21. Chinese Culture Handouts Each handout is a brief learning module about a particular subject such as confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism, Legalism, Dynasty briefs http://www.cohums.ohio-state.edu/deall/jin.3/c231/handouts/default.htm

syllabus images references scores ... daily schedule List of available handouts Culture and Geography People Prehistory The Chou Dynasty ... Chinese Literature (prepared by Jeremy) Traditional Chinese Customs Traditional Chinese Festivals syllabus images ... daily schedule

22. Confucianism Sacred Texts Buy Sacred Texts CDROM Sacred Texts confucianism BookshopIndex Internet Sacred Text com! confucianism. By purchasing http://www.sacred-texts.com/books/cfu.htm

Sacred Texts Buy Sacred Texts CD-ROM Sacred Texts: Confucianism Bookshop Index ... new version 1.2 now in stock at Amazon.com! Confucianism By purchasing books through the links on this page, you will support the ongoing work of the Internet Sacred Text Archive. Thanks! Note: since the selection of books seen here is generated by Amazon's search engine, we can't guarantee all results will be relevant. If you don't see something you like, refresh your browser and see what else comes up or click on the link 'Search for more books about Confucianism'. Search for more books about Confucianism BOOKS ON: African Spirituality Age of Reason Alchemy Ancient Egypt ... Classics Confucianism DNA Charles Fort Goddesses Gothic ... Zoroastrianism

23. Confucius.org An introduction to Confucius, his philosophy and the tradition of confucianism in China and East Asia, both for beginners and experts. http://www.confucius.org/

24. What Confucius Thought A brief summary of the basic concepts behind one of the world's oldest philosophies, Chinese confucianism. http://www.heptune.com/confuciu.html

What Confucius Thought by Megaera Lorenz Confucius, since he lived in a war-torn society, was largely concerned with improving government and society. He was convinced that the problem with government and society was a lack of virtue. There were not enough government workers of the ideal kind that Confucius's pupil Zizhang described: A public servant who on confronting danger is prepared to lay down his life, who on confronting gain concentrates on what is right, who when sacrificing concentrates on reverence, who when mourning concentrates on grief should definitely be all right. (19:1, Analects This description covers most of the qualities Confucius considered virtuous: sincerity and a willingness to learn, minimal desire for material things, and loyalty. Other factors important in being virtuous included self cultivation, filial piety, extensive knowledge of ritual and poetry, humility, and a good grasp on how to conduct oneself when dealing with other people. Confucius also thought that how you go about trying to achieve something is more important than actually achieving it. Confucius believed that, because the rulers at his time were not virtuous, they did not please the common people (another important requirement for good government), and incited attacks on themselves from the other warring states. He pointed to the actions of successful historical figures as examples of good and virtuous behavior.

25. Confucianism As A Way Of Chinese Life Confucius and confucianism Confucius and his Time; confucianism A Philosophy, Nota Religion; The cult of worshipping one's ancestors predates confucianism. http://beatl.barnard.columbia.edu/reacting/china/confucianism.html

Introduction to the Course Athens Greece, 403 B.C.E. if(document.all) document.write(""); Introduction to Athens Technical Aspects Session Agendas Summary Table ... Pertinent Documents if(document.all) document.write(""); else document.write(""); China, 1587 if(document.all) document.write(""); Introduction to China Rules The Ming Dynasty Confucianism ... Readings if(document.all) document.write(""); else document.write(""); Anne Hutchinson, 1638 if(document.all) document.write(""); Introduction to Anne Deep Background Theology of Puritanism Terms to Memorize ... Appendices if(document.all) document.write(""); else document.write(""); Reacting Fellows, 2000-2001 Confucius and Confucianism Confucius and his Time Confucianism: A Philosophy, Not a Religion Moral Dimension Main Moral Concepts ... Concept of History and Dynastic Rule Click here for printable version. Confucius and his Time Back to Top Confucianism: A Philosophy, Not a Religion Although Confucianism is often described as a religion, it is not in the formal sense. Confucius did not write about the gods except to indicate that he accepted the religious beliefs of his day. Neither he nor his followers challenged the existing beliefs in a pantheon of gods and the spirit world which included the spirits of one's prominent ancestors. The cult of worshipping one's ancestors pre-dates Confucianism. This custom had been formalized under the Zhou dynasty. Princely families had the right to worship their ancestors from the founder of their family line to the present. Secondary families in theory were only supposed to be allowed to worship their last 4 generations of ancestors. The head of the family acted as the high priest of the cult and had the responsibility to see that the ancestors were properly worshipped. Powerful ancestors, like any other spirit, had to be placated because they could still have an impact on the natural world.

