41. PAAZAB - Pan African Association, Zoological, Aquaria, Botanic, Gardens, Afrika, EAZA european zoos went beyond political barriers, joining forces to establisha multinational zoo organisation within the European Community in 1988. http://www.paazab.org/assocaitedzoos/

Home PAAZAB Projects PAAZAB Members PAAZAB Membership Categories ... Join Us [ Associated Zoo Organisations ] [ PAAZAB AGM and CONFERENCES ASSOCIATED ZOO ORGANISATIONS AMERICAN ZOO AND AQUARIUM ASSOCIATION - AZA Founded in 1924, the American Association of Zoological Parks and Aquariums, now known as the American Zoo and Aquarium Association (AZA), is a nonprofit organization dedicated to the advancement of zoos and aquariums in the areas of conservation, education, science, and recreation. AZA's vision is to work cooperatively to save and protect the wonders of the living natural world. AUSTRALASIAN ZOO ASSOCIATION - ARAZPA The collective professional association of the zoos and aquariums of Australia, New Zealand, Fiji and Papua New Guinea. The Association aims to promote and maintain professional standards of operation in the zoological industry and to maximise its collective resources for the conservation of biodiversity. EUROPEAN AQUARIA AND ZOO ASSOCIATION - EAZA European zoos went beyond political barriers, joining forces to establish a multinational zoo organisation within the European Community in 1988. Since the fall of the Iron Curtain in 1992 this organisation transformed into a truly pan-Europan organisation: the European Association of Zoos and Aquaria (

42. Resp. Oxford Study Elephant Sanctuary Europe / European Elephant Group. Resp. to the Oxford UniversityReport (funded by the RSPCA) ?Elephant Husbandry in european zoos”. http://www.elefanten-schutz-europa.de/News/Oxford-Studie/Resp._Oxford_Study/resp

ELEFANTEN-SCHUTZ EUROPA E.V. EUROPEAN ELEPHANT GROUP Magazin Nr. 2 o TV-Reportage „Zambi”: o Sicherheits- ... „Oxford study” Resp. to the Oxford University Report (funded by the RSPCA): „Elephant Husbandry in European Zoos” The Association Elephant Sanctuary Europe , in cooperation with the European Elephant Group which has compiled the most extensive database about elephants in zoos and circuses, analyses the Oxford University Report (which was funded by the RSPCA - The UK´s Royal Society for the Protection of Cruelty to Animals). The statement will be ready in early 2003. It will bring to light to what extent this report on behalf of the RSPCA tells the whole story or whether important details are given in a reprehensible manor. We have massive doubts about the acumen of the authors of the study. The two Oxford scientists are reviewing the husbandry of elephants in European zoos. This means no less than 104 zoos (not included in this figure are Safari Parks). The authors only visited 3 (!) zoos in England: London Zoo (who stopped keeping elephants in December 2001)

43. Vivaria Artist Commissions VIVARIA builds upon a completed online research project EZITT (european zoos InformationTechnology Training Project), funded by the Leonardo da Vinci EU http://www.vivaria.net/experiments/commissions/

Vivaria artist commissions Towards a Live Networked Display of Artificial Life Forms in Zoos VIVARIA is the plural form of 'Vivarium', a term that describes a place artificially prepared for keeping animals under natural conditions for study and research. The project asks: 'Why look at artificial animals' (in the spirit of John Berger's essay 'Why look at animals'?) 'The zoo to which people go to meet animals, to observe them, to see them, is, in fact, a monument to the impossibility of such encounters' (Berger, 1980: 19). VIVARIA is a proposed collaborative project between zoos and local arts organisations in the UK and Europe, employing the metaphor of the zoo to examine artificial life forms, creativity and the relationships between humans, animals and machines. The project works on the premise that given the historical purpose of the zoo, it is perhaps surprising that zoos do not include examples of artificial life in their collections. VIVARIA builds upon a completed online research project EZITT (European Zoos Information Technology Training Project), funded by the Leonardo da Vinci EU Programme involving

44. Who We Are To make cooperation easier in Europe, since 1996 we produce a directoryof european zoos called Quantum Verzeichnis . This directory http://www.quantum-conservation.org/VSE.html

