21. Basic Search 6. burma, Houghton, Graham ; Wakefield, Julia, burma Geography ; burma - Socialconditions ; burma - history ; burma - Social life and customs ; burma http://intra.trinity.wa.edu.au/webopac/default.asp?n=a&c=WAKEFIELD JULIA

22. The Journalism And Films Of John Pilger burma map. burma has been home to many different ethnic groups for overfour thousand years. It is only in the last millennium that http://pilger.carlton.com/burma/history

Burma has been home to many different ethnic groups for over four thousand years. It is only in the last millennium that the Burmans have emerged as the pre-eminent population group. They unified the country on three occasions: under the Pagan dynasty, from the 11th to the 13th century; the Toungoo dynasty in the 16th; and the Konbaung dynasty, founded at the end the 18th century. There were many wars and political power changed hands frequently. Nonetheless, there was considerable inter-cultural exchange and a high degree of inter-ethnic tolerance. The Konbaung dynasty founded Mandalay, the last capital of the Burmese kings, and extended Burmese control as far as Assam in the west and north into Thailand. But this was the age of European colonisation and they soon became embroiled in conflict with British colonial forces in India. The first war with the British, in 1824, concluded with the surrender of the provinces on the Indian frontier; after a second war in 1852, the whole of Lower Burma was lost. Mandalay fell in 1885. After this third defeat, the Burmese King Thibaw was carried off to captivity in India. var wtl_loc = document.URL.indexOf('https:')==0?'https://a248.e.akamai.net/v/248/2120/1d/download.akamai.com/crs/lgsitewise.js':'http://crs.akamai.com/crs/lgsitewise.js'; document.write(""); document.write("");

23. The Journalism And Films Of John Pilger John Pilger charts the history of burma and the shocking events of the prodemocracy protest of 1988 Category Regional Asia Politics Human Rights and Liberties...... genocideThe assassination of Aung San in September 1946 remains oneof the most important events in burma's history. Find out more http://pilger.carlton.com/burma

INSIDE BURMA: LAND OF FEAR is a documentary which was first broadcast as part of the Network First series on UK television in May 1996. It was written and presented by John Pilger and produced and directed by David Munro. The assassination of Aung San in September 1946 remains one of the most important events in Burma's history. Find out more about the man, by clicking here To many the disinterest in human rights abuses shown by Western companies who invest in Burma is abhorrent. John Pilger discussed this issue with James Sherwood, head of a luxury cruise company. Click here to watch Sherwood's response. 1988 remains a year the Burmese will not forget, a year when revolution and repression clashed. Click here to read why. The film detailed the many injustices and human rights abuses that have so badly marked the country's past and present. This website seeks to further the information provided in the film, to provide an up-to-date and comprehensive resource of relevant writings and to offer a current consideration of Burma. However, its main purpose is to act as a catalyst to further discussion on the future of a country which too many in the West have forgotten.

24. Burma's New History Text Not The View Of Burma's Peoples burma's new history text not the view of burma's peoples. Media ReleaseJune 6, 2001. The new 4th graders' history textbook, which http://www.geocities.com/absdf_au/media/ab71.html

Home Media releases Publications Aung San Suu Kyi ... Guestbook Burma's new history text not the view of Burma's peoples Media Release June 6, 2001 The new 4th graders' history textbook, which will be mandatory in all schools in Burma, is offensive to Thai people and goes against the views of the people of Burma. The ABSDF deeply regrets the revision of the history, which is inaccurate and racist. "We would like to apologise to the people of Thailand for the publication of the textbook. It seems like the only purpose it serves is to anger Thai people, worsen bilateral relations and create misunderstanding. There is a total censorship in Burma, anything that gets pass the censors represent the views of the ruling military establishment. We deeply regret this and would like to state that this is not the views of the people of Burma" comments ABSDF Chairperson Than Khe. The democracy movement has a long-term aim at progressive education, which teaches ideals of peace and respect. Schools in the liberated areas are teaching a different version of history which focuses on positive aspects of Thai - Burma relations. This includes ways to correct the mistakes of the past and aims to harbour good relations in the future. Good relations with Thailand are essential to the future of Burma and there is no reason why the two countries should not live in co-existence. "History can be highly politicised. We can see how this is effecting Japanese - Korean relations over the representation of World War 2 history. We hope Thai people will remember that Burma's ruling military junta does not represent the people of Burma. While the SPDC is in power, we will continue to teach peace and respect in history classes in the liberated areas. We need a new curriculum with positive values which can be used in a future democratic Burma" says Than Khe.