26. Confucianism confucianism. What is confucianism? It is a world full bloom. Hsüntzu(c. 300 - c. 235 BC). right wing confucianism. He assumed http://www.cohums.ohio-state.edu/deall/jin.3/c231/handouts/h5.htm

Confucianism What is Confucianism? It is a world view, a social ethic, a political ideology, a scholarly tradition and a way of life. Confucius (551 - 479 B.C.) Origin of the term The noun is "Confucius", the Latinization of K'ung Fu-tzu , or "Master K'ung". The term was coined in Europe in the 18th century. Social background During the Chou Dynasty, China's economy expanded rapidly. The introduction of iron-making replaced bronze. As a result, farmers were able to cultivate the land more effectively and feed more men. Iron weapons, on the other hand, let soldiers fight more effectively. The wealth and power of the nobles grew rapidly. They struggled for more power. The Chou king, however, was not prepared to meet the challenge to their authority. For example, in an attempt to please the whim of his new bride, the king repeatedly lit misleading signal fires for help at the top of the hills. When the nobles came, they laughed at them. So at last, when the real enemy came, the nobles did not came. The king and the bride were killed. As a result, the capital had to be moved eastward. A new regime (Eastern Chou) was subsequently established. Now, the nobles had more power. At last, they chose not to obey the king any more. Instead, they fought among themselves for more power and the honor of being the "protector" of the king. This is the "Warring States period" (403-221 BC). Life of Confucius He was born in the small feudal state of Lu noted for its preservation of the tradition of ritual and music of the Chou civilization.

27. Confucianism confucianism. confucianism returned as an orthodox state teaching. Neoconfucianism.The intellectual activities of the Sung dynasty http://www.cohums.ohio-state.edu/deall/jin.3/c231/refs/confism.htm

Confucianism Confucian Schools of Thought Neo-Confucianism Confucianism is a major system of thought in China, developed from the teachings of Confucius and his disciples, and concerned with the principles of good conduct, practical wisdom, and proper social relationships. Confucianism has influenced the Chinese attitude toward life, set the patterns of living and standards of social value, and provided the background for Chinese political theories and institutions. It has spread from China to Korea, Japan, and Vietnam and has aroused interest among Western scholars. Although Confucianism became the official ideology of the Chinese state, it has never existed as an established religion with a church and priesthood. Chinese scholars honored Confucius as a great teacher and sage but did not worship him as a personal god. Nor did Confucius himself ever claim divinity. Unlike Christian churches, the temples built to Confucius were not places in which organized community groups gathered to worship, but public edifices designed for annual ceremonies, especially on the philosopher's birthday. Several attempts to deify Confucius and to proselyte Confucianism failed because of the essentially secular nature of the philosophy. The principles of Confucianism are contained in the nine ancient Chinese works handed down by Confucius and his followers, who lived in an age of great philosophic activity. These writings can be divided into two groups: the

28. The Spiritual Sanctuary Celebrates Confucianism confucianism is something of a derivative. It shaped Chinese thought and character.An excerpt from A Synopsis of the Ethics of confucianism by Fritz G. Cohen. http://www.thespiritualsanctuary.org/Confucianism/Confucianism.html

