21. Botswana Photos 17 fires and for warming fires. The use of fire for social gatheringsis an important part of botswana culture. Photo by Susan Ross. http://www.peacegallery.org/africa/botswana/botswana17.htm

Africa Botswana Chad Equatorial Guinea ... Togo Odi Village, June 1995: This weaver is telling the story of the gathering and drying of thatch. Thatch harvested from palms and other native plants provides the roofs for many rondavals (round dwellings within a living compound). The thatching process is a very important task of village life and involves both the men and the women. This weaving also shows firewood that has been gathered from the communal lands outside of the village. It will be used by this family for cooking fires and for warming fires. The use of fire for social gatherings is an important part of Botswana culture. Photo by Susan Ross.

22. From The Director to take pride in watching a television screen that reflects the people they know,the thing of familiar salience, the depiction of botswana culture in its http://www.btv.gov.bw/btv/from_the_director.html

A BTV screen has become a picture of Botswana. Although Government owned, Botswana Television operates in accordance with the conventional norms of a public service broadcasting organization. BTV enjoys a reasonable degree of editorial independence that allows it to portray Botswana's political and socio-economic fabric as it is. Programming is based on and aims at reflecting the democratic tradition of Botswana by adhering to the principle of balanced reporting, showing both sides of the story and adhering to objectivity. As part of the Department of Information and Broadcasting (an organization that runs two radio channels, one of which is commercial whilst the other is designed for public service broadcasting), Botswana Television adheres to the country's national Vision 2016. The first pillar of Vision 2016- "Building an Informed, Educated Nation" is no less than the mandate of the Department and willy-nilly, that of BTV. As Director of the Department of Information and Broadcasting, and consequently, overall director of BTV services, I pledge to pursue the Departmental Vision that is: "TO BE AT THE FOREFRONT OF PROVIDING QUALITY INFORMATION, EDUCATION AND ENTERTAINMENT TO THE PEOPLE OF BOTSWANA AND BEYOND."

23. Untitled Benin Practical Info Benin Geography Benin Culture Benin History Benin OverviewBotswana Practical Info Botswana Geography botswana culture Botswana History http://www.travelwizard.com/site_index.html

Africa Overview Algeria Practical Info Algeria Geography Algeria Culture Africa Overview Algeria Practical Info Algeria Geography Algeria Culture ... Tanna Overview

24. Religious Studies Student Profiles This will help me to investigate important elements of human experienceof youth in botswana culture. I also hope to explore teaching http://www.studyoverseas.com/re/profiles.htm

Course Vacancies University of Birmingham Indiana Wesleyan University Lipscomb University Erskine College ... Westminster Institute of Education Student Profiles Sung Woo Back Am I looking good? Hi, my name is Sung-Woo Back from Seoul, the capital of South Korea. I am one of John's research students, and studying how to do R.E in the Christian secondary schools in Korea. This is a time of rapid transition in Korean education. The competition and one-dimensional values of modern and industrial life are creating a sense of passivity and hopelessness in the minds of many students. I am trying to develop a religious education curriculum for the Christian secondary schools which will help to bring students into a greater sense of their own creative powers. Studying this with John has a lot of advantages because of his professional knowledge and his sympathetic understanding of the situation. Tebogo Ethel Seretse My name is Tebogo Ethel Seretse from Botswana in Africa. I obtained my first degree BA+CDE in English and Theology, at The University of Botswana and Swaziland in 1982. In 1990 qualified for Masters degree in Religious Education at Lancaster University in England.

25. Empowering Families For The New Millennium: Perspectives, Challenges And Strateg HALF – DAY ‘SIGHT SEEING’. This provides participants with an opportunityto mingle with Batswana and experience botswana culture. http://www.ucalgary.ca/NU/jfn/conference.htm

Empowering families for the New Millennium: Perspectives, Challenges and Strategies University of Botswana Department of Nursing Education 16 – 19 June 2003 GABORONE SUN GABORONE BOTSWANA UNIVERSITY OF BOTSWANA Department of Nursing Education Private Bag 0022, Gaborone, Botswana TEL: (267) 355-5100, FAX: (267) 585-100 E-mail: mogobekd@mopipi.ub.bw BACKGROUND The Department of Nursing Education at the University of Botswana provides colleagues with an opportunity to network, exchange ideas and learn about the latest developments in family nursing research, education, practice and education KEYNOTE SPEAKERS To be announced REGISTRATION EARLY BIRD - Before January 31 2003       US$400.00 LATE REGISTRATION - After January 31 2003    US$450.00 ON SITE REGISTRATIONUS STUDENTS REGISTRATION   US$250.00 DAILY REGISTRATION US$130.00 Conference package includes Files, name tags, abstract book, and tea/coffee. EMPOWERING FAMILIES FOR THE NEW MILLENIUM: PERSPECTIVES, CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIES

26. MapZones.com Culture botswana, culture, Back to Top. Western dress has been general among peoplein botswana, except at the poorest level, since the late 19th century. http://www.mapzones.com/world/africa/botswana/cultureindex.php

Country Info Botswana Introduction Botswana General Data Botswana Maps Botswana Culture ... Botswana Time and Date Botswana Culture Back to Top Western dress has been general among people in Botswana, except at the poorest level, since the late 19th century. Common diet and cuisine consist of sorghum and corn porridge, beans and pulses and traditional spinach, supplemented by tomato, potato, onion, and cabbage usually purchased from stores. Meat consumption has become more common with the opening of small butcheries selling beef. Traditional foods include dried phane caterpillars from mopane woodland, eaten as relish or snacks, fruits such as the wild morulaplum, and beer made from sorghum or millet. Families in rural villages live in traditional compounds, usually with two or three small houses of cylindrical clay walls and conical thatch roofs, set around an open fireplace and surrounded by low clay walls. Most recent houses are square with metal roofs, while many houses in the northwest are made of reed. Countries Map or Maps Egypt Maps South Africa Maps England Maps France Maps ... mailto:info@mapzones.com?subject=Mail from HomePage

27. Olifants T&S - Safaris Nach Botswana: Outdoor Und Trekking, Botswana Culture botswana culture. 4tägige Zeltsafari im Okavango Delta ab und bis Maun http://www.olifants.de/16%20Botswana%20Culture.htm

Botswana ... Culture 4-tägige Zeltsafari im Okavango Delta ab und bis Maun Lake Ngami - Etsha im West Panhandle - Tsodilo Hills Eine Reise, die Ihnen neben der einmaligen Landschaft und Tierwelt, die Geschichte und Kultur der Menschen dieses Landes näher bringt. Es werden verschiedene Dörfer (keine Touristendörfer) besucht. Höhepunkt ist eine Natur- und Wildpirschwanderung im Okavango Delta. Stationen der Reise sind Lake Ngami, Etsha im West Panhandle und Tsodilo Hills, die abgelegene, heilige Kultstätte der San mit mehr als 3.500 Buschmannzeichnungen. Termine: Termine auf Anfrage

28. Botswana -- Culture Overview botswana culture Overview. The nation of botswana occupies largetracts of desert that have been crossed by many African peoples. http://expedition.bensenville.lib.il.us/Africa/Botswana/culture.htm

Botswana - Culture Overview The nation of Botswana occupies large tracts of desert that have been crossed by many African peoples. Inhabited by the San since prehistoric times, the area also became the site of towns organized around Tswana chieftaincies. Though many of these towns were militarily powerful, they were open to the influence of Christian missionaries who came mostly from Great Britain. Though Bechuanaland, as it was then known, became a British protectorate in the 19th century, official interest was never great and the local peoples remained in control of most social and cultural developments. The Setswana word for the most important social grouping is morafe, meaning the people who give allegiance to a certain chief. There are eight morafes in Botswana: the Bangwato, Bakwena, Bangwaketse, Batawana, Bakgatla, Bamalete, Barolong, and Batlokwa. The chiefs of all eight groupings are from the Tswana ethnic group, but the people of the morafes include other such ethnicities as Kalanga, Kgalagadi, Herero, Mbukushu, Subiya, Yei, and Ndebele, all of which are Bantu. Thus, ethnicity and social groups are not the same. There are also San groups and small minorities of European and Asian descent. English is the official language, but Setswana is the national language. Although Christianity has become familiar to many Batswana, traditional animist beliefs remain important both for respecting ancestors and for rain-making ceremonies that remain important in this desert nation.

