61. Civil War, 1642-1648 Restoration, 1660-1688 VIDEOS, cromwell, 1970, nc The english civil war, and oliver cromwell,documentaries, 55 min. each, from cromwell Productions, produced http://stabi.hs-bremerhaven.de/whkmla/region/britain/cromwell.html

Civil War, 1642-1648 Restoration, 1660-1688 Oliver and Richard Cromwell, 1648-1660 Since the BATTLE OF NASEBY 1645, OLIVER CROMWELL was a dominant figure in English politics. A devoted Puritan, he believed in the righteousness of the Parliamentarian cause. Soon after the civil war he pushed for CHARLES I. being tried and executed for treason (1649); Charles' wife and son had fled to France. England, for the time being, was without a king. Cromwell continued to campaign, against the Scots and in Catholic Ireland. Cromwell firmly believed that Catholicism in Ireland had to be crushed; in large scale he confiscated estates and pursued a program of settling protestant colonies on Irish soil, some of them being PENAL COLONIES (Connacht or death). In England, Parliament in 1651 passed the NAVIGATION ACT, which demanded that imports to England had to be brought in either by English ships or by shps sailing under the flag of the country of origin - a law directed against the Dutch who dominated world trade. It caused the first ANGLO-DUTCH WAR (1652-54). The war ended in a draw; Dutch complaints nothwithstanding the Navigation Act was not repealed. In 1653, Oliver Cromwell was declared LORD PROTECTOR of England. In 1654-59, England fought Spain, gaining JAMAICA (1655) and DUNKIRK (1658). Before peace was signed in 1659, Oliver Cromwell died, succeeded as Lord Protector by his son RICHARD CROMWELL (until 1660). In the 12 years following the civil war, the Cromwells have shaped English history. However, Parliament has proved unable to rule the country efficiently, and Cromwell ruled dictatorically rather than setting up republican institutions. Constitutional questions, for Cromwell, took second stage to religious questions.

62. English Civil War: The First Civil War encyclopediaEncyclopedia—english civil war The First civil war. indecisive engagementsof 1643 were remarkable mainly for the emergence of oliver cromwell, an http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/history/A0857997.html

Government Grant packages for business, homes and more...Claim your share! Looking for a bargain auto? Tranny broke? Engine blown? Dealing with Venture Capitalists is like playing poker..Learn how here! All Infoplease All Almanacs General Entertainment Sports Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Infoplease Home Almanacs Atlas Dictionary ... Fact Monster Kids' reference Info:Daily Fun facts Homework Center Newsletter You've got info! Help Site Map Visit related sites from: Family Education Network Encyclopedia English civil war The First Civil War The followers of king and Parliament did not represent two absolutely distinct social groups, as the popular conception of the royalist Cavaliers and the parliamentary Roundheads would indicate. However, it is true that the parliamentary, or Puritan, group drew much of its strength from the gentry and from the merchant classes and artisans of London, Norwich, Hull, Plymouth, and Gloucester; it centered in the southeastern counties and had control of the fleet. The majority of the great nobles followed the king, who had the support of most Anglicans and Roman Catholics; geographically the royalist strength centered in the north and west. The first major engagement of the armies at Edgehill (Oct. 23, 1642) was a drawn battle. Charles then established himself at Oxford. The royalist forces gained ground in the north and west, although repeated attempts by the king to advance on London proved abortive. The indecisive engagements of 1643 were remarkable mainly for the emergence of Oliver

63. English Civil War (plain) - Natural Resin Chess Sets - Chess-Shops.com english civil war (plain) A143. The Armies of King Charles I prepare to engage incombat with the rebellious forces led by oliver cromwell, the leader of the http://www.chess-shops.com/Natural_Resin_Chess_Sets_A143_English_Civil_War.asp

Natural Resin Chess Sets Finest quality English chess pieces, chess sets, chess boards, and chess accessories. Home Natural Resin Chess Sets This Category Alice in Wonderland (plain) Alice in Wonderland Centenary (plain) American Civil War (plain) American Revolutionary War (plain) ... Wizard of Oz (plain) English Civil War (plain) click image for a closer view Matching Boards Available Seperately It is England in 1645. The Armies of King Charles I prepare to engage in combat with the rebellious forces led by Oliver Cromwell, the leader of the Parliamentary Army. From this important period of English history, the craftsmen and sculptors have created a superb chess set full of details common to that turbulent period. king size: fits square size: Available for Immediate Order. This item is either in stock or due in the next few days. You may order using the Free Shipping option or the low-cost UPS Express Shipping option at the checkout. If there are any delays we will contact you immediately. $ 173.16 US Dollars