The music is called Village by Tai Chee Wei An excerpt from A Synopsis of the Ethics of Confucianism by Fritz G. Cohen Man's mind consists of Dao-mind and human-mind,which are all given by God. Everything being perfect and perfect in Dao-mind, nothing needs to depend on outside oneself or search for anything. Dao-mind is like a mirror which reflects God's love and wisdom. An excerpt from Confucianism and Meditation FROM CONFLICT TO HARMONY The Confucian Response to Interfaith Dialogue Xinzhong Yao The Annual Lecture of International Interfaith Centre, 14 November, 1996, to be published in World Faiths Encouter, March, 1997 INTRODUCTION It is a great privilege to be here to discuss with you about Confucianism and interfaith dialogue. For a long period in the past, Confucian studies were greatly promoted and expanded at Oxford, perhaps more than anywhere else in the Western world. The translations of, and the works on, Confucian classics by Oxford professors, such as James Legge and William Soothill, were attempts to examine the Confucian doctrines in the light of Christian understanding; they were filled with the spirit of inter-religious dialogue, and are still some of the most stimulating and insightful sources for the Western readers of Confucian classics. Does this mean that Confucianism has no value at all to today's life? Is Confucianism merely a source of conflicts but having nothing to contribute to inter-religious reconciliation? It is true that unlike other living faiths, Confucianism has lost its organisational and institutional mechanism. However, organisation and institution are never taken to be the sole foundation of Confucianism. Rather, the power and force of Confucianism lies in its values and ideals, the essentials of which have become part of the ways of the Chinese life. In this sense, we may say that Confucianism as a value system is still functioning in today's world and as a living force Confucianism holds not only the motives of social integration but also the solutions and resolutions of inter-religious conflict.

29. Japanese Confucianism Click Here. Religion confucianism. Homepage. BC. confucianism is one ofthe three traditional Chinese religions besides Taoism and Buddhism. http://www.japan-guide.com/e/e2300.html

Religion Confucianism Homepage Travel to Japan Living in Japan Language Food History Arts and Crafts Forum Japan PenFriend Discussion Forum Question Forum Live Chat Classifieds More Photo Gallery Link Directory Marketplace Local Surveys japan-shop.com Contact us Home Religion History Shinto ... Cheap Airfare The great philosopher Confucius (Kong Fu Zi) lived in China from 551 to 479 BC. Confucianism is one of the three traditional Chinese religions besides Taoism and Buddhism . According to early Japanese writings, it was introduced to Japan via Korea in the year 285 AD. Some of the most important Confucian principles are humanity, loyality, morality and consideration on an individual and political level. Neo-Confucianism (especially Chu Hsi Confucianism) was the most important philosophy of Tokugawa Japan in government and education. Its influence on Japanese society has been intensiv which is still very obvious today. Kong Fu Zi - Confucius Keith Ammann Very informative Confucius site. Confucius, K'ung-fu-tzu The Proceedings of the Friesian School Introduction to Confucianism ingeneral. Tokugawa Neo-Confucianism World Cultures Introduction to Japanese Neo-Confucianism of the Edo period.

30. NOECONFUCIAN This chapter discusses the main outlines of Neoconfucianism in itstwo schools the School of Mind and the School of Principle. http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~dee/CHPHIL/NEO.HTM

Chinese Glossary T'ien School of Mind or Intuition , whose greatest thinker was Wang Yang-ming, and the School of Principle , which culminated in the great thought of Chu Hsi (1130-1200). Both schools agreed that the world consisted of two realms: the realm of principle li ) (which we might call "laws") and the realm of material force ch'i ). Principle governs material force and material force makes manifest principle; the ultimate origin of principle is in a single principle, called the Great Ultimate tao ch'i Richard Hooker Change to . . . Pre-Confucian China and the Five Classics Confucius Mencius Lao Tzu and Taoism MoTzu The Legalists The Han Synthesis Yin and Yang Wu-hsing: The Five Material Agents Neo-Confucianism Anthology of Chinese Readings Glossary of Chinese Culture and History Internet Resources on China About "Chinese Philosophy" Bibliography of Sources ©1996, Richard Hooker For information contact: Richard Hines Updated 6-6-1999