25. Burma Bucknell Connection - The History history OF THE burmaBUCKNELL CONNECTION. The rich heritage of interculturallinks between burma and Bucknell began in 1846 when http://www.bucknell.edu/programs/burma/history.html

1999 Commencement Speech HISTORY OF THE BURMA-BUCKNELL CONNECTION The rich heritage of intercultural links between Burma and Bucknell began in 1846 when Eugenio Kincaid , Baptist missionary on leave from his post in Burma, became a charter trustee of the University at Lewisburg (renamed Bucknell University in 1886). When Kincaid returned to Moulmein, he encouraged Maung Shaw Loo , the university's first international student, to study in Lewisburg. Shaw Loo arrived in 1858 to study at the Academy, preparatory division for young men, and graduated from the university in 1864, thus beginning the long Burma-Bucknell connection which culminated in a series of international Weekends held from 1948 through 1965. During the Tenth Anniversary Burma-Bucknell Weekend , his Excellency U Win, Ambassador from the Union of Burma to the United States, presented a beautifully hand-crafted silver bowl from the President of the Union of Burma and Mrs. Win Maung, "symbolizing 100 years of friendly relationship between the people of Burma and Bucknell University." A number of voices, some through translators, have told and retold the Burma-Bucknell story. Whenever possible, the facts presented in the historical notes linked to this page have been verified. The notes were excerpted from the complete history of the

26. Burma Bucknell Connection - The History Zarni Julian Tinpe, born in Rangoon, graduated from Bucknell in 1987. Later,he broadcast the history of burmaBucknell for the Voice of America. http://www.bucknell.edu/programs/burma/connection.html

About Burma 1999 Commencement Speech NOTE ON THE BURMA-BUCKNELL CONNECTION For well over a century, Bucknell University (chartered as the University at Lewisburg; renamed in 1886) has had strong ties with Burma, a connection that began when Eugenio Kincaid , Baptist missionary on leave from his post in Moulmein, and charter member of the Board of Trustees, worked to support the founding of the institution in 1846. The connection was continued when Howard Malcom became the first president of the University at Lewisburg (President, 1851-1857). Malcom had gone to the Baptist Mission fields in 1835 where he spent two and one-half years visiting Burma and other countries in Southeast Asia. The link was further strengthened when Eugenio Kincaid encouraged the university's first international student, Maung Shaw Loo , a native of Burma, to come to Lewisburg. Shaw Loo arrived in 1858 and began his studies at the Academy, preparatory branch of the university. He graduated from the university in 1864 and, after obtaining a degree in 1867 at the Charity Hospital Medical College in Cleveland, Ohio, returned to his country a year later as a physician and educator. He maintained a life-long association with the university until his death in 1929. The link with Shaw Loo's country was continued by many others. Harriet Mason Stevens, born in Burma in 1841, and a graduate of the university's Female Institute in 1858, founded the first Burmese Girl's School. She devoted forty-five years to educational work in Burma.