64. English Civil War (plain) Chess Set - Characters Themed Chess Sets - Chess-Shop english civil war (plain) A143 Natural Resin Chess Sets. Charles I prepare to engagein combat with the rebellious forces led by oliver cromwell, the leader of http://www.chess-shops.com/Natural_Resin_Chess_Sets_A143_English_Civil_War_Chara

Characters Themed Chess Sets Finest quality English chess pieces, chess sets, chess boards, and chess accessories. Home Characters Theme Page This Theme American Civil War (decorated) American Civil War (painted metal) American Civil War (plain) American Revolutionary War (decorated) ... Westminster Abbey (plain) English Civil War (plain) Natural Resin Chess Sets click image for a closer view Matching Boards Available Seperately It is England in 1645. The Armies of King Charles I prepare to engage in combat with the rebellious forces led by Oliver Cromwell, the leader of the Parliamentary Army. From this important period of English history, the craftsmen and sculptors have created a superb chess set full of details common to that turbulent period. king size: fits square size: Available for Immediate Order. This item is either in stock or due in the next few days. You may order using the Free Shipping option or the low-cost UPS Express Shipping option at the checkout. If there are any delays we will contact you immediately. $ 173.16 US Dollars

65. The English Civil War to a French catholic are a cause of the english civil war. Which battle ended thefirst civil war with the of England after the death of oliver cromwell in 1658 http://www.users.globalnet.co.uk/~aliandy/KS3_2/civwar.htm

Historygcse.org The English Civil War By Andy Walker Year 8 revision test from Historygcse.org Who was the King of England at the start of the civil war? Henry VIII James I James II Charles I In which year did the civil war begin? What was the name of one of Charles I's deeply unpopular taxes? poll tax income tax ship money inheritance tax Who was the French catholic princess who married Charles I? Henrietta Maria Marie Antoinette Maria del Carmen Grande Martin Marie Osmond When did Charles dissolve Parliament and start what became known as the "eleven years tyranny" What word means a politcal system where there is no monarch? republic monarchy democracy commonwealth A war is a war within a country Who was Charles I's deeply unpopular advisor? Farrow Cromwell Bradshaw Buckingham Peoples' dislike of Charles' taxes is an cause of the English Civil war Objections and suspicions that followed the marriage of Charles to a French catholic are a cause of the English civil war These people were the first people to protest about the Roman Catholic Church. Who were they? catholics protestants baptists mormons Very serious protestants were called.....

66. The Battle Of Winceby: Chronology Of The English Civil Wars Chronology of the english civil wars. Second civil war 16481651 The Scots, who arenow loyal England, July 1648 Battle of Preston, oliver cromwell defeats the http://www.magweb.com/sample/sced/5winchro.htm

Chronology of the English Civil Wars by Paul G. Cooper In an era dominated by the "Divine Right of Kings," England dared to create the first modern democracy. The years of 1642 through 1688 saw England undergoing a vast governmental change. Charles I, King of England from 1625 to 1649, touted the theory of the Divine Right of Kings, a medieval throwback proclaiming the king's absolute power over his subjects, limited only by his noblese oblige . This was during Louis XIV's time, when kings sought to secure absolute power and destroy all opposition. Unlike Louis, who succeeded in his quest for power, Charles I's inept handling of England's political, military, and religious affairs allowed for the creation of a highly effective opposition further solidified by the king's higher taxes and his ignoring the wishes of Parliament. Charles' failure to split the opposition via social class and economic prosperity finally led to a popular revolt led by Parliament on 2 January 1642. First Civil War 1642-1646 Battle of Edgehill, 23 October 1642

67. English Civil War - Suite101.com Hi 360 years ago this year the english civil war was in full swing. Most peoplewill have heard of, oliver cromwell who cut the King's head off, but what http://www.suite101.com/discussion.cfm/16585/87911

Topics Articles Links BEST OF WEB ONLINE COURSES COMMUNITIES BOOK CIRCLE ... MY SUITE Search Within: History and Politics Suite101.com Member Central Join Our Community! Login Member Update What's New ... TravelSuite Suite University About Suite University Visit the University Course Listing New Courses ... Featured Courses New Topics Electronica Basketball Teaching Creative Writing to Children Maine People ... More... Suite Events My Favorite Place War and Peace Spring Into Health! Earth Day 2003 More about Suite101 About Suite101.com - Select a related topic - African History Alternative History Ancient British History British Social History Canadian Politics Crimean War Great American Plains History For Children India Probe Inspirational Biographies International Affairs and Kids British History Liechtenstein Life in Canada Louisiana Maine People Native American History North American Genealogy Peace Process Pirates and Privateers Politics - Democratic Politics Conservative Politics East Asia Short Stories and Tales Shropshire Past and Prese Stalin The American Civil War The Cold War The Old West The Roman Empire The Underground Railroad Tudor England United States Labor Histo US History 1929-1945 Women's History World War II - Select a related course - Châteaus of France Early Arthurian Britain Genealogy for Beginners Genealogy: Researching Im Henry VIII and his Wives King or Parliament? - The