31. Tokugawa Neo-Confucianism Tokugawa Ieyasu's central concern was the restoration of peace and order to warravagedJapan; in order to accomplish this, he turned to China and confucianism http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~dee/TOKJAPAN/NEO.HTM

Japan Glossary Bakufu Daimyo system of government, the bakufu , or military, government of the Tokugawa shogunate reserved the right to inspect the 250 or so autonomous territories, or han under the control of various daimyo . In order to oversee all these territories, about three-fourths of Japan, and autonomous daimyo , the Tokugawa shogunate established an elaborate bureaucracy modelled after the Chinese imperial bureaucracy. Although Confucianism had been rooted in Japan since the sixth century A.D., it had largely been confined to Buddhist monasteries; however, Tokugawa Ieyasu turned to Confucianism, particularly Neo-Confucianism, as he began to build the bureaucracy which would eventually bring about over 260 years of domestic peace. Fujiwara Seika met Fujiwara Seika (1561-1619) long before he rose to the shogunate and still served under Toyotomi Hideyoshi . Seika was a devoted student of China and Chinese poetry, and became convinced that the most important advance in China was the establishment of Neo-Confucianism as the official orthodoxy. Its great virtue was its secularity; it focussed on the rational understanding of the human and material worlds.

32. Confucianism: An Introduction A brief historical overview of confucianism and description of basic Confucian beliefs. AnIntroduction to confucianism. Dr. Meredith Sprunger. VI. confucianism. http://www.ubfellowship.org/archive/readers/601_confucianism.htm

Site Index E-mail us Religious Issues Archive An Introduction to Confucianism Dr. Meredith Sprunger This document contains a brief historical overview of Confucianism and a description of basic Confucian beliefs. Related Documents in this archive: The Social Problems of Religion Religion in Human Experience The Urantia Book's synopsis of Confucian teachings VI. CONFUCIANISM The Religion of Social Propriety Confucianism has been the chief cultural influence of China for centuries. The teachings of Confucius were never intended to be a religion. It has no revelatory sacred writings, no priesthood, no doctrine of an afterlife, and frowned on asceticism and monasticism. Later Confucius was deified and raised to the rank of Emperor and Co-assessor with the deities in Heaven and Earth. Official animal sacrifices were made at the tomb of Confucius for centuries. In 1982 Confucianism claims 156,070,100 adherents. The Chinese name of Confucius was Kung. His disciples called him Kung, the master (Kung Fu-tse) which western missionaries Latinized to "Confucius." He was born in 551 B. C. of an aristocratic family who had lost their wealth and position. His father, who died before Confucius was three, is said to have been a famous warrior of gigantic size and strength who was seventy years old when Confucius was conceived. Confucius was the youngest of eleven children. He grew up in poverty but received a good education. In his teens he accepted a minor government position, married and fathered a son but the marriage ended in divorce.

33. Confucianism confucianism. Put simply, confucianism is the quest for order. Mostof the ideology dictates that the primary focus of Confucian http://mcel.pacificu.edu/as/students/vb/Confuci.HTM

Confucianism Put simply, Confucianism is the quest for order. Most of the ideology dictates that the primary focus of Confucian doctrine is to balance the relationships of individual family, and society with the Five Agents of the Universe. More a method of management than an actual religion, it became a mode by which rulers and civic leaders could run the bureaucracy of the state. For the most part, Vietnam was considered a Confucian state until the mid nineteenth century. The Confucian state is often stratified into classes, and only the most scholarly elite need conform to Confucian ideals. Leaders were decided by examination over sacred texts. As a result, the peasant or farmer had little to say over the workings of their government. Confucianism is not an exclusionary doctrine, it works well with other moral codes and can synthesize easily. In Vietnam, Confucianism was used primarily for the running of the state, and Taoism and Buddhism for the morality of its citizens. Most of the issues that the Confucian scholars concerned themselves with, during their tenure in power was the proper regulation of the state from the top down and the division of communal property among the citizenry. The Confucian system of philosophy lost prominence in more recent history, but is still common among government bureaucrats and leaders. Back to Home Page

