people is a term applied to what explorers and anthropologists, especially from Europe, used to call "primitive tribes". The latter term has fallen into disfavor as being demeaning and, according to anthropologists, inaccurate (see tribe cultural evolution By the 17th century, indigenous peoples were commonly labeled "uncivilized." Critics of civilization, such as J.J. Rousseau , considered them to be "noble" savages; proponents of civilization, like T. Hobbes , considered them merely savages. Such proponents of civilization believed themselves to have a duty to civilize and modernize them. After World War I, however, many Europeans came to doubt the value of civilization. At the same time, the anti-colonial movement, and advocates of indigenous peoples, argued that words such as "civilized" and "savage" were products and tools of colonialism, and argued that colonialism itself was savagely destructive.

79. Indigenous People - Wikipedia indigenous people. (Redirected from indigenous peoples). indigenous enterprise.Several criticisms of the concept of indigenous peoples are http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_peoples

Main Page Recent changes Edit this page Older versions Special pages Set my user preferences My watchlist Recently updated pages Upload image files Image list Registered users Site statistics Random article Orphaned articles Orphaned images Popular articles Most wanted articles Short articles Long articles Newly created articles Interlanguage links All pages by title Blocked IP addresses Maintenance page External book sources Printable version Talk Log in Help Indigenous people (Redirected from Indigenous peoples Indigenous people is a term applied to what explorers and anthropologists, especially from Europe, used to call "primitive tribes". The latter term has fallen into disfavor as being demeaning and, according to anthropologists, inaccurate (see tribe cultural evolution By the 17th century, indigenous peoples were commonly labeled "uncivilized." Critics of civilization, such as J.J. Rousseau , considered them to be "noble" savages; proponents of civilization, like T. Hobbes , considered them merely savages. Such proponents of civilization believed themselves to have a duty to civilize and modernize them. After World War I, however, many Europeans came to doubt the value of civilization. At the same time, the anti-colonial movement, and advocates of indigenous peoples, argued that words such as "civilized" and "savage" were products and tools of colonialism, and argued that colonialism itself was savagely destructive.

80. El Sur Del Sur: The Indigenous Peoples (II) El Sur del Sur The Southernmost South. The Way We Are. THE INDIGENOUSPEOPLE. Rush Canoe. Huarpes, The Cuyo Area The culture of Huarpes http://www.surdelsur.com/somos/pob121ing.html

El Sur del Sur The Southernmost South The Way We Are THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLE Rush Canoe. Huarpes The Cuyo Area T he culture of Huarpes occupied the present provinces of San Juan San Luis and Mendoza . They farmed, grew corn and hunted guanacos and nandus . They worked ceramics and believed in a supreme being. Pampa and Patagonia Region In Pampa and Patagonia there was a large amount of communities such as the and the Araucanians coming from Chile, apart from the Tehuelches and the Onas in the south and the Pampas in the center. They had common characteristics. They hunted hares, foxes, nandus and also fished . They lived in groups led by one cacique. The Pehuenche culture was settled down in , living by hunting and gathering and they were grouped in bands made up by families and they believed in a supreme being who dwelt beyond the sea. Wooden Carving. Araucanians The Chaco Area In Chaco there were the Tobas and Abipones . They basically hunted and gathered . They were integrated into a system of bands led by one cacique. The families were monogamous but polygamy was allowed to chiefs. The Littoral and Mesopotamian Region The Guarani culture prevailed in this area. They were

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