68. RM.COM Error Page of the english civil war . The causes of the war and a civil war overview. An explorationof the lives and characters of King Charles I and oliver cromwell. http://www.rm.com/secondary/Products/Product.asp?cref=PD787

69. AP Euro WWW Resources oliver cromwell Biography from the Victorian Web. english civil war english civilwar - interactive text about the period, and the figures involved in it. http://www.ncf.ca/ap/resources/euro/seven.htm

70. The Abraham Cowley Text And Image Archive: University Of Virginia Links to english civil war Chronology and Commentary; oliver cromwell's InternetPortal ; cromwell felling The Royall Oake of Brittayne (reproduced from http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/kinney/cromwell.html

The Abraham Cowley Text and Image Archive Cromwell and Adversaries Thomas Wentworth, Earl of Strafford The Trial of Strafford Henrietta Maria, Charles I's Queen Prince Rupert, Charles I's Nephew Charles I Cromwell at Fifty-One Links to English Civil War Chronology and Commentary Oliver Cromwell's Internet Portal Cromwell felling "The Royall Oake of Brittayne" reproduced from John Cooper's Oliver the First [London: Natl. Portrait Gallery, 1999]); and The Embleme of ENGLANDS Distractions engr. William Faithorne, 1658 ( British Library website *See discussion by Bruce Lawson, "The Body as a Political Construct: Oliver Cromwell's Image in William Faithorne's 1658 Emblematic Engraving," in Deviceful Settings: The English Renaissance Emblem and its Contexts , ed. M. Bath and D. Russell (New York, 1999), 113-38. Back to Civil War England and Aftermath

71. The English Civil War And Constitutionalism The english civil war (16421649) Cavaliers (supporters of the King); Roundheads (supporters of Parliament); oliver cromwell (1599-1658). Member of Parliament. http://people.history.ohio-state.edu/alrich1/h112transp-Englishcivilwar.htm

The English Civil War and Constitutionalism The Trial of King Charles I Began January 19, 1649 Accused of treason against England Spectators cried: "God save the King!" Charles was executed on January 30, 1649 Parliament House of Lords (nobility) House of Commons (landed gentry) The Tudors (Henry VIII and Elizabeth I) James I (r. 1603-1625) The first Stuart king of England "Divine right of kings" King James Version of the Bible (1611) Charles I (r. 1625-1649) "Petition of Right" (1628) Charles I dismissed Parliament (1629-1640) Archbishop William Laud, reintroduce Catholic rituals Puritans (Calvinist-influenced Anglicans) wished to "purify" the Church of England. Scottish revolt Charles I summons Parliament (1640) "Long Parliament The English Civil War (1642-1649) "Cavaliers" (supporters of the King) "Roundheads" (supporters of Parliament) Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658) Charles was imprisoned, tried and beheaded The "Interregnum" England became a republic Cromwell became the "Lord Protector"

72. ECT Educational Computing & Technology: Product Review: Dreamwriter IT The english civil war Version II is a 'comprehensive fourvolume History of the civilwar is supplemented from King Charles I, oliver cromwell, Lucy Hutchinson http://www.ect.hobsons.com/product/sep00_5.htm

Archive Search The English civil war Topic: History Platform: QuickTime 2.12 (supplied), Browser: NN3 or IE 3, PC: 486; 8 MB RAM; Windows 3.1/95/98, Mac: 68030; 8MB RAM; OS 7 Price: Supplier: Cromwell Productions Limited Tel: Web: www.cromwelledu.com Audio and video files accompany many of the pages and period music can be turned on or off when viewing the rest. The interface is well designed; many screen backgrounds provide further visual information to accompany the written text or audio commentary. Navigation is straightforward and a search facility can be used on Gardiner's text or the CD-ROM content. Printable Teacher's Notes include classroom exercises ('Character on Trial', 'Dramatised Readings', a 'Quick Quiz' and a 'Quote Quiz') and writing assignments (exam questions, personal response, diary entries and writing a film script). Further research is encouraged by the Bibliography, which includes an Internet index with active hyperlinks. Other titles from Cromwell span literature, history and the arts and videos are also available. History departments will want to order a catalogue immediately and include at least some of these well-produced titles in their arsenals.