34. Confucianism confucianism. Although confucianism became the official ideology of the state, ithas never existed as an established religion with a church and priesthood. http://www.crystalinks.com/confucianism.html

Confucianism Confucius (551B.C. - 479B.C.) is regarded as a great philosopher and a great sage of China. For more than 2,000 years, the ideas of Confucius have influenced Chinese culture, which in turn sculpted the world-view of neighboring countries such as Korea, Japan and Southeast Asia. Confucianism is a major system of thought in China, developed from the teachings of the Chinese philosopher Confucius and his disciples, and concerned with the principles of good conduct, practical wisdom, and proper social relationships. Confucianism has influenced the Chinese attitude toward life, set the patters of living and standards of social value, and provided the background for Chinese political theories and institutions. Although Confucianism became the official ideology of the state, it has never existed as an established religion with a church and priesthood. Chinese scholars honored Confucius as a great teacher and sage, but did not worship him as a personal god. Nor did Confucius ever claim divinity. The principles of Confucianism are contained in nine ancient Chinese works handed down by Confucius and his followers. These teachings can be divided into two groups: the Five Classics and the Four Books. The keynote of Confucian ethics is ren, variously translated as "benevolence", "love", "goodness", and "humanity". In personal relations, ren is manifested in zhong, or faithfulness to oneself and others, and shu, or decency. Other important Confucian virtues include righteousness (yi), propriety (li), wisdom (zhi), trustworthiness (xin), and filial piety (xiao).

35. Lesson: Women And Confucianism (Women In World History Curriculum) Classroom Lesson Series. Women and confucianism © 2001 Women In WorldHistory Curriculum. For 2,500 years Confucian teachings have http://www.womeninworldhistory.com/lesson3.html

Classroom Lesson Series Women and Confucianism For 2,500 years Confucian teachings have influenced the thought and behavior of peoples in China, Korea, Japan, and Vietnam. A major emphasis of Asian women scholars has been the examination of Confucian ideology on their history and current status. Scholar Xiao Ma has said: "Women always have been fighting for a way out of the Confucian shadows." Although the early Chinese had no real commitment to subordination of women, over time Confucian teachings were expanded upon. It was during the Han dynasty (206 B.C.E. - 220 C.E.) that Confucianism was adopted as the government's state doctrine, with his thoughts becoming part of official education. In later dynasties, Neoconfucian interpretations further reinforced male authority and patrilineal customs. According to the Confucian structure of society, women at every level were to occupy a position lower than men. Most Confucians accepted the subservience of women to men as natural and proper. At the same time they accorded women's honor and power as mother and mother-in-law within their family. Through the years a whole body of literature was written, educating women on self-discipline, etiquette, relationships with in-laws, household management, humility, and chastity. Biographies written about admirable women emphasized their unselfish loyal and self-sacrificing willingness to do anything to help their husband and his family. Although ideology is one thing and the reality of the lives of women often another, the long shadow of basic beliefs about the nature and role of women had far-reaching effects. This activity offers traditional sayings based on interpretations of Confucian beliefs to help raise awareness of the implications of such sayings on women's historic participation and status in their societies.

