21. Olympic Preview: Fencing believed to be the only motherfather-son trio in olympic history to compete Althoughsword fighting dates back to ancient Egypt, today's fencing owes more to http://www.infoplease.com/spot/ol-fencing.html

Do you have excessive Hair loss? We can help YOU ! Baseball, Football ,Hockey ..all Sports Mags and Books. Great savings on routine dental care and expensive dental procedures All Infoplease All Almanacs General Entertainment Sports Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Infoplease Home Almanacs Atlas Dictionary ... Fact Monster Kids' reference Info:Daily Fun facts Homework Center Newsletter You've got info! Help Site Map Visit related sites from: Family Education Network Sports Olympics Olympic Events Fencing First Olympic Appearance: 1896 by John Gettings fencing at the Olympics isn't much like what you're used to seeing in swashbuckling musketeer movies. Did You Know? The Dow family of fencers is believed to be the only mother-father-son trio in Olympic history to compete in the same event. Warren qualified for the United States team in 1936, his wife Helen in 1948 and their son Robert in 1972. Although sword fighting dates back to ancient Egypt, today's fencing owes more to 16th century European rapier combat, which depended more on thrusts as a means of attack. In competitions today, fencers earn

22. Olympic Interview Peter Westbrook Westbrook was 22 years old when he made his first appearance at the olympic Gamesin to try the sport and he spent the next 30 years rewriting fencing history. http://www.infoplease.com/spot/ol-westbrook.html

23. History Of Olympic Fencing history of olympic fencing. Although its origin is unknown, the swordwas first documented approximately 3,500 years ago and evidence http://www.hku.hk/fencing/index/olympic.html

History of Olympic Fencing Although its origin is unknown, the sword was first documented approximately 3,500 years ago and evidence shows use in Egypt by pyramid drawings depicting bouts similar to those used today in fencing. First used mainly as a weapon, the military replaced the sword with firearms during the late 15th century. Shortly thereafter, interest in fencing as a sport began to grow. The Italians were the first the use the point rather than the edge of the sword for competition, shifting the emphasis from a slashing to a thrusting style. Various changes in fighting style and equipment worked to mold the sport into its modern form. During the 17th century, for example, it became fashionable for men to carry a sword. For convenience, a shorter sword was developed. With that shorter sword, fighters needed only one hand during competition, leaving the other for balance. During this period, duels to the death were used to settle disputes. In the 1700s, a book of rules and scoring was developed for fencing. With such regulation, fencing earned its title as a sport. Fencing was included in the first Olympic Games in Athens, as Baron Pierre de Coubertin was an avid fan of fencing as well as a fencer himself. During these 1896 Games, the men's foil and sabre events were held, and in 1900, the épée event was added to the Programme. In 1924, the women's foil was added to the Olympic Programme while in these Centennial Olympic Games, women's épée will be competed for the first time.

24. Untitled Document About fencing history of fencing; Foil; Epee; Sabre; Fening Terms;olympic history of fencing; fencing Newsgroup (rec.sport.fencing). http://www.hku.hk/fencing/af.htm

About Fencing... History of Fencing Foil Epee Sabre ... Fencing Newsgroup (rec.sport.fencing)

25. History Of Fencing held for the first time at the olympic Games in provided in cooperation with US fencing,Colorado Springs Also see history of fencing Another good historical http://www.fencing101.com/intro.php

Introduction to Fencing The modern Olympic fencer trains for years, honing agility, quickness, and subtlety of movement. The sport has been described as "chess with muscles," suggesting that complicated strategy lies behind the thrusts and parries that punctuate a duel. Fencers of today employ a strange combination of archaic and modern customs; combatants still salute before a match and wear the traditional white uniforms and masks, but scoring is now determined by electronic padding worn by the combatants that registers when a hit takes place with flashing, color-coded lights. As suggested by the continuing power of the myths of swordfighting knights and adventurers, the fencing tradition is rich and storied. Like fellow Olympic sports archery and javelin, fencing has its roots in ancient combat. Around 1200 BC, the Egyptians began the custom of fencing for sport, as seen by images in decorative reliefs from that period depicting knobs on the end of weapons, earflaps and other protective garb. Sword craftsmanship evolved through the ages, from the short, wide swords favored by the Greeks and Romans to the heavy two-handed broadswords in vogue during the age of chivalry. After the advent of gunpowder and firearms, armor became obsolete and lighter swords gained popularity as the sidearm of choice for European officers and gentlemen. The Italians, Spanish, and French all claim parentage for modern fencing, but throughout Europe during the Renaissance the discipline took on the aura of high art, with masters refining and passing on to a select few their secret techniques. In the 18th century, treatises appeared in print setting forth the current system of rules and scoring, and prescribing the foil, a metal mask with eye slit, and protective jacket or vest as equipment for use. The rules were intended to simulate real combat while protecting the safety of the combatants. "Conventions" were subsequently adopted to limit the target area of the body and providing for a "right of way" for attacks.