27. Bigchalk: HomeworkCentral: History (Myanmar (Burma)) Linking Policy. HIGH SCHOOL BEYOND Regional Studies Countries ofthe World Asia Myanmar (burma) history. TIMELINES OVERVIEWS http://www.bigchalk.com/cgi-bin/WebObjects/WOPortal.woa/Homework/High_School/Gov

Home About Us Newsletters My Products ... Product Info Center Email this page to a friend! K-5 History document.write(''); document.write(''); document.write(''); document.write(''); Historical Overview PRECOLONIAL HISTORY Pagan Kingdom (11th to 13th centuries) Toungoo Dynasty (16th century) ... Contact Us

28. Bigchalk: HomeworkCentral: History (Myanmar (Burma)) HomeworkCentral Linking Policy. Regional Studies Countries of theWorld Asia Myanmar (burma) history. TIMELINES OVERVIEWS http://www.bigchalk.com/cgi-bin/WebObjects/WOPortal.woa/Homework/Teacher/Governm

Home About Us Newsletters My Products ... Product Info Center Email this page to a friend! K-5 History document.write(''); document.write(''); document.write(''); document.write(''); Historical Overview PRECOLONIAL HISTORY Pagan Kingdom (11th to 13th centuries) Toungoo Dynasty (16th century) ... Contact Us

29. Nations Online :: Myanmar - Burma history burma's history Documents on burma's history at Online burma Library Myanmarhistory Timeline, Rulers, Heroes, Prehistoric Caves, Pondaung man, 4 http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/myanmar.htm

This page is part of One World - Nations Online One World - Nations Online Countries and Nations keywords: Myanmar information, Burma, Myanmar newspapers, tourist information for Myanmar, Myanmar tourism, Myanmar Human Rights, Myanmar map Note: Links will open in a new browser window. Myanmar ( Burma ) Country Code: mm Flag of Myanmar Background: Despite multiparty elections in 1990 that resulted in the main opposition party winning a decisive victory, the military junta ruling the country refused to hand over power. Key opposition leader and Nobel Peace Prize recipient AUNG San Suu Kyi, under house arrest from 1989 to 1995, was again placed under house detention in September 2000; her supporters are routinely harassed or jailed. ( Suu Kyi was released Monday, May 6th 2002 from 19 months of house arrest (Source: CIA - The World Factbook) border countries: Bangladesh China India Laos ... Thailand Official Sites of Myanmar The Golden Land Myanmar Myanmar Official Home Page Ministry of Foreign Affairs Myanmar Information Sheet Collections Myanmar information created by SLORC (State Law and Order Restoration Council ) Permanent Mission of the Union of Myanmar to the United Nations and Other International Organizations Geneva, Switzerland

30. Historical Timeline - Myanmar (Burma) It would be best to describe Myanmar's history in a timeline format, comparing Foundingof the Fourth Myanmar Union, Union of burma, after independence on 4th http://www.myanmars.net/history/

myanmars .net HOME french deutch italiano ... Trainees Myanmar History It would be best to describe Myanmar's history in a timeline format, comparing with the events of the world as below. Historical Timeline Important Events in Myanmar Important Events in the World 3.9 billion years ago Oldest rocks of the earth. Precambrian time Pondaung Man , the earliest primates known today, resided in Pondaung, northern Myanmar. Other traces of early human settlements are also found. 40 Million years ago 1 Million years ago Traces of Java Man, Indonesia years ago Peking Man, China years ago Lantian man, China BC 3300 Writing developed in Sumeria BC 3100 Egypt united Birth of Greece BC 2500 Begining of Indus Valley civilization BC 2590 Great pyramid of Giza built Hanlin Pyu City State, Beikthano (Vishnu) Pyu City State, Thuwunna Bonmi (Ramanya) City State came into existance BC 2000 BC 1500 Jewish religion emerges BC 1220 Olmec civilization rises in Mexico BC 800 Etruscan culture rises in Italy BC 750 Sparta rises as military power Tharay Kittarar (Srikittra) Pyu City State founded.

