21. Lonely Planet World Guide | Destination Estonia | Introduction estonia information includes events, money and costs, attractions, activities, history and culture. http://www.lonelyplanet.com/destinations/europe/estonia/

home search help worldguide ... Related Weblinks Estonia Ever wanted to eat blood sausages washed down with a syrupy liquor of unknown origin, go bog walking, or sleep with 80 untouchable nuns and novices? You can do it all in Estonia, the small territory which packs in some charming quirks. Despite the rapid changes since it recovered its independence in 1991, there's still a lot of tradition, including a language packed with deep 'oo's and 'uu's and thriving folk shindigs. Since the early years of independence, when ration coupons, bread queues, fuel shortages and hyper-inflation were the norm, Estonians have gathered themselves: lifestyle indicators now approach Western levels, but costs are not yet prohibitive for budget travellers. Full country name: Republic of Estonia Area: 45,200 sq km (16,272 sq mi) Population: 1.4 million Capital city: Tallinn (pop 420,500) People: Estonian (65%), Russian (28%), Ukrainian (2.5%) Language: Estonian Religion: 23% Christian (Lutheranism and Orthodoxy) Government: parliamentary democracy President: Prime Minister: Siim Kallas GDP: US$9 billion GDP per head: US$6450 Annual growth: Inflation: Major industries: Food, clothing, oil shale, metals, woodworking

22. .:: Estoniaweb - Facts About Estonia; Culture ::. material and everyday culture. By way of this culture, estonia enteredthe mainstream of the Occident. The Germans, who lived in http://koti.mbnet.fi/~estweb/EstoniaWeb/facts/culture_1.htm

Culture culture: page 1/3 Estonian culture is that of a nation of a little more than one million people. Along with the language, this culture is the main vehicle for Estonian identity, hence the respect which Estonians feel for it. The most striking example of the culture of ancient Estonians is their regivärss , i.e. rhythmic verse , as well as their aural tradition of folk song where each line is repeated several times with variations on a theme. Nowadays, such ancient culture is rarely encountered, exceptions being the island of Kihnu and the Setu border region, but such ulture is nonetheless preserved and research is carried out on it. Estonians have one of the biggest collections of folk songs in the world, with written records of about 133,000 folk songs. In the early 13th century, the Teutonic Order sent their crusaders here. The knights were followed up by priests. What remains of that epoch are mainly small country churches with tarred spires, situated near the coast. The German colonists made their mark on Estonian spiritual, material and everyday culture. By way of this culture, Estonia entered the mainstream of the Occident. The Germans, who lived in manor houses and towns, did not mix with the indigenous population and for several centuries, Estonian and German culture developed in parallel. Over time, the Germans developed their own brand of specifically Baltic German sub-culture.

23. .:: Estoniaweb - Facts About Estonia; Culture ::. tutelage, the Baltic states, ie estonia, Latvia and Lithuania were regarded as the Soviet West , since it was there that Western culture trickled through the http://koti.mbnet.fi/~estweb/EstoniaWeb/facts/culture_2.htm

culture: page 2/3 The breakthrough for the Estonian people came simultaneously with that of their cousins the Finns in the mid-19th century. Estonia even has the tune of its national anthem in common with that of Finland , and the national epics of the two countries exhibit common features. During the 16th and 17th centuries, Catholicism vied with Protestantism , the latter winning the ultimate victory. This has led to the focus of Estonians on a literary culture and the written word. A writer would not merely be the author of books, but also a spiritual leader for his people. Culture has thus been a tool of political struggle, since direct manifestations of the political will of the common people were prohibited. Estonia’s greatest writers are Anton Hansen Tammsaare, Eduard Vilde, Marie Under, Betti Alver, Friedebert Tuglas and Karl Ristikivi. The Estonian author most well known throughout the world is Jaan Kross. The most popular contemporary authors are Jaan Kaplinski, Andrus Kivirähk and Tõnu Õnnepalu. During the 1860s, the

24. AriadNe/Culture & Recreation/Estonia - Culture, Recreation, Arts, Tourism And Ot Ariadne The European and Mediterranean link resource presents /culture Recreation/estonia- culture, recreation, arts, tourism and other pages in estonia. http://ariadne.iief.de/index.php3/Culture & Recreation/Estonia