26. Westside Fencing Center Reference Library A sampling of fencing reference materials compiled by Andy Shaw, Official Historian for the United Category Sports fencing Classical......Do you know how many Americans have taken home olympic medals in fencing? Clickhere to find out. America's fencing history goes back farther than you might http://www.westsidefencing.com/library.html

The Andy Shaw Fencing Reference Library One of the many features which makes the facility here at Westside unique is the Westside Fencing Reference Library, which was originally created by Andy Shaw, the Official Historian for the United States Fencing Association. If you're looking for Andy, you can send him an email at his new salle, Louisiana Sword Club Although not a lending library, if you are looking for information regarding fencing or fencing history, Westside's Fencing Reference Library probably has the answers. You may even find the answers in one of the dozens of texts on sale in the Westside Store. The Library is home to every fencing rule book from to the present, as well as fencing-related newspaper and magazine articles dating back to the 1700's, and copies of fencing magazines from a variety of countries. Click here to see the USFA's first rule book! Also found in the Library are historic uniforms, masks, weapons, and medals of famous Olympians, along with a collection of lithographs, photographs, and historic postcards from all over the globe. The numbered (and unnumbered) pictures on this and most pages of the site are a sampling of the thousands of pictures in the Library. A select video collection is housed here as well, tracking significant tournaments, both national and international, and including such rareties as the 1958 and '59 world championships and the 1960 Olympics.

27. History | Fencing | ABC Olympic Games Coverage what . history. fencing’s history goes right back to the dayswhen swords and armour were the principle equipment for warfare. http://www.abc.net.au/olympics/FENCING/about/history.htm

Choose a sport: All Sports Archery Athletics Badminton Baseball Basketball Beach Volleyball Boxing Canoe/Kayak Cycling Diving Equestrian Fencing Gymnastics Handball Hockey Judo Modern Pentathlon Rowing Sailing Shooting Soccer Softball Swimming Synch. Swimming Table Tennis Taekwondo Tennis Triathlon Volleyball Waterpolo Weightlifting Wrestling Home Fencing About this sport About Fencing History Rules Competition format ... Fencing events History Fencing’s history goes right back to the days when swords and armour were the principle equipment for warfare. As a sport, fencing can trace its history back hundreds of years before the birth of Christ, but it wasn’t until gunpowder made armour (and therefore large swords) redundant that it really took off as a sport. In fact, during the Renaissance period in Europe (14th–16th centuries) fencing was treated more like art than sport. Masters perfected techniques they then passed on to their chosen successors. In modern fencing, the aim is to strike the opponent. An electronic system records hits and keeps score. Fencing's three disciplines, although appearing similar on the surface, are quite different.

28. History | Modern Pentathlon | ABC Olympic Games Coverage Watson was tested during the fencing competition and told the IOC medical followedwas one of the more unedifying incidents in Australia’s olympic history. http://www.abc.net.au/olympics/MODERNPENTATHLON/about/history.htm

Choose a sport: All Sports Archery Athletics Badminton Baseball Basketball Beach Volleyball Boxing Canoe/Kayak Cycling Diving Equestrian Fencing Gymnastics Handball Hockey Judo Modern Pentathlon Rowing Sailing Shooting Soccer Softball Swimming Synch. Swimming Table Tennis Taekwondo Tennis Triathlon Volleyball Waterpolo Weightlifting Wrestling Home Modern Pentathlon About this sport About Modern Pentathlon History Competition Format Rules ... Modern pentathlon event details History Unfortunately, the modern pentathlon’s Olympic history has all too often failed to live up to the lofty ideals of its founder. In Mexico in 1968 Swedish competitor Hans Gunnar Liljeavall secured his place in Olympic history by being disqualified for consuming alcohol during the competition. Further controversy followed at the following Games in Munich when the sport’s governing body banned 14 athletes who were found to have taken tranquillisers, only to see the ban overturned by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) because it did not consider the tranquillisers as a banned substance. Australia has not escaped the unwelcome hand of controversy when it comes to the modern pentathlon.