29. Customs And Religion - Culture And History - Tourism Of Botswana Official web site for Tourism of botswana. aspect of culture, which has perhaps best survived the onslaught of western influences in botswana. Both traditional http://www.gov.bw/tourism/culture_and_his/customs.html

Your browser does not support script Tswana " kgotla " in session It is largely the culture of the Batswana that has dominated that of other minority groups. This is particularly evident with regard to cattle ownership. Cattle, the traditional Tswana source of wealth and status, are now desired by most, if not all groups of people in Botswana. But this exchange of cultural values has not been a one-way affair: minority groups have influenced and contributed to the dominant culture in numerous ways - in Ngamiland, for example, the Bayei fishing methods were adopted by the ruling Batawana. Recent years have seen the introduction of western culture in the form of western business, technology, consumer goods, tourism and the media. There is a rather circuitous route, which all this takes to get to Botswana. South Africa, heavily influenced by America, Europe and Japan, acquires the latest goods and media items from these countries first; Botswana, in turn, imports nearly all commodities from South Africa. Botswana can well afford to buy in such goods, but personal wealth on the scale that exists for the elite few in Botswana is a new phenomenon. Life in the urban areas has been most affected by western culture and increasing modernity. In the rural areas many traditions persist and ways of life differ from region to region. Some of the more obvious physical aspects of the different cultures have disappeared (such as traditional clothing, arts and crafts, most ritual ceremonies and some tools and utensils). Others remain important, however, such as cattle ownership, music and dance and the consultation of traditional healers.

30. Botswana History Page 4: Culture The dominant national culture of botswana today reflects the dual heritageand intermingling of Tswana and English cultural dominions. http://ubh.tripod.com/bw/bhp4.htm

Get Five DVDs for $.49 each. Join now. Tell me when this page is updated This is a mirror site for www.thuto.org/ubh . If you have any problems, try the main site. (For this page see http://www.thuto.org/ubh/bw/bhp4.htm Botswana History Pages, by Neil Parsons 4: Culture To Index To end of page Back to History Home Page 1: Brief History of Botswana ... Culture Links Notes and Comments Provisional version by Neil Parsons April 1999 Introduction It is a truism to say that all countries are multicultural but at the same time are linked to globalized culture. But the recognition of multiculturalism in Botswana has been blocked, until the later 1990s, by the need to develop a unifying national culture. That national culture is based largely upon Setswana (Tswana language) culture. It represents the growth of a distinct Botswana nationality defined within state borders, and embraces elements of postcolonial English culture. Tswana national culture can be traced back to the incorporation of diverse peoples under a string of Tswana states, beginning in the later 18th century and reaching maturity by the time of British colonization at the end of the 19th century. The Tswana states, linked by the the kinship ties of their rulers speaking linked dialects of a common language, were brought together in allianceagainst common enemies between the 1850s and the 1890s. Such'tribal' federalism continued into the colonial period. Everyone within the colonial boundaries of Botswana came to be regarded as a Motswana, regardless of ethnic origin. Hence many outsiders assumed that Botswana was a monocultural entity with only one 'tribe'. But it was not until the end of colonialism that the old Tswana states were incorporated into a unitary state, under a powerful central government, between 1964 and 1969.

31. Directory Index botswana history culture....... No description. Headings 3 Archaeology Notes and Comments ArchaeologyLinks botswana History Page 4 culture. http://ubh.tripod.com/bw/

Get Five DVDs for $.49 each. Join now. Tell me when this page is updated This is a mirror site for www.thuto.org/ubh . If you have any problems, try the main site. Index of pages Total of 29 HTML files found. Directories top colad Back to contents Top directory Botswana History Page 1: Brief History of Botswana Botswana History Page 10: Politics Botswana History Page 11: Religion Botswana History Page 12: Science ... Botswana History Page 1: Brief History of Botswana Description: Brief history of Botswana, by Prof. Neil Parsons, University of Botswana History Department Headings: -1: A Brief History of Botswana INTRODUCTION Early Hunting, Pastoral, and Farming People -Bantu-speaking farmers Iron Age Chiefdoms and States -Eastern Botswana chiefdoms -North-western Botswana chiefdoms -Rise of Tswana domination Growth of Tswana States -Times of war -Post-war Tswana commercial prosperity A British Protectorate -Threats of incorporation Advance to Independence BOTSWANA GAINS INTERNATIONAL STATURE -Economic and political growth Masire succeeds Seretse Khama Mogae succeeds Masire History Links Bibliography Botswana History Page 10: Politics Description: History of Botswana: politics Headings: -10: Politics Constitution President and Vice-President Political parties Local government Foreign policy Legal system Police and military Politics links BIBLIOGRAPHY Botswana History Page 11: Religion Description: History of Botswana: Religion Headings: -11: Religion RELIGION LINKS BIBLIOGRAPHY Botswana History Page 12: Science Description: Botswana history: Science

32. Culture culture. botswana's early tribal religions were primarily cults in which ancestorsdirected family matters from their underworld domain and were contactable http://www.namasthenri.com/botswana/culture.html