Quantum Conservation e.V. Heeder Dorfstrasse 44 49356 Diepholz, Germany Tel: ++49-(0)5441-82133 Fax: ++49-(0)5441-82132 E-mail: quantum@t-online.de Or: info@quantum-conservation.org Who we are A small, non-government organisation with charitable status which was registered in March 1994 in Varel, near Oldenburg, Lower Saxony. We have currently about 30 members including scientists, zoologists, teachers, lawyers, businesspeople, farmers and senior citizens. Our Articles of Association stipulate that we support environmental and species conservation and that we encourage conservation education. Our work is purely voluntary and our members donate over 5,000 hours of their free time each year towards our organisation’s aims. We rely on membership fees and donations to meet our administrative expences. Through our annual, international Symposium, "Zoo-Kunft", and the publication of "Quantum Verzeichnis" we will reach a turnover in 1998 approaching DM 50.000,-. In the period 1997/1998 we were able to raise more than DM 14.000,- for projects in the Philippines. What we do To assist the dissemination of information about species-specific animal management and to encourage cooperation between zoos and other conservation organisations, especially with regard to joint participation in meaningful in-situ efforts to preserve biodiversity, we organise a two-day symposium

45. Home.ecn.ab.ca/~puppydog/afwar-12.txt of the animal side of this kind of conflict than what they might think. A donorwho wanted to remain anonymous promised $10,000, and european zoos have also http://home.ecn.ab.ca/~puppydog/afwar-12.txt

46. DEFRA, UK: Global Wildlife & Zoos Based in the Netherlands, EAZA is the umbrella organisation representing about250 european zoos in 30 countries, and the coordinating body for endangered http://www.defra.gov.uk/wildlife-countryside/gwd/zoosforum/ar2001/06.htm

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs The Zoos Forum Annual Report 2000/2001 6. Appendices Appendix A - Current membership Jemima Parry-Jones MBE (Chairman) has been the Director of the National Birds of Prey Centre, Newent since 1983. She is International Director of the Raptor Research Foundation, Vice Chair of the Hawk Board, and author of a number of books on birds of prey and owls. She is the Taxon Advisory Group (TAG) Chair for birds of prey in zoos in Europe and has served on the DETR's panel of Wildlife Inspectors since 1984. Professor Roger Wheater OBE (Deputy Chairman) retired from the Royal Zoological Society of Scotland in November 1998 after 26 years as its Director. He was awarded the OBE for services to conservation in 1991 Dr Koen Brouwer has been the Director of the European Association of Zoos and Aquaria since 1995. Based in the Netherlands, EAZA is the umbrella organisation representing about 250 European Zoos in 30 countries, and the co-ordinating body for endangered species management programmes and European collection planning. Suzanne Boardman , Chief Executive of the Wildlife Information Network at the Royal Veterinary College. Previously employed as a vet at the Zoological Society of London.

47. UK Department For Environment, Food And Rural Affairs Based in the Netherlands, EAZA is the umbrella organisation representing about250 european zoos in 30 countries, and the coordinating body for endangered http://www.defra.gov.uk/wildlife-countryside/gwd/zoosforum/ar2000/04.htm

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs The Zoos Forum Annual Report 1999/2000 5. APPENDICES Appendix A Membership Jemima Parry-Jones MBE (Chairman) has been the Director of the National Birds of Prey Centre, Newent since 1983. She is International Director of the Raptor Research Foundation, a signatory to IUCN, Vice Chair of the Hawk Board, and has written 7 books and 3 welfare guidelines for birds of prey and owls. She is the Taxon Advisory Group (TAG) Chair for birds of prey in zoos in Europe. She has served on the DETR's panel of Wildlife Inspectors since 1984. Professor Roger Wheater OBE (Deputy Chairman) retired from the Royal Zoological Society of Scotland in November 1998 after 26 years as its Director. He was awarded the OBE for services to conservation in 1991 Dr Koen Brouwer has been the Director of the European Association of Zoos and Aquaria since 1995. Based in the Netherlands, EAZA is the umbrella organisation representing about 250 European Zoos in 30 countries, and the coordinating body for endangered species management programs and European collection planning. Suzanne Boardman , Chief Executive of the Wildlife Information Network at the Royal Veterinary College. Previously employed as a vet at the Zoological Society of London.