29. Seacoast Fencing Club History: NH's Junior Olympic - Elite Training Facility All Rights Reserved. Seacoast fencing Club, City Hall Dover, NH 03800 (603) 4287040Copyright © 2001-2002 Seacoast fencing Club. All Rights Reserved. http://www.seacoastfencingclub.org/sfchistory.shtml

Seacoast Fencing Club has been training champions in the sport of fencing for 15 years. Our fencers have won eleven national championships, represented the United States at the World Championships and the Pan American Games. We have trained members of three additional National Championship Teams as well as a member of the United States 2000 World Champion Women's Sabre Team. We are one of the strongest junior clubs in the country, tied for third in total Under 19 Team medals at the Summer Nationals since 1997. Over the past 5 years, Seacoast members have won over 200 National, Sectional, and Divsion Championships at the Junior, Senior and Team level. Our fencers have gone on to compete on Varsity teams at Brown, Wellesley, Columbia, Duke, Northwestern, Cornell, Notre Dame, NYU, Princeton, University of Pennsylvania, and at the Military Academies of Annapolis, West Point and the Air Force Academy at Colorado Springs. Nearly all of our fencers have become Team Captains by their Senior Year of College. Seacoast Juniors and Seniors enjoy a solid reputation for skill, competitiveness, and sportsmanship, making them attractive to collegiate coaches throughout the United States. While we are one of the top competitive clubs in the country, we remain focused on the concept that sports are important only for their ability to define and improve character, build strong bodies, minds, spirits, and

30. INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC COMMITTEE - SPORTS olympic history, fencing was one of the few sports that admittedprofessionals prior to the 1980s. In fact, the original olympic http://www.olympic.org/uk/sports/programme/history_uk.asp?DiscCode=FE

31. INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC COMMITTEE - OLYMPIC GAMES In a performance unequaled in olympic history, Nedo Nadi of Italyearned gold medals in five of the six fencing events. Ethelda http://www.olympic.org/uk/games/past/index_uk.asp?OLGT=1&OLGY=1920

32. Brief History Of Canadian Fencing A Brief history of fencing in Canada. fencing is truly an olympic sport, havingbeen involved since the first modem olympic took place in Athens in 1896. http://www.fencing.ca/brief_cdn_fencing_history_eng.htm

A Brief History of Fencing in Canada Fencing is a modern and exciting sport, often described as trying to play chess while running the 100-metre dash! It's hard to believe that this thoroughly sophisticated sport has emerged from the serious and deadly combat practiced by the Three Mousquetaires. Fencing is truly an Olympic sport, having been involved since the first modem Olympic took place in Athens in 1896. In addition, Fencing holds the distinguished honour of being one of only four sports, which have participated in every Olympic Games since their inauguration. Canadian fencing dates back to 1816 when Maitre Girard opened the first fencing school in Montréal. The first Canadian Championships were held in 1902. It was not until the announcement of the 1976 Olympics and incorporation of the Canadian Fencing Federation in 1971, that the Federal Government provided financial assistance to develop elite athletes for the Montréal Olympiad, provided the stimulus for Canadian fencers to steadily improve their performance on the international scene. The CFF is a non-profit, amateur sports association and is the national governing body of fencing. It includes ten provincial fencing associations, which in turn represent eighty local clubs from coast to coast. Its mandate is to establish, develop and support fencing in Canada and to represent Canada on the international scene.

33. Hickok's Sports History: Index By Sport Top of Page E. Equestrian Sports Top of Page F. fencing history;fencing in America; olympic fencing; olympic Champions. Field Hockey http://hickoksports.hypermart.net/sprtindx.htm

Homeowners: Apply to refinance even with imperfect credit Index by Sport Choose the first letter of the sport: A B C D ... Z A Aerobatics Early History Since World War II Conduct of Competition ... Since World War II Sub-Topics Powder Puff Derby Reno National Air Races Amateurism Archery Early History Modern History Archery in the U.S. ... Other Types of Competition Auto Racing Sub-Topics Indianapolis 500 Top of Page B Badminton History Olympic Champions U. S. Champions ... Modern Ballooning Barrel Jumping Baseball History Early History (to 1845) "Invention" and Growth (1845-1868) The Professionals Take Over (1869-1875) The First Major League (1876-1889) BaseballSub-Topics College World Series Cy Young Memorial Award Doubleday Myth Knickerbocker Baseball Club ... World Series BaseballRelated Subjects Elysian Fields Most Valuable Players Rounders Top of Page Basketball Most Valuable Players NCAA Men's Tournament NCAA Women's Tournament Biathlon ... Olympic Champions Bicycle Polo Billiards Early History Billiards in America Carom Billiards ... An Olympic Future? Boardsailing Bobsledding History Conduct of Competition Olympic Champions ... Professional Bowling Sub Topics American Bowling Congress Ladies Professional Bowling Tour Professional Bowlers Association Women's International Bowling Congress Boxing History Early History (to 1838) Early Boxing in America Sub-Topics Awards Championship Fights International Boxing Hall of Fame Olympic Boxing Champions Related Subjects Martial Arts Wrestling Top of Page C Canadian Football Candlepin Bowling Canoeing and Kayaking