31. Biodata Of Chanmyay Sayadaw, Chanmyay Yeiktha, Myanmar (Burma) Chanmyay Yeiktha. Meditation Centre. http://www.myanmars.net/chanmyay/history/

Chanmyay Yeiktha Meditation Centre Practice Location History Biodata of Chanmyay Sayadaw ... Comments Biodata of Chanmyay Sayadaw Chanmyay Sayadaw is the chief abbot of Chanmyay Yeiktha Meditation centre, Yangon, Myanmar. His given name is Sayadaw Ashin Janakabhivamsa. Chanmyay Sayadaw Ashin Janakabhivamsa The Venerable Sayadaw began to study the Buddhist scriptures at the age of fifteen as a Samanera (novice monk). He received the higher ordination in 1947 and continued advanced studies of Buddhist scriptures. He practised Vipassana meditation under the instruction of the most Venerable Mahasi Sayadaw in 1953-54. Then he was invited by the State Buddha Sasana Organization to be an editor of the Buddhist scriptures in Pali (Palipatiwisodhaka) for reciting Buddhist scriptures at the Sixth Great Buddhist Council in Myanmar. In 1957 the Venerable Sayadaw spent six years in Colombo Sri Lanka, where he continued his studies of English, Sanskrit, Hindi and Sinhalese languages. While at Colombo he took the London G.C.E. (A level) examination and passed. In 1967 he was appointed by Venerable Mahasi Sayadaw as a meditation teacher at Mahasi Sasana Yeiktha, Yangon. In 1977 Sayadaw Ashin Janakabhivamsa took up residence at Chanmyay Yeiktha Meditation Center which was donated to him by some devotees and became the abbot of the center. He has been since then well known as Chanmyay Sayadaw.

32. Modern History Sourcebook: British Government Statement: Policy In Burma, May 19 Back to Modern history SourceBook. Modern history Sourcebook BritishGovernment Statement Policy In burma, May 1945. The considered http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1945-burma-ukpolicy.html

Back to Modern History SourceBook Modern History Sourcebook: British Government Statement: Policy In Burma, May 1945 The considered policy of His Majesty's Government of promoting full self -government in Burma has frequently been declared. It Is and has consistently been our aim to assist her political development till she can sustain the responsibilities of complete self-government within the British Commonwealth and consequently attain a status equal to that of the Dominions and of this country. 2. Inevitably Burma's progress towards full self -government has been interrupted and set back by, the Japanese invasion and the long interval of enemy occupation and active warfare in her territories, during which she has suffered grave damage not only in the form of material destruction but in a shattering of the foundations of her economic and social life. It is, of course, upon these foundations that a political structure rests, and until the foundations are once' again firm the political institutions which were in operation before the Japanese invasion cannot be restored. . . . 4. . . . It is the intention of His Majesty's Government that when conditions are sufficiently restored to make it possible to hold an election and terminate the operation of Section 139, the normal provisions of the Act (unless amended by the incorporation of temporary provisions which had been found to commend themselves to Burmans) will re-enter into force. A General Election could then be held, and a Legislature formed with the same degree of authority, over the same range of matters as it enjoyed before the Japanese invasion.

33. Modern History Sourcebook: U Nu: Burma Looks Ahead, 1951 The history of burma from the beginning at Tagaung of Abhiraja to theend of Thibaw's reign has been a history of kings and kingdoms. http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1951Nu-burma1.html