48. Organization Links The Centre will work for all EAZA zoos, as a unique example of collaboration betweeneuropean zoos to achieve the specific target of improving zoo nutrition. http://www.nagonline.net/organization links.htm

Nutrition Advisory Group Nutrition- and Zoo-related Links and Groups Fort Worth Zoo, in conjunction with the American Institute of Biological Sciences, is proud to announce that the Fort Worth Zoo's Enrichment Online website is now active - www.enrichmentonline.org After three years of development the site is complete and available to animal managers from around the globe. The key component of the site is a search engine for taxa-specific enrichment ideas. In addition to accommodating detailed searches for enrichment ideas, the database is interactive and allows users to input their own ideas and to also provide comments on items already in the database. Thus, the site is highly interactive and capable of tremendous growth. Supplemental materials on the site include hot links to other enrichment-related web sites, a list of periodicals and published materials, and a detailed help section. VERY INTERESTING (posted May 24, 2002) American Association of Zoo Veterinarians www.aazv.org

49. Tigris Foundation Dedicated To The Survival Of The Amur Tiger And Leopard In The european zoos; NorthAmerican zoos; Dutch sponsors (non-zoo); Other sponsors. EuropeanZoos (EAZA / EEP) ALERTIS / Ouwehands Zoo / (Holland); Antwerp Zoo (Belgium); http://www.tigrisfoundation.nl/cms/publish/content/showpage.asp?themeid=8

50. Iafrica.com | News | World News Elephants In Zoos Live Hard, Die Young Elephants in european zoos die young because they suffer from poor diets, illness,inappropriate social grouping and enclosures that are too small, a British http://iafrica.com/news/worldnews/178412.htm

Communities: [ h o m e ] Advice Africa Afrikaans Aids Wise Business Careers Cooltech Easy Money Entertainment Fun Stuff Games Highlife Men Motoring My Money News Sport Talk Travel Weather Women Services: Book Airtickets Chat Online Classifieds Directories Ecards Mobile Magic myiafrica.com Shop Online Streetfinder Search Mon, 07 Apr 2003 BBC WORLD SERVICE FEATURES FORUMS NEWSLETTER ... WORLD NEWS Horoscope: Capricorn Aquarius Pisces Aries Taurus Gemini Cancer Leo Virgo Libra Scorpio Sagittarius Weather: Bethlehem Bloemfontein Cape Town Durban East London George Johannesburg Kimberley Ladysmith Nelspruit Pmb Polokwane Port Elizabeth Pretoria Richards Bay Upington Sport results: Rugby Cricket African Soccer World Soccer Golf Boxing Tennis Motor Sports Other sports The Monday Phenomenon Our weekly 'best of the site' newsletter. Attaché Our daily business newsletter. Entity Our weekly entertainment newsletter. SportsBrief All the latest sporting action. News and Views A daily digest of news and talking points. The Tech Set A weekly dose of gadget and technology news. You are in: News World News BRITAIN Elephants in zoos live hard, die young

51. 299/gulls Surveys of Charadriiformes in european zoos had been made by the EEP office beforethe inauguration of the TAG, and data from these, including a recent one of http://www.zoonews.ws/IZN/299/gulls.html

BORING BROWN BIRDS AND DULL GULLS? – THE WORK OF THE EEP CHARADRIIFORMES TAXON ADVISORY GROUP BY ACHIM JOHANN The order Charadriiformes comprises about 320 bird species of very different appearance, ranging from the rail-look-alike jacanas via the waders to the terns, gulls and auks. In zoos the vast majority of members of this taxon are somewhat neglected. In the wild, on the other hand, waders in particular are of great interest for bird-watchers, though it may be that gulls are too common a sight to be species of interest to zoos. Working procedure The recommended species list why the species was chosen (i.e. educational role, diversity of collections, model species, conservation concern). It had been decided in advance that European species should be given preference if there was competition for space among closely related species, e.g. between European and American avocets or Mexican and black-winged stilts. Wattled Jacana Jacana jacana ). Forty wattled jacanas are registered as being kept in 13 European zoos (data from the 1999 survey). Only two zoos report breeding success. All jacana species are said to be difficult to maintain and breed, and so far zoo stocks have depended on ongoing imports from the wild. As zoos are interested in jacanas, especially for maintenance in tropical houses, efforts should be made to establish a self-sustaining captive population. Therefore husbandry guidelines are essential, and as a first TAG action Pierre de Wit, Emmen Zoo is working on compiling husbandry guidelines for the species.