34. History Of Fencing history of fencing Where did it start? Early olympic games featured events forMasters, and until recently fencing was the only olympic sport that has http://www.metu.edu.tr/home/wwwfc/wif/history.html

History of Fencing - Where did it start? Swordfighting as sport has existed since ancient Egypt, and has been practiced in many forms in various cultures sincethen. Although jousting and tournament combat was a popular sport in the European middle ages, modern FIE fencing owes more to unarmoured dueling forms that evolved from 16th century rapier combat. Rapiers evolved from cut-and-thrus military swords, but were most popular amongst civilians who used it for self-defence and dueling. Rapiers were edged, but the primary means of attack was the thrust. Rapier fencing spread from Spain and Italy to northwest Europe, in spite of the objections of masters such as George Silver who preferred traditional cutting weapons such the English broad sword. The Spanish school, under masters such as Narvaez and Thibault, became a complicated and mystical affair whose geometrical theories required much practice to master. Italian masters like Agrippa and Capo Ferro developed a more pragmatic school in the late 16th and early 17th centuries, introducing innovations such as linear fencing and the lunge. By the 18th century, the rapier had evolved to a simpler, shorter, and lighter design that was popularized in France as the small sword. Although the small sword often had an edge, it was only to discourage the opponent from grabbing the blade,and the weapon was used exclusively for thrusting. The light weight made a more complex and defensive style possible,and the French masters developed a school based on defence with the sword, subtlety of movement, and complex attacks. When buttoned with a leather safety tip that resembled a flower bud, the small sword was known as le fleuret, and was identical in use to the modern foil (still known as le fleuret in French). Indeed, the French small sword school forms the basis of most of modern fencing theory.

35. Olympic History For Sporting Families olympic history for Families. his brothers, also Finnish champions, but without olympicsuccesses; the Bogen Gerevich family in fencing (474.75) Albert Bogen http://users.skynet.be/hermandw/olymp/families.html

Olympic History for Families The following are families of which more than one member have achieved Olympic successes (top-6) the Abbagnales, Italian Rowers (982) Carmine Abbagnale Giuseppe Abbagnale , his brother, who shared the coxed pairs gold in 1988 and 1992, silver in 1996 (315) Agostino Abbagnale , another brother, gold at double fours in 1988, gold at double scull in 1996 and 2000 (352) the Joyners, American Athletic stars (900.5) Jackie Joyner-Kersee Al Joyner, her older brother, gold at triple jump in 1984 (96) Florence Griffith-Joyner , his wife (194) the Kelly-Costello family (822) Paul Costello , triple gold medallist at double scull (480) John Kelly, sen , his cousin, who shared two of those medals (256) John Kelly, jun, his son, bronze at skiff in 1956 (36) Bernard Paul Costello, Paul's son, silver at the same event in 1956 (50) Prince Albert of Monaco, son of a certain film-star-princess, and grandson of John Kelly, sr, who represented Monaco on the bob-sled (0) the Gyarmati family (743) , his wife (236) Gyarmati Andrea, their daughter (95)

36. The Olympics - History http//kushkm.tripod.com/historyof-the The olympic games of 1896 were held in Athens Theevents included cycling, fencing, gymnastics, shooting, swimming, tennis http://www.personal.psu.edu/users/t/c/tcn109/olympic/history/

37. NEGRINI Fencing Line - History NEGRINI fencing LINE has reached the highest levels in fencing, withmany olympic athletes relying on its products. In particular http://www.negrini.com/history.htm

E ver since the 16th Century, the fortress-town of Verona represented an important production centre for the supply of weapons to the Winged Lion armies of the "Serenissima" Republic of Venice. The development of a tradition in the Verona area for high quality, hand-crafted, weapons and related products has been attributed, with authority, to this period. W hite arms manufactured in the city of the Scaligeri were used in important military actions. Examples of valued pieces are still kept in Museums and private collections and provide precise historical references of a period having as main characters the skilful artisans and artists of Verona, at the forefront in respect of other prestigious school in Italy. T T he company today, NEGRINI FENCING LINE, under the direction of Mrs. Anna Negrini and her two sons, Paolo and Michael, is an attentive interpreter of the increasing needs of the world markets, paying careful attention to style and quality in its production. Particular care is taken to guarantee the continuation of a prestigious tradition at the service of modern fencing. NEGRINI FENCING LINE has, over the years, has become a synonymous for quality, style and reliable equipment.

38. Cebu Fencing League history of fencing, Early olympic games featured events for Masters, and until recentlyfencing was the only olympic sport that has included professionals. http://www.orderbureau.com/cfl/abfence.htm

Home About us History of Fencing The Weapons ... Contact us History of