Back to Modern History SourceBook Modern History Sourcebook: U Nu: Burma Looks Ahead, 1951 THE TASK BEFORE US Convocation Address by Prime Minister U Nu of Burma at the University of Rangoon, December 22, 1951 Today I am to confer degrees to the candidates who have succeeded in the University examination. But I want to do more than that. I want to confer a charge to all students, not only to the students here assembled, but to all students all over Burma. This charge is none other than to bring about in this country of ours a state of affairs which will no longer be fluid and unstable like the surface of the sea but as firm as terra firma. Before I expatiate on the magnitude of this charge let me go a little into the past history of our Union of Burma. Then only you will realize- (1) how badly dilapidated this Union of Burma is, (2) why she is so dilapidated, (3) and how much hard work lies ahead of us to build her up again. The history of Burma from the beginning at Tagaung of Abhiraja to the end of Thibaw's reign has been a history of kings and kingdoms. As you know, kings were not elected by the people but derived their power from their own might and succession, so that, apart from such great kings as Anawrahta, Bayinnaung, Alaungpaya and Mindonmin, most kings had very little to do with the mass of the people. They seldom bothered themselves about the five main pillars of Health, Education, Morals, Economics and National Solidarity which must support a nation. It was the people themselves who had to build and tend these pillars as far as they were able throughout the course of history. Thus throughout the course of history these five pillars had never been well and truly set up. After Thibaw, there were the British rulers. They too were not elected by the people. They were here not to bother about the five pillars but to exploit our country of rice, timber, oil and minerals. . . .

34. Free Burma: General Info Very briefly, what's the modern history there? burma was colonizedby the British in 1886 and became independent in 1948. There http://www.ibiblio.org/freeburma/geninfo.html

What's the Story with Burma? Why not start with a short picture tour ? It's short, educating, very graphic, and to the point. You can skip it, but if you check it out, you'll probably be asking yourself the following few questions... Frequently Asked Questions Very briefly, what's the modern history there? Why don't the people complain? Why don't the people vote the military out of power? What's the difference between Burma and Myanmar? ... Tell me a little bit about the culture. Very briefly, what's the modern history there? Burma was colonized by the British in 1886 and became independent in 1948. There was a brief period of parliamentary democracy when U Nu served as Prime Minister until 1962 when he was deposed in a military coup by General Ne Win. Apparently Ne Win didn't know what to do next. He's not an economist, not a scientist, not even a politician. He's a general. Since the coup, Burma has been a repressed country cut off from the rest of the world. Ne Win began a policy of extreme isolationism, non-alignment and neutrality. He rejected investments by Western and other foreign governments, nationalized industry, banks, the import/export trade, and retail business. To retain power through such tragic failure he used the skills he had as a general: fear, disappearances, murders, arrests, and torture. He is believed still to wield power.

35. Ibiblio > Collection Index > Geography, Biography, And History > Geography - Bur Online burma Library Annotated and classified links to thousandsof full text documents on burma. The Online burma Library also http://www.ibiblio.org/collection/collection.php?second=87

36. Burma Project - History Of Distrust Puts Thai-Myanmar Ties On Brink Scholars note that throughout burma's history, its kings had not always been successfulin exerting control over small independent centres, particularly in http://www.burmaproject.org/061302history_thai_myanmar_disputes.html

History of Distrust Puts Thai-Myanmar Ties on Brink Lee Kim Chew,The Straits Times, June 13, 2002 IN TIMES of emergency, blood inspires unity - this was the line a local Myanmar leader used at a rally to stir up patriotic fervour as tension with Thailand escalated. The government-sponsored rally on June 2 in Taunggyi town marks a new stage in the deterioration of ties between the two neighbours. As Myanmar's military regime steps up its war against Shan and Karen rebels along the border with Thailand, it also plays the nationalist card to rally the people and bolster its claim as the country's legitimate rulers. The historical enmity between the two neighbours has been given a sting that will make it harder for Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra to improve ties with Yangon's generals. Until recently, the junta had organised outdoor rallies to denounce internal enemies of the state. Now it organises them to condemn the Thais for conspiring with anti-Yangon insurgents to destabilise Myanmar. In press conferences, Myanmar's military spokesmen call the Thais 'Yoda- ya', a historical name that harks back to 1767 when the Burmese army sacked the ancient Siamese capital Ayudhya.