The European and Mediterranean link resource for R esearch, S cience and C ulture Search Submit News Help Culture, recreation, arts, tourism and other pages in Estonia Estonia Find: Match: Any of the words All the words Search within this section only Museum Outdoor Sports Tourism ... Brand Sellers DDB Estonia possible unreachable CIESIN Baltics Regional Node possible unreachable Estonian Chamber of Mapping possible unreachable Estonian Music possible unreachable Estonian Orienteering Homepage possible unreachable Island Graphics Estonia possible unreachable Kaubaleht (weekly business newspaper) dead Kharkov Opera Web - Kharkov possible unreachable LBI (Computer Shop "Enter") possible unreachable Open Estonia Foundation Open Estonia Foundation / Avatud Eesti Fond on filantroop G. Sorose poolt finantseeritud valitsusväline mittetulundusorganisatsioon, teave fondi tööde ja tegemiste kohta, seda nii tagasivaates, tulevikuplaanide koha pealt, kui ka hetkel käsilolevast, loomulikult ka teadetetahvel, projektikuulutused ja uudised possible unreachable Postimees in Tallinn possible unreachable Postimees in Tartu Postimees possible unreachable Ukrainian Greek-Catholic Church - Lviv The official website of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church: A source for information and connections operated by the Patriarchal Curia based in Lviv, Ukraine.

25. AriadNe/Culture & Recreation/Estonia/Tourism - Tourism In Estonia Ariadne The European and Mediterranean link resource presents /culture Recreation/estonia/Tourism - Tourism in estonia. AriadNe, http://ariadne.iief.de/index.php3/Culture & Recreation/Estonia/Tourism

The European and Mediterranean link resource for R esearch, S cience and C ulture Search Submit News Help Tourism in Estonia Estonia Tourism Find: Match: Any of the words All the words Search within this section only Ahti Arak Tours. Private Tours in Estona and the Baltics Customized tours for solo travellers and small groups possible unreachable Best Western Hotel Pärnu Best Western Hotel Pärnu possible unreachable Estonia: Tourism in Protected Areas possible unreachable Estonian Ecotourism information about tourism that promotes the conservation of Estonia's natural and cultural heritage. possible unreachable Estonian Travel Guide possible unreachable Estravel price and schedules information of hotels and transportation in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Finland, St_Petersburg. Corporate information of the largest travel agency in Baltic countries. possible unreachable Finest Hotel Group Estonian hotel chain and restaurant operator. Hotels and restaurants in Tallinn, Tartu, Pärnu. possible unreachable Hotel Strand Website of Hotel Strand / Hotell Strand koduehekülg possible unreachable Kajakas Hostel A friendly seaside hotel in the quiet resort area of Pärnu.

26. Culture And History - Culture Tallin Estonia estonia Tallin culture and History - culture Links, Travel Information andResources. estonia Tallin. estonia Tallin culture and History - culture. http://www.kasbah.com/vitalstats/culture_and_history/culture/estonia_tallin_1.ht

var c = "c2"; Home Travel Guide Flights Cars ... Adventure Tours USA users click here for the best deals Estonia Tallin Estonia Tallin: Culture and History - Culture You are here: Estonia Tallin Your search for Culture and History - Culture returned results Global Travel Toolbox Books Currency Converter Finance and Insurance Food and Drink Fun and Trivia Language Converter Look Up / Reference luggage Maps Miscellaneous Outdoor Travelling Gear Telecoms and Communications Tickets for Events Travel Magazines Travel Tips Weather Global Travel Toolbox Tallin flights Tallin Car Rental ... Search Amazon.co.uk Travel Search Country Guides City Guides Resort Guides Argentina Aruba Australia Austria Bahamas Barbados Belgium Belize Bolivia Botswana Brazil British Virgin Islands Cambodia Canada Chile China Colombia Costa Rica Cuba Czech Republic Denmark Ecuador England Estonia Falkland Islands Fiji Finland France Germany Gibraltar Greece Guatemala Holland Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Ireland Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Jordan Lebanon Luxembourg Malaysia Maldives

27. Estonia estonia? estonia culture - Art Museums. A museum just for toys how fun! estonia - culture - Celebrations. Finally Independence. http://www.uen.org/utahlink/tours/tourViewSite.cgi?tour_id=7108

28. Kultuuriministeerium Ministry of culture. In estonian and English.Category Regional Europe estonia Government......Märksõnaline otsing, http://www.kul.ee/