73. Historical Interest Chester The civil war - Loyal Chester Earl Rivers Regiment of Foote english civilwar New Model Army oliver cromwell Sir Thomas Tyldesley's Regiment of Foot http://members.tripod.com/~AlanCheshire/index-19.html

British, U.S. and Worldwide History Links General British History 1066 Archive Anglo-Saxon Chronicle Britannia: British History British Library ... World War I - Trenches on the Web English Civil War Chester - The Civil War - Loyal Chester Earl Rivers Regiment of Foote English Civil War New Model Army ... The Levelers American History America's First Families American Civil War - Genealogy Resources American Civil War- Links American Plantations and Colonies ... On-line Immigrant Ancestor Register World History The Napoleon Bonaparte Internet Guide This Day in History This site is a member of WebRing. To browse visit here Proud recipient of: If you came straight to this page, please take a few moments to click this banner and visit my main page.

74. Lecture 7: The English Civil War and was signed by John Bradshaw, Thomas Grey and oliver cromwell. Thus ended the civilwar and began the era of the The english civil war at home was another. http://www.historyguide.org/earlymod/lecture7c.html

Lecture 7: The English Civil War What an inequitable thing it is for one man to have thousands, and another want bread, and that the pleasure of God is, that all men should have enough, and not that one man should abound in this worlds good, spending it upon his lusts, and another man of far better deserts, not be worth two pence, and that it is no such difficulty as men make it to be, to alter the course of the world in this thing, and that a few diligent and valiant spirits may turn the world upside down, if they observe their seasons, and shall with life and courage ingage accordingly. - attributed to William Walwyn The English Civil War was as much the response to the effects of the Reformation as it was a response to the needs of the rising middle classes, the landed gentry. The war itself involved the king, Parliament, the aristocracy, the middle classes, the commoners, and the army. The War tested the prerogative of the king and challenged the theory of divine right. War raged between Parliamentarians, Royalists, Cavaliers and Roundheads and every religious sect in England. The years before 1640 in England were years of national disillusionment. The gap between the court and Protestant elements widened, the golden age of drama and literature was over, the religion of the court and at Oxford and Cambridge seemed diffused, and scientific ideas, though popular in London and at Oxford and Cambridge, as yet had received no official recognition. In the meantime, censorship grew more severe, and lawyers became the patrons and consumers of art. For the most part, energies which had been devoted to literature in the mid-to-late 16th century were now channeled into political and theological concerns. The Civil War was both religious and political, as well as social and economic. But it was also a legal battle between the king and his subjects.

75. The English Civil War Collection The english civil war Collection consists of more than 400 Bibliotheca Gloucestrensiscivil war tracts 1823. of the political life of oliver cromwell 1760. http://www.gloscc.gov.uk/pubserv/gcc/clams/information/locstud/civilwar.htm

Gloucestershire Arts Museums Contacts Catalogue, ... Site Directory The English Civil War Collection at Stow-on-the-Wold Library About the Collection When can it be used? Contents of the Collection How can it be used? See also Local Studies Centres Gloucestershire Collection About the Collection The English Civil War Collection consists of more than 400 books and illustrations donated to the people of the town in 1936. Most of it comes from the Collection of Captain Arthur C. Crawford of Cartsburn who also donated the pictures that now hang in the St Edward's Hall above the library, as well as armour and other artefacts which are now in the Commandery at Worcester. Other items are from the Collection of the reverend David Royce, nineteenth century historian of the town, and Rector of Nether Swell. The Collection forms an important resource for research into the Civil War period both nationally and locally, and contains a number of rare items. A listing of all 400 items (books) in the Collection is available for £1.50. Contents of the Collection Items include: Baker, Sir R. Chronicle of the Kings of England: Reign of Charles I, 1679

76. Oliver Cromwell And The Ancient English Village Of Euxton. Euxton Dot Com (TM) oliver cromwell was born in central England at When Parliament convened, cromwelland his friends entered in history elsewhere the english civil war and rule http://www.euxton.com/cromwell.htm

The Village of Euxton, Lancashire, England. Euxton dot com The Village of Euxton, Lancashire, England. Village Links This Page Other Links Accommodation Businesses Churches Clubs ... Youth Oliver Cromwell It has been noted by many that Oliver Cromwell had dealings in and about Euxton village, Lancashire, especially with Commissary Farm in the Yarrow Valley, of Civil War days. This article however is primarily about the Cromwell that was Puritan and allowed religious freedom throughout England. Oliver Cromwell was born in central England at Huntingdon, in 1599. He was educated in a grammar school and spent time in the Calvinist-dominated Sidney Sussex College, of the University of Cambridge. It was during this time that the Authorised version of the Bible was translated and published ( ) and made available in every church throughout the land. Cromwell married the daughter of a prominent London merchant, in 1620, living first at Huntingdon and later at Saint Ives in Cambridgeshire. In 1636, he had the good fortune to inherit, from an uncle, both land and a minor office in the cathedral town of Ely. Cromwell soon became a very able estate manager and his fortunes grew, soon he became one of Ely's wealthiest men. During these years of development and maturity, Cromwell experienced a religious