52. Telegraph | News The RSPCA is now calling for all european zoos to phase out elephants.The charity also wants an immediate end to importation and http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2002/10/23/njumbo23.xml

53. SCADPlus: The Keeping Of Wild Animals In Zoos 3) CONTENTS. 1. Many live animals in european zoos are kept underunacceptable conditions. Animals in captivity must be regarded http://europa.eu.int/scadplus/leg/en/lvb/l28069.htm

Print version What's new? Search Contact ... PROTECTION OF NATURE AND BIODIVERSITY The keeping of wild animals in zoos 1) OBJECTIVE To adopt minimum standards for housing and caring for animals in zoos and to reinforce the role of zoos in conserving biodiversity. 2) COMMUNITY MEASURES Council Directive 1999/22/EC of 29 March 1999 on the keeping of wild animals in zoos. 3) CONTENTS 1. Many live animals in European zoos are kept under unacceptable conditions. Animals in captivity must be regarded as part of our environmental heritage and natural resources. The keeping of animals in zoos must therefore be regulated to ensure the preservation of species while retaining a role in education and scientific research. 2. The Directive aims to protect wildlife and to preserve biodiversity by providing for the adoption by the Member States of measures for granting licences and inspecting zoos within the Community. 3. "Zoos" are defined as all permanent establishments where live animals are kept, with a view to public display for seven days per year or more, with the exception of circuses and pet shops; also those establishments that the Member States exempt from the requirements of this Directive by virtue of the fact that they do not display a significant number of animals or species to the public and that this exemption does not undermine the objectives of this Directive. 4. The Member States guarantee that all zoos will implement the following conservation measures:

54. Radio Prague - Print Version Not only Czech zoos but also european zoos and zoos from around the world. Still,we do have a lot of offers from American, Japanese and european zoos. http://www.radio.cz/print/en/37061

Magazine - Daniela Lazarova Prague Zoo on the road to recovery There's a restaurant in Prague called Noah's Arc -and it is exactly where you'd expect to find it - on the grounds of Prague's Troya Zoo- where five months ago employees worked night and day to save hundreds of animals from drowning in the devastating floods that swept the country. The zoos' plight triggered a wave of sympathy and support from around the world and today the Prague zoo is on the road to recovery. Find out more in this week's Magazine with Daniela Lazarova. There's a restaurant in Prague called Noah's Arc -and it is exactly where you'd expect to find it - on the grounds of Prague's Troya Zoo- where 5 months ago employees worked night and day to save hundreds of animals from drowning in the devastating floods that swept the country. Despite their valiant efforts close to 100 animals perished or had to be shot as the waters rose. Here' s how the zoo's director Petr Fejk described the crisis at the time : "Every point at which we were forced to shoot an animal was absolutely terrible. The shooting of the hippo took place at eleven o'clock at night. We were completely under water, we had only a weapon in our hands and a light and there was no alternative because the hippo was about to be swept into the Vltava river which would have presented a public threat. I will never forget those moments. It was the biggest tragedy of my life." The response to this tragedy was enormous. Five months on - financial support and offers of help are still pouring in from individuals and institutions both at home and abroad and, as work continues on reconstructing damaged buildings and enclosures, the zoo is back on its feet and making new plans for the future. This week Troya Zoo received 1 million Czech crowns from the sale of an animal encyclopedia and at a press conference in the African House Petr Fejk explained how the money, donated by the Euromedia-Knizni Klub publishing house, would be used.

55. EEP - European Conservation Program back back to homepage EEP European Endangered Species Programme -european zoos care about the conservation of endangered animal species http://kraniche.vogelfreund.net/englisch/conservation/

< back < back to homepage EEP - European Endangered Species Programme - European zoos care about the conservation of endangered animal species "It does not matter In which lake you discover a spill of pollution, In the forest of which country a fire breaks out, Or on which continent a hurricane originates: You are guardian of the entired earth" (Joeri Artjoechin) "In the end, we will only conserve what we love, we will only love what we know, we will only know what we are taught." (Baba Dioum) These two maxims provide the premise for the conservation of theatened species undertaken by a large network of European zoos. The EEP organisation, an abbreviation of the "European Endangered Species Programme" coordinates and stimulates the endeavours towards that conservation . Threatened anirnals in zoos serve as ambassadors of nature, conveying the importance and urgency of nature conservation. Even now the very existente of a number of these species has become entirely dependent an zoos. Nature and Nature Conservation The earth is the house of life. We all live together on this earth: plants, animals, and people; creating an intertwining, interconnecting web of life. Only unbroken this network ensures a house where it is good to live. Each plant and animal forms a fibre and is thus important, whether inhabiting a Dutch polder, a mountain side in the Alps, or even a far away sea or desert. Every human being shares a responsibility for all other life within this web and for maintaining the livability of our house.