Märksõnaline otsing ENG EST Pealehele ... Intranet Uudised Uudised ja teated Nädalainfo Pressiteated Kõned ja artiklid ... Kodulehe uuendused Kultuuriministeerium kuulutab välja avaliku konkursi Viljandi Draamateater "Ugala" direktori ametikoha täitmiseks Kuulutuse tekst Kultuuriministeeriumi valitsemisala 2003.a. eelarve Eelarve tabel (Exceli fail) Kultuuriministeeriumi töötajate 2003.a. puhkuste graafik. Puhkuste graafik Exceli tabelina Rahvuslike kultuuriseltside toetuste taotlused 2003.a. 2003. aasta I poolaastaks võib toetuste taotlusi esitada kuni 15. veebruarini 2003.a. Taotluse blankett Lisainfo Taotlused ja aruanded Kultuuriministeeriumi programmidest toetuse taotlemise ankeet ja eraldatud toetuse kasutamise aruande vorm Kultuuriministeeriumi investeeringute kava aastateks 2003-2006 (projekt) Kultuuriministeeriumi investeeringute kava aastateks 2003-2006 (projekt seisuga 23.12.02) Kultuuriministeeriumi investeeringute kava aastateks 2003-2006 (lisataotlus) Kultuuriministeeriumi tegevuskava 2003-2006 Tegevuskava

29. Estonia-Wide Web: Culture And Society 15.06.1997 backlinks 25 estonian Information Page Information regarding estonia,estonian culture, arts, litearuture, history, society, nature and economy. http://www.ee/www/Culture_and_Society/welcome.html

S e a r c h E s t o n i a Search from Estonian Web EWW Directory Usenet FTP All Culture and Society D i r e c t o r y Culture and Society Art Baltic-German Communion@ Cultural Societys ... 11.2 - Day Of Being Safe About the Day of Being Safe. http://www.ohutusportaal.ee/ - estonian ELASA Yearbook 2000 / 2001 Yearbook of European Landscape Architecture Students Association. http://my.tele2.ee/elasa2000/ - english - 20.12.2000 - backlinks: 1 Cultural Endowment of Estonia http://www.ee/Kulka/ - estonian/english - 11.04.1996 - backlinks: 283 Estonian Youth Information Bank http://www.enak.ee/nip/ - estonian - 15.06.1997 - backlinks: 25 Estonian Information Page Information regarding Estonia, Estonian culture, arts, litearuture, history, society, nature and economy. By Estonian Institute. http://www.einst.ee/ - english Estonian Cultural Events Calender Overview of Estonian cultural events. Topics: music, theatre, dance, film, art, lectures, literature, entertainment and sports. http://www.kultuur.info/ - estonian/english Estonia Country Guide - Culture http://www.ciesin.ee/ESTCG/CULTURE/ -

30. Estonia-Wide Web: Culture And Society/Museums Search estonia. Search from estonian Web All culture and Society. Exhibitionsestonia. Land, people, culture. Owner's marks. http://www.ee/www/Culture_and_Society/Museums/welcome.html

S e a r c h E s t o n i a Search from Estonian Web EWW Directory Usenet FTP All Culture and Society D i r e c t o r y Culture and Society / Museums Dominican monastery museum Kloostri Juures Ltd. The museum, programs,exhibitions, concerts, performances, etc. Rooms rental and organizing of events. http://my.tele2.ee/kloostri/ - estonian/english/finnish Museum of Estonian Architecture Architecture and art centre - Rotermann's Salt Storage. Architecture and art exhibitions; concerts; architectural library. http://www.arhitektuurimuuseum.ee/ - estonian/english - 30.12.1999 - backlinks: 62 Estonian Literary Museum Collects, retains and studies the source materials of Estonian national culture, the Estonian typewritings and audio-visual materials. http://www.kirmus.ee/ - estonian/english - 14.12.1996 - backlinks: 170 Estonian Museum of Natural History Expositions, info, services, contact information. http://home.delfi.ee/~muuseum/ - estonian Estonian Maritime Museum http://www.aktivist.ee/meremuuseum/ - estonian/english - 30.06.1997 - backlinks: 29

31. Estonica : Culture Academic estonian music in the 1990s. Russian culture in estonia. Easternorthodoxy in estonia — a brief overview of religious controversy . http://www.estonica.org/eng/teema.html?kateg=41

32. Estonia Subject Index Cooperation and Development. culture. estonia - culture; estoniaFlag Coat of Arms. Government Agencies. National Library of estonia; http://www.columbia.edu/cu/sipa/REGIONAL/HI/estonia.html

Estonia Subject Index Click on the map for a larger version of it. General Information EENet Estonian Home Page (in English) , and (in Estonian) Baltics Online Estonia OnLine, Network Resources INDEX Yahoo Estonia Academic Institutions and Resources Estonia Academy of Arts Estonia Academy of Music Estonia Agricultural University University of Tartu ... A Brief History of the Estonian Book Business and Economics Estonian Economics Country Commercial Guide Bank of Estonia Bank of Estonia Currency Exchange Rates ... OECD Online - Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Culture Estonia - Culture Government Agencies National Library of Estonia Ministry of Foreign Affairs The Government of the Republic of Estonia Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Press and Information Department ... Estonia-Wide Web: State History Estonia - History Estonian History Forest Brethen - Pro-Independence Guerrilla Movement in Estonia (1944-1955) Human Rights ESTONIAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT Estonia Human Rights Law and Legislation Law Firms - Estonia National Court of the Republic of Estonia Media Estonian TV Newsprogramme Homepage Post-Communist Developments in Media in Estonia: by, Sarah Poff