CULTURE Home AboutUs ContactUs Profile ... High Commission Botswana's early tribal religions were primarily cults in which ancestors directed family matters from their underworld domain and were contactable only through the heads of family groups. Religious rites included male and female initiation ceremonies and rain-making rituals. Polygamy was practised, and a man's estate was inherited by the children of his head wife. San folklore is rich with supernatural explanations of natural events, orchestrated by N!odima, the good guy, and Gcawama, the mischievous trickster. Missionaries dislodged nearly all the traditional practices, and Christianity is currently the prevailing belief system in Botswana. English is the official language of Botswana, but the most common language is Setswana, a Bantu language understood by over 90% of the population. The original Botswana artists were everyday craftspeople who injected individual aesthetics into utilitarian implements such as pottery, fabrics and tools. Botswana's baskets are exquisite, employing designs with such evocative names as Tears of the Giraffe, Urine Trail of the Bull and Forehead of the Zebra. Because indigenous languages have only been written since the coming of the Christian missionaries, Botswana doesn't have much of a literary tradition. All that survives of the ancient myths and praise poetry of the native peoples has been handed down orally and only recently transcribed. Botswana's most famous modern literary figure was South African-born Bessie Head, who settled in Serowe and wrote of the harshness and beauty of village life.

33. Culture And History - Culture Botswana botswana culture and History - culture Links, Travel Informationand Resources. botswana. botswana culture and History - culture. http://www.kasbah.com/vitalstats/culture_and_history/culture/botswana_botswana_1

var c = "c2"; Home Travel Guide Flights Cars ... Adventure Tours USA users click here for the best deals Botswana Botswana : Culture and History - Culture You are here: Botswana Your search for Culture and History - Culture returned results BOTSWANA - Culture link status good BOTSWANA - Culture Guide Botswana history: Culture link status good BOTSWANA - Culture Information CULTURE Home AboutUs ContactUs Profile Weather History People Culture Government Tourist Guide The Economy Int. Businesses Stock Market Foreign Relations High Commission Botswana's early t... link status good BOTSWANA - College of Agriculture Home page of Botswana College of Agriculture, faculty of Agriculture of the University of Botswana link status good Global Travel Toolbox Books Currency Converter Finance and Insurance Food and Drink Fun and Trivia Language Converter Look Up / Reference luggage Maps Miscellaneous Outdoor Travelling Gear Telecoms and Communications Tickets for Events Travel Magazines Travel Tips Weather Global Travel Toolbox flights Car Rental Hotels Hostels ... Search Amazon.com

34. EMBASSY OF BOTSWANA WEBSITE,. JAPAN As in many countries, urbanisation and exposure to other cultureshave greatly influenced botswana's culture. Many key features http://www.botswanaembassy.or.jp/culture/body1.html

Botswana is populated by no less than 20 different tribes with some originating from the neighbouring countries of South Africa, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Angola and Namibia, giving the country a rich diversity of cultures. It is therefore not easy to make a comprehensive description of the cultures of all these tribes within the limited scope of the web-site. There are, however, common cultural features and practices, particularly amongst the tribes of "Tswana" origin, which have a common ancestry. As in many countries, urbanisation and exposure to other cultures have greatly influenced Botswana's culture. Many key features of Botswana's culture have, however, survived negative influences. In some instances, cultural practices which clashed with the objectives of colonial administrators were either suppressed or significantly curtailed. Other cultural practices, which tend to assign women a peripheral role in the family and society, are constantly being challenged. The latter have no place in a modern democratic society based on gender equality, amongst others. In order to fully understand a people's culture and traditions, it is necessary to look into their past to gain insight into their present "ways of doing things". It is in the latter context that some of the tribal ceremonies and practices, which are no longer widely practised in Botswana, have been included. Such practices were, after-all, based on fundamental values which, to this day, still hold Botswana society together.

35. EMBASSY OF BOTSWANA WEBSITE,. JAPAN http://www.botswanaembassy.or.jp/culture/index1.html

36. Collectif Asah : Ressources : ASAH > RESSOURCES PAR PAYS > Afrique > Botswana > PAR PAYS Afrique botswana culture générale . Niveau Supérieur. http://www.collectif-asah.org/ressources.php?node=2636&

37. MapZones.com : Botswana botswana Map, History, culture, People, Population, Climate, Economy, Animal andplants, Languages,capital, island, major city, province, Communications,State http://atlas.freegk.com/world/africa/botswana/botswana.php