56. Woburn Safari Park News page report plus appendices, described as “hard hitting”, which is criticalof the Welfare standards for elephants in captivity in Western european zoos. http://www.woburnsafari.co.uk/news.asp?nID=8

57. Elephants The same percentage holds true for most european zoos. There is a saying amongeuropean zoos that for every calf born, a keeper has been killed. http://www.goodzoos.com/Animals/elephant.htm

Welcome to The Good Zoo Guide Online ( goodzoos.com ), the essential guide to the best zoos, wildlife parks and animal collections on the planet Now more than 200 Pages of Zoo Reviews and discussion - and growing with the help of Internet Zoo Critics from all around the world And while you're here - check out our world famous 'Zoo Noticeboard' Can you help zoos and animal lovers from around the world with their zoo enquiries? Elephants Discount Prices on Wildlife Books Click on any book cover for more details or to buy Good Zoo Guide recommended books from amazon.com. Or search for the book you want in our zoo mall. Britain's first zoo elephant arrived in London in 1254. It was a present to Henry 111 from Louis IX of France. Crowds flocked from so many miles to see the amazing creature, which was housed in the Tower of London, that a special shelter had to be built to accommodate the sheer number of visitors. His popularity was matched a little over six hundred years later by London Zoo's 'Jumbo' who became such a huge attraction for Londoners that there was a great public outcry when he was sold to Barnum and Baileys, the American circus. But in spite of the popularity of elephants, and in spite of their almost domestic use in Asia, very few have ever been bred in captivity. There is one very good reason for this: very few zoos that keep elephants keep an adult bull. Of the sixty or seventy elephants in British zoos, less than ten percent are bulls. The same percentage holds true for most European zoos.

58. Coombs.anu.edu.au/~vern/luat/english/MoA-sika-deer.txt between Cuc Phuong National Park, Vietnam, represented in this agreement by NguyenBa Thu, Director (FIRST PARTY) and various european zoos, represented in http://coombs.anu.edu.au/~vern/luat/english/MoA-sika-deer.txt

- Document source: [Version: 15 August 1997] http://coombs.anu.edu.au/~vern/luat/luat.html AVSL, GPO Box 161; BELCONNEN, ACT 2616 Australia and Coombs Computing Unit, Australian Nat. Univ. MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT This memorandum of agreement is made and entered into by and between: Cuc Phuong National Park, Vietnam, represented in this agreement by Nguyen Ba Thu, Director (FIRST PARTY) and various European zoos, represented in this agreement by H. J. Adler, Assistant Director, Munster zoo, Germany (SECOND PARTY). Initially The SECOND PARTY provides US$ 10,000 to Cuc Phuong NP in l991 for the breeding and re-introduction programme of C.n. pseudaxis, and provides technical and scientific assistance to this programme, included to organize the shipment of up to 15 deers to Hanoi (including transport, building of crates, documents etc.) and salary for staff of sika deer breeding farm. The FIRST PARTY uses this money to expand the population of C.n. pseudaxis at Cuc Phuong NP and starts construction of re-introduction enclosures for the eventual release of C.n. pseudaxis in the park. The FIRST PARTY shall loan l5 Vietnamese Sika Deers for captive breeding to zoos in Europe. All export documents (customs declaration, veterinary certification and export permission by Ministry of Forestry) should be ready for 10 deers, 5 deers later, by 1st of December 1991 and organized by the FIRST PARTY. Creation of a Vietnamese Sika deer Conservation Committee In the interest of the service and in order to carry out effectively the provisions of the memorandum of agreement entered into by and between the Vietnamese partner (FIRST PARTY) and the European partner (SECOND PARTY) on the implementation of the sika deer conservation programme, a committee shall be created composed as follows: a) Mr. Nguyen Ba Thu Chairman FIRST PARTY Director Cuc Phuong National Park SR Vietnam b) Mr. Richard Kock Co-Chairman SECOND PARTY Veterinary Officer Animal Manager Whipsnade Park Dunstable, Beds LU6 2LF Great Britain c) Mr. Le Van Tac Member FIRST PARTY Research Center Cuc Phuong National Park SR Vietnam d) Mr. Dinh Van Tho Member FIRST PARTY Engineer (graduated from HN University, Faculty of Biology) Cuc Phuong National Park e) Mr. H. Jorg Adler Member SECOND PARTY Assistant Director Zoological Garden Sentruper Str. 309 D-4400 Munster Germany f) Mr. Radoslaw Ratajszczak Member SECOND PARTY Vice-Director Zoological Garden Ul. Browarna 25 61-063 Poznan Poland g) Dr. Jean-Marc Lernould Member SECOND PARTY Director Parc Zoologique et Botanique 51, rue du Jardin Zoologique 68100 Mulhouse France The Vietnamese Sika Deer Conservation Committee shall perform the following duties and responsibilities: ' l. Reviews the research and development plan of the Vietnamese Sika Deer Conservation Programme; 2. Monitors and evaluates the progress of the captive breeding and research programme at the Cuc-Phuong NP and European Zoos and makes recommendations for the effective implementation of the programme; 3. Negotiates the donation of funds for furthering the conservation of C.n. pseudaxis or of other species or habitat conservation initiatives in Vietnam, as may be proposed and agreed by the Committee from any individual or institution which may participate in the captive breeding programme for C.n. pseudaxis under the aegis of future breeding loan extension to those herein named founder stocks of the 'World Herd' animals; 4. Formulates guideline on the most beneficial way of disposing donated funds for the C.n. pseudaxis conservation projects in Vietnam or such other species or habitat conservation activities as may be agreed by the committee; 5. Sees to it that no C.n. pseudaxis acquired or bred under the terms of this agreement and therefore registered in the 'World Herd' shall be sold for profit or otherwise disposed of without the prior consultation and agreement of the committee; and 6. Maintains a copy of the official STUDBOOK of all C.n. pseudaxis held outside Vietnam, or other pertinent documents, reports (published or unpublished) etc. related to the conservation programme of C.n. pseudaxis Cuc Phuong, Vietnam, ...... 1991 Nguyen Ba Thu Director Cuc Phuong NP FIRST PARTY H. Jorg Adler Assistant Director Zool. Garden Munster IUCN/SSC MVSG SECOND PARTY [Hand corrected copy in WWF office, Hanoi.] - End of File