33. Estonia - Tallinn City Guide - In Your Pocket culture. EVENTS CALENDAR, JUNE, 01, 1900, Kadriorg Palace. 09, 1800, estonianNational Symphony Orchestra, dir A. Volmer, estonia Concert Hall. 11, http://www.inyourpocket.com/estonia/tallinn/en/category?cid=106

34. 1Up Travel > History And Culture Of Estonia. estonia Find everything about the History and culture of estonia.Through archeological research, it has been determined that http://www.1uptravel.com/international/europe/estonia/history-culture.html

Flags Maps Sightseeing Travel Warnings ... Travel Reservations and Bookings More Categories Introduction Topography Local Life Local Cuisine Local Holidays Festivals-Events Embassies Administration News Stand Worth a See !! Sight Seeing Maps Flags Shopping Eating Out Recreation Travel Essentials Country Facts Geography People Government Economy Communications Transportation Military Search 1Up Travel You are here 1Up Travel Countries of the World Europe Estonia ADVERTISEMENT Country At a Glance Introduction Topography History-Culture Local Life ... Newstand Worth a Visit !! Cities Sight Seeing Maps Shopping ... Travel Links Country Facts Introduction Geography People Government ... Transnational issues Related Country Guide Detailed Maps Hotel Database Country Flag ... Travel Warning History Through archeological research, it has been determined that the ancestors of the Estonians came from the east and setteled on the Baltic shores about 2,500 B.C. At the beginning of the 13th century the country was conquered by the Teutonic knights, and a class of landowners mostly of German descent was established in the country. The country was governed by a succession of foreign powers, including the Teutonic Order, Denmark, Poland and Sweden. In 1710 Peter I won Estonia from Sweden and made it part of Imperial Russia.

35. 1Up Travel > Estonia > Travel & Tourism | Tourist Guide To Estonia topography of estonia. History of estonia Presents a detailed historicalbackground and culture of estonia. Local Life People http://www.1uptravel.com/international/europe/estonia/

Flags Maps Sightseeing Travel Warnings ... Travel Reservations and Bookings More Categories Introduction Topography Local Life Local Cuisine Local Holidays Festivals-Events Embassies Administration News Stand Worth a See !! Sight Seeing Maps Flags Shopping Eating Out Recreation Travel Essentials Country Facts Geography People Government Economy Communications Transportation Military Search 1Up Travel You are here 1Up Travel Countries of the World Europe Estonia ADVERTISEMENT Country At a Glance Introduction Topography History-Culture Local Life ... Newstand Worth a Visit !! Cities Sight Seeing Maps Shopping ... Travel Links Country Facts Introduction Geography People Government ... Transnational issues Related Country Guide Detailed Maps Hotel Database Country Flag ... Featured in Beachcomber Community Guides INTRODUCTION Estonia is a European nation that regained its independence in 1991, after more than 50 years of forced annexation to the Soviet Union. Estonia lies on the Baltic Sea in northern Europe. It had been independent from 1918 until 1940, when the Soviet Union occupied it and made it one of the 15 republics of the Soviet Union. A Short Background After centuries of Swedish and Russian rule, Estonia attained independence in 1918. Forcibly incorporated into the USSR in 1940, it regained its freedom in 1991 with the collapse of the Soviet Union.

36. Estonica : Culture : Institutional Organisation in acts of worship, in public or in private, as long as this does not impair publicorder, health or morals.' Constitution of the Republic of estonia, § 40. http://www.einst.ee/culture/religion.htm