77. ENGLISH CIVIL WAR english civil war CL, HISTORIC PERIOD. BT, MID 17TH CENTURY. NT, FIRST civilwar. SECOND civil war. THIRD civil war. RT, CHARLES I. CHARLES II. oliver cromwell. http://www.rchme.gov.uk/thesaurus/timeline/E/134855.htm

78. Oliver Cromwell: British Monarchs oliver cromwell (16491658 AD) oliver cromwell, born in Huntingdon demanded £850per day from the english until the England was again embroiled in civil war. http://www.britannia.com/history/monarchs/mon48.html

Search Britannia BRITANNIA GATEWAYS History Travel British Life Shop Britannia Search for: Books Video Music Toys Tech Enter keywords: UK Modular Tours 3 Nights, 4 Days Oliver Cromwell (1649-1658 AD) Oliver Cromwell, born in Huntingdon in 1599, was a strict Puritan with a Cambridge education when he went to London to represent his family in Parliament. Clothed conservatively , he possessed a Puritan fervor and a commanding voice, he quickly made a name for himself by serving in both the Short Parliament (April 1640) and the Long Parliament (August 1640 through April 1660). Charles I, pushing his finances to bankruptcy and trying to force a new prayer book on Scotland, was badly beaten by the Scots, who demanded £850 per day from the English until the two sides reached agreement. Charles had no choice but to summon Parliament. The Long Parliament, taking an aggressive stance, steadfastly refused to authorize any funding until Charles was brought to heel. The Triennial Act of 1641 assured the summoning of Parliament at least every three years, a formidable challenge to royal prerogative. The Tudor institutions of fiscal feudalism (manipulating antiquated feudal fealty laws to extract money), the Court of the Star Chamber and the Court of High Commission were declared illegal by Act of Parliament later in 1641. A new era of leadership from the House of Commons (backed by middle class merchants, tradesmen and Puritans) had commenced. Parliament resented the insincerity with which Charles settled with both them and the Scots, and despised his links with Catholicism.

79. Skalman.nu - Bookstore: English Civil War The King and the Gentleman Charles Stuart and oliver cromwell DerekA. Wilson. The english civil war. The english civil war Peter Young. http://www.skalman.nu/bookstore-english-civil.htm

By the Sword Divided Eyewitness Accounts of the English Civil War John Eric Adair The Great Civil War A Military History of the First Civil War 1642-1946 The English Civil Wars Bob Carruthers The English Civil War Philipp J. C. Elliot-Wright All the King's Armies A Military History of the English Civil War Stuart Reid Soldiers of the English Civil War Vol 1- Infantry Keith Roberts Soldiers of the English Civil War Vol 2 - Cavalry John Tincey The King and the Gentleman Charles Stuart and Oliver Cromwell Derek A. Wilson The English Civil War Peter Young

80. The English Civil War The english civil wars (164249). Parliament v. King Charles I; The war of the ThreeKingdoms Scotland and Ireland; oliver cromwell; Thomas Hobbes' Leviathan(1651 http://www.sandiego.edu/~mmcclain/EngCivilWar.html

The English Civil War (1642-49) Topics Tradition of Representative Government Magna Carta (1215) Parliament The "Divine Right of Kings" James I and Charles I Reactions to Absolutism The Petition of Right "no taxation without representation" The Politics of Religion: The Puritans The English Civil Wars (1642-49) Parliament v. King Charles I The War of the Three Kingdoms: Scotland and Ireland 1649: The execution of Charles I and the abolition of monarchy Oliver Cromwell Thomas Hobbes' Leviathan The Restoration (1660) Charles II, "the Merry Monarch" The Glorious Revolution (1688) The Bill of Rights (1689) John Locke's Two Treatises of Government Chronology Links The Gunpowder Plot Society History of the English Civil Wars A good source of information The Civil War: Who was to Blame? Whitby High School The Trial and Execution of Charles I Whitby High School The Society of King Charles the Martyr Cromwell Quatercentenary Website The Baroque Picture Gallery The Sealed Knot England's historical re-enactment society Images Eikon Basilike < return home

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