37. HyperWar: Burma, 1942 Illustrated history of the United States Army's operations in burma, 7 December 194126 May 1942. http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USA/USA-C-Burma/index.html

Burma, 1942 The U.S. Army Campaigns of World War II General Stilwell's party hikes from Burma to India. (National Archives) Introduction World War II was the largest and most violent armed conflict in the history of mankind. However, the half century that now separates us from that conflict has exacted its toll on our collective knowledge. While World War II continues to absorb the interest of military scholars and historians, as well as its veterans, a generation of Americans has grown to maturity largely unaware of the political, social, and military implications of a war that, more than any other, united us as a people with a common purpose. Highly relevant today, World War II has much to teach us, not only about the profession of arms, but also about military preparedness, global strategy, and combined operations in the coalition war against fascism. During the next several years, the U.S. Army will participate in the nation's 50th anniversary commemoration of World War II. The commemoration will include the publication of various materials to help educate Americans about that war. The works produced will provide great opportunities to learn about and renew pride in an Army that fought so magnificently in what has been called "the mighty endeavor." World War II was waged on land, on sea, and in the air over several diverse theaters of operation for approximately six years. The following essay is one of a series of campaign studies highlighting those struggles that, with their accompanying suggestions for further reading, are designed to introduce you to one of the Army's significant military feats from that war.

38. Ghosh Parimal History: American/Military, Burma, History, 1824-1948, History - G Ghosh Parimal history American/Military, burma, history, 18241948,history - General history, Southeast Asia. Ghosh Parimal history http://www.cleverbook-outlet.com/Ghosh-Parimal-Brave-Men-of-the-0824822072.html

Ghosh Parimal History: American/Military, Burma, History, 1824-1948, History - General History, Southeast Asia Title: Brave Men of the Hills : Resistance and Rebellion in Burma, 1825-1932 Subject: History: American/Military, Burma, History, 1824-1948, History - General History, Southeast Asia Subject2 History Author: Ghosh Parimal Zheng Zhenman, Michael Szonyi ... Adolphson Mikael S. The Gates... Kornicki Peter F. The Book in... Reader Ian Religious Violence... ... Home

39. Burma Travel A country guide featuring travel tips, maps and history. http://www.travel-burma.com/

Emerging from the shadows, Burma now beckons, offering infinite beauty and a way of life that is literally out of this world.

40. 1Up Travel > History And Culture Of Myanmar Or Burma. history CULTURE. history Archaelogical findings reveal that Myanmar'shistory dates back over 5,000 years ago. Early Myanmars were http://www.1uptravel.com/international/asia/myanmar-or-burma/history-culture.htm

Flags Maps Sightseeing Travel Warnings ... Travel Reservations and Bookings More Categories Introduction Topography Local Life Local Cuisine Local Holidays Festivals-Events Embassies Administration News Stand Worth a See !! Sight Seeing Maps Flags Shopping Eating Out Recreation Travel Essentials Country Facts Geography People Government Economy Communications Transportation Military Search 1Up Travel You are here 1Up Travel Countries of the World Asia Myanmar or Burma ADVERTISEMENT Country At a Glance Introduction Topography History-Culture Local Life ... Newstand Worth a Visit !! Cities Sight Seeing Maps Shopping ... Travel Links Country Facts Introduction Geography People Government ... Transnational issues Related Country Guide Detailed Maps Hotel Database Country Flag ... Travel Warning History Archaelogical findings reveal that Myanmar's history dates back over 5,000 years ago. Early Myanmars were said to be Mons from Cambodia, Mongol Burmans from the eastern Himalayas and Thai tribes from northern Thailand. The Mons and the Pyu established several kingdoms throughout the country from the 1st century A.D. to the 10th century A.D. The First Myanmar Empire in Bagan lasted more than 20 years before the Norman Conquest of England in 1066. For the next 2 centuries, Myanmar remained in chaos. Only in the mid-16th century did the Second Myanmar Empire was founded. It was during this time that the British moved into Myanmar and made it into a British colony. Indians and Chinese arrived together with the British when the country developed into a major rice exporter.

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