Culture Religion Institutional organi ... Popular culture Popular culture Religion Religion Cultural domains Architecture Theatre Film Music ... Secularism in Estonian ... Religion Institutional organisation 'Everyone has freedom of conscience, belief and thought. Belonging to a church or faith-based organisation is voluntary. There is no state church. All are free to engage in acts of worship, in public or in private, as long as this does not impair public order, health or morals.' Constitution of the Republic of Estonia, § 40 As of January 1, 2000, seven churches, eight congregational associations (totalling 458 congregations), 60 individual congregations and one monastery had been registered with the Registry of Churches at the Ministry of Internal Affairs. In addition to these registered organisations, some religious associations had registered themselves as faith-based associations, others as non-profit organisations and still others have deemed it unnecessary to register with the state. Estonian Council of Churches Today the Estonian Evangelical Lutheran Church is the largest church in Estonia, with 169 congregations and approximately 175 000 members. Although Estonia has never had a ‘state church’, the predominant position of Lutheranism is based on a centuries-long tradition. The next in size, also with long historical traditions, is the Estonian Apostolic-Orthodox Church with 58 congregations and approximately 18 000 members. The remainder of the Orthodox in Estonia belong to the Russian Orthodox Church, whose activity has not yet been co-ordinated with local laws. Third in size is the Alliance of Estonian Evangelical Baptist Congregations which consists of 89 congregations with 6100 members.

37. ArchitectureWeek - Culture - Old And New In Estonia - 2001.1010 Old and New in estonia. The massive, fortified churches in estonia are characteristicof the Roman style, in spite of their sharply arched portals and arches. http://www.architectureweek.com/2001/1010/culture_1-1.html

Page C1.1 . 10 October 2001 NEWS DESIGN BUILDING DESIGN TOOLS ... Subscribe Free Old and New in Estonia by Don Barker In the expressive silhouette of Tallinn, Estonia's capital city and largest port, visitors approaching from the Baltic Sea see a distinct personality split into the new and the old. The split can be traced back to 1227, when the medieval town in northeastern Europe was conceded to an order of crusading knights. The Brothers of the Sword divided the colony into the fortress (the upper old town with colorful cobble-stoned streets and an array of castles and churches) and the lower town, which is now developing a modern persona. The city's numerous verticals depict a rich trading past and its journey into the 21st century. The most important and original monument of Estonian Gothic is the old town of Tallinn itself, which is listed as a World Heritage site. A Tour through Old Tallinn The 10th-century medieval "old town" rises up on the chalk-based Toompea Hill. The 454 properties include medieval warehouses and the dwellings of merchants and artisans. All have been preserved along with the important public buildings from the Middle Ages such as the Town Hall. In the old city of Tallinn, the facades of the medieval houses have been redesigned according to later styles of fashion. However, behind them the old building constructions, and the Gothic, Renaissance, and Baroque interior elements, have been preserved.

38. Pravda.RU Russia, Estonia Ponder State, Utilisation Of Fish Resources In Chudsko Pravda.RUBest articles on this weekCulture, Russia, estonia Ponder State, UtilisationOf Fish Resources In Chudskoye, Pskovskoye, Teploye Lakes An Operation http://english.pravda.ru/culture/2001/05/14/

May, 14 2001 Made in Pravda.ru Pravda.ru comes forward with working out conceptions and creating new corporative representative sites, as well as with promotion of new products in the Net. More in detail Accidents CIS Companies ... About [an error occurred while processing this directive] Pravda.RU:Culture FEDERAL CULTURE MINISTRY DISCUSSES SOLOVKI MUSEUM PROBLEMS The problem of preservation and development of the Solovki state historical and architectural museum-reserve dominated the agenda of the federal Culture Ministry's collegium meeting Monday. More in detail DELEGATION OF MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, CULTURE AND SCIENCE OF THE KINGDOM OF THE NETHERLANDS TO ARRIVE IN MOSCOW A delegation of the Ministry of Education, Culture and Science of the Kingdom of the Netherlands led by State Secretary for Culture Rick van der Ploeg is arriving in Moscow on Monday. More in detail DAYS OF POLISH CULTURE OPEN IN MOSCOW Days of Polish Culture are opening in the Grand Kremlin Palace on Monday. They will be held in the Russian capital, as well as in St. Petersburg and Vladimir (a city in Central Russia) till May 20. More in detail RUSSIAN CULTURE MINISTRY TO DISCUSS SOLOVETSKY RESERVE A board session due at the Russian culture ministry later in the day will focus on measures to maintain and develop the Solovetsky State Reserve, report sources in the ministry.

39. TradeXport - Europe - Estonia - Culture 36,736 sites/1,913 categories /64 visitors this month, http://216.54.220.4/Dir/Europe/Estonia/Culture/Index.cfm

36,736 sites/1,913 categories /61 visitors this month Monday, 07 April 2003 Country Map Business Guide Europe Estonia : Culture

40. The Azerbaijan Friendship Society Of Estonia English Russian * culture * History * Contacts * DOSTLUQ * Other * Guestbook * *culture Azerbaijanian Fotogallery estonian Fotogallery of Tallinn and estonia. http://www.az.ee/en/en.shtml?culture

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