Country Info Botswana Introduction Botswana General Data Botswana Maps Botswana Culture ... Botswana Time and Date Botswana Introduction Back to Top Republic of Botswana, formerly Bechuanaland, country in the centre of southern Africa. It has an area of 224,607 square miles (581,730 square kilometres). The territory is roughly square approximately 600 miles from north to south and 600 miles from east to west with its eastern side protruding into a sharp point. Its eastern and southern borders are marked by river courses and an old wagon road; its western borders are lines of longitude and latitude through the Kalahari, and its northern borders combine straight lines with a river course. The capital is Gaborone (until 1969 spelled Gaberones i.e., Gaborone's town), a new city founded in 1964. Official Name- Republic of Botswana Capital City -Gaborone Population- 1.482,000 Languages- English (official), and Setswana Official Currency -Pula Religions- Traditional beliefs, Christian Land Area -566,730 sq km (218,814 sq miles)

38. 1Up Travel > History And Culture Of Botswana. HISTORY culture. PEOPLE AND HISTORY. The Batswana, a term also used to denote allcitizens of botswana, refers to the country's major ethnic group (the Tswana http://www.1uptravel.com/international/africa/botswana/history-culture.html

Flags Maps Sightseeing Travel Warnings ... Travel Reservations and Bookings More Categories Introduction Topography Local Life Local Cuisine Local Holidays Festivals-Events Embassies Administration News Stand Worth a See !! Sight Seeing Maps Flags Shopping Eating Out Recreation Travel Essentials Country Facts Geography People Government Economy Communications Transportation Military Search 1Up Travel You are here 1Up Travel Countries of the World Africa Botswana ADVERTISEMENT Country At a Glance Introduction Topography History-Culture Local Life ... Newstand Worth a Visit !! Cities Sight Seeing Maps Shopping ... Travel Links Country Facts Introduction Geography People Government ... Transnational issues Related Country Guide Detailed Maps Hotel Database Country Flag ... Travel Warning PEOPLE AND HISTORY The Batswana, a term also used to denote all citizens of Botswana, refers to the country's major ethnic group (the "Tswana" in South Africa), which came into the area from South Africa during the Zulu wars of the early 1880s. Prior to European contact, the Batswana lived as herders and farmers under tribal rule. In the late 19th century, hostilities broke out between the Batswana and Boer settlers from the Transvaal. After appeals by the Batswana for assistance, the British Government in 1885 put "Bechuanaland" under its protection. The northern territory remained under direct administration and is today's Botswana, while the southern territory became part of the Cape Colony and is now part of the northwest province of South Africa; the majority of Setswana-speaking people today live in South Africa.

39. 1Up Travel > Botswana > Travel & Tourism | Tourist Guide To Botswana topography of botswana. History of botswana Presents a detailed historicalbackground and culture of botswana. Local Life People http://www.1uptravel.com/international/africa/botswana/

Flags Maps Sightseeing Travel Warnings ... Travel Reservations and Bookings More Categories Introduction Topography Local Life Local Cuisine Local Holidays Festivals-Events Embassies Administration News Stand Worth a See !! Sight Seeing Maps Flags Shopping Eating Out Recreation Travel Essentials Country Facts Geography People Government Economy Communications Transportation Military Search 1Up Travel You are here 1Up Travel Countries of the World Africa Botswana ADVERTISEMENT Country At a Glance Introduction Topography History-Culture Local Life ... Newstand Worth a Visit !! Cities Sight Seeing Maps Shopping ... Travel Links Country Facts Introduction Geography People Government ... Transnational issues Related Country Guide Detailed Maps Hotel Database Country Flag ... Featured in Beachcomber Community Guides INTRODUCTION Botswana is a country in the centre of southern Africa. Its official name is the Republic of Botswana. Botswana has a democratic form of government. Until the early 1990's, it was one of the few African nations with more than one political party. A number of other nations then began adopting multiparty systems. Botswana is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations, an association of former British colonies. Botswana is surrounded by land.

40. Culture And History - Tourism Of Botswana language and share the SothoTswana culture, while in its common contemporary usage,it refers to all citizens of the Republic of botswana, regardless of their http://www.gov.bw/tourism/culture_and_his/culture_and_his.html

Your browser does not support script The history of Botswana is characterised by migrations of peoples into the country from the north and west and particularly from the east and south, as well as internal movements of groups of people. The group which eventually emerged as most numerous, and dominant, were the Batswana . Their pattern of dividing and migrating saw the formation of numerous Tswana tribes, and their eventual occupation of all areas of the country. The term " Batswana " refers to the ethnic group of people who speak the Setswana language and share the Sotho-Tswana culture, while in its common contemporary usage, it refers to all citizens of the Republic of Botswana , regardless of their ethnic background. The singular is " Motswana ": a citizen of the country. " Tswana " is used as an adjective - for example " Tswana state " or "

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