59. Vets-at-work.com An independent Oxford University study commissioned by the RSPCA reveals a numberof welfare concerns for captive elephants in european zoos and safari parks. http://www.vets-at-work.com/news_article.jsp?news_storyID=2001

60. Ankole-Watusi Cattle of their striking appearance, and the resulting ability to attract paying customers,Ankole cattle were imported from Africa by european zoos during the late http://members.aol.com/Watusi/WAT_Art.html

Ankole-Watusi Cattle ANKOLE-WATUSI CATTLE Ankole-Watusi cattle are the show-stoppers of the bovine kingdom. Medium-sized animals, with long, large-diameter horns, they attract attention wherever they appear. These regal animals can easily trace their ancestry back more than 6,000 years and have often been referred to as "cattle of kings." THE HISTORY OF AN ANCIENT BREED Long-horned, humpless domestic cattle were well established in the Nile Valley by 4000 B.C. These cattle, known as the Egyptian or Hamitic Longhorn, appear in pictographs in Egyptian pyramids. Over the next twenty centuries (2.000 years), the Egyptian Longhorn migrated with its owners from the Nile to Ethiopia, and then down to the southern reaches of Africa. By 2000 B. C., humped cattle (Longhorn Zebu) from Pakistan and India reached Africa. When these Zebu reached the region now known as Ethiopia and Somalia, they were interbred with the Egyptian Longhorn. The admixture produced the Sanga spread to the Sudan, Uganda, Kenya, and other parts of eastern Africa, becoming the base stock of many of the indigenous African breeds. The Sanga demonstrated most of the typical Zebu characteristics, such as pendulous dewlap and sheath, upturned horns, and a neck hump of variable size. Modern descendants of the Sanga, however, vary greatly in size, conformation, and horns, due to differing selection pressures by different tribes. ANKOLE CATTLE OUTSIDE OF AFRICA Because of their striking appearance, and the resulting ability to attract paying customers, Ankole cattle were imported from Africa by European zoos during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Zoos and game parks in Germany, Sweden, and England were among the breeders of these cattle outside Africa. The cattle were called Ankole, or Ankole-Watusi, and they were treated as a single breed. American zoos and other tourist attractions imported Ankole-Watusi cattle from European zoos in the 1920s and 1930s. As time went on, and zoos began to change their emphasis from visually-exciting animals to those (wild) animal species in desperate need of preservation (whether "eye-catching" or not), more Ankole-Watusi cattle became available for sale to private individuals and several private herds were begun.

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z

Page 3     41-60 of 104    Back | 1  | 2  | 3  | 4  | 5  | 6  | Next 20