36. Confucianism - Wikipedia confucianism. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. confucianism Historicaldevelopment of confucianism. Was there a confucianism? One http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confucianism

Main Page Recent changes Edit this page Older versions Special pages Set my user preferences My watchlist Recently updated pages Upload image files Image list Registered users Site statistics Random article Orphaned articles Orphaned images Popular articles Most wanted articles Short articles Long articles Newly created articles Interlanguage links All pages by title Blocked IP addresses Maintenance page External book sources Printable version Talk Log in Help Other languages: Confucianism From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Confucianism Scholars ") is an East Asian belief system formulated in the 5th century BC and followed by people in China Korea Japan Vietnam and other Asian countries for more than two thousand years. This great ethical and philosophical system is named after its founder, K'ung Fu-tzu Confucius by Jesuit missionaries. This form became the convention in most western languages, and accordingly we shall refer to him by this westernised name. He is reputed to have written (or at least compiled and edited) a number of books, but the best-known of these is the Analects It is debatable whether the system he founded should be called a religion . While it prescribes a great deal of ritual, little of it could be construed as worship or meditation in a formal sense. Confucius occasionally made statements about the existence of other-worldly beings that sound distinctly

37. Confucianism. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001 2001. confucianism. In its early form (before the 3d cent. BC) confucianism wasprimarily a system of ethical precepts for the proper management of society. http://www.bartleby.com/65/co/Confucia.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference Columbia Encyclopedia PREVIOUS NEXT ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Confucianism (k nfy n z m) ( KEY ) , moral and religious system of China. Its origins go back to the

38. FORE: Religion- Confucianism-Introduction Introduction to confucianism. confucianism and Ecology Potentialand Limits. Mary Evelyn Tucker Bucknell University. Introduction http://environment.harvard.edu/religion/religion/confucianism/

Powered by Systran Forum on Religion and Ecology Information Religion ... Religion Confucianism Bibliography Sacred Texts Links Hinduism ... Islam Introduction to Confucianism Confucianism and Ecology: Potential and Limits Mary Evelyn Tucker Bucknell University Introduction and a comprehensive ethics embracing both humans and nature. I Ching (Book of Changes). the material force of the universe. This is the unifying element of the cosmos and creates the basis for a profound reciprocity between humans and the natural world. Material force as the substance of life is the basis for the continuing process of change and transformation in the universe. The term sheng-sheng, Comprehensive Ethics With the Confucian emphasis on the continuity of the family there is a strong ethic of indebtedness to past generations and obligations to descendants. Within this moral framework there is the potential for evoking a sense of self-restraint and communal responsibility toward the environmental well-being of future generations. In other words, the Confucian emphasis on lineage (ensuring continuity from the ancestors to the heirs) may be raised to another ethical perspective, namely, intergenerational obligations toward maintaining a healthy environment. On this basis it could be argued that unlimited development or unrestrained consumption should be curtailed.

39. Faculty Of Asian Studies: Confucianism, A Bibliography confucianism a Bibliography to the Song Dynasty. RETURN TO TITLE PAGE. 1. Collectionsof essays on confucianism in general. Return to table of contents. http://www.anu.edu.au/asianstudies/publications/confbib.htm

Faculty of Asian Studies EDUCATION NEWS PUBLICATIONS ... LINKS Confucianism: a Bibliography [to the Song Dynasty] This list was originally compiled by Colin Jeffcott, Faculty of Asian Studies, Australian National University. It is meant as a collaborative venture: if you have an item you think should be included, please send it to: colin.jeffcott@anu.edu.au TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Collections of essays on Confucianism in general 2. General studies on Confucianism or themes relevant to its context. ... RETURN TO TITLE PAGE 1. Collections of essays on Confucianism in general Return to table of contents Eber, Irene, ed. Confucianism: The Dynamics of Tradition . New York, 1986. Fairbank, J.K., ed. Chinese Thought and Institutions. Chicago, 1957. Nivison, David S., and Arthur F. Wright, ed. Confucianism in Action . Stanford, 1959. Wright, Arthur F., and Denis Twitchett, ed. Confucian Personalities . Stanford, 1962. Wright, Arthur F., ed. The Confucian Persuasion . Stanford, 1960. Wright, Arthur F., ed., Studies in Chinese Thought , Chicago, 1953., ed. Studies in Chinese Thought. Chicago, 1953.

40. Confucianism http://philtar.ucsm.ac.uk/encyclopedia/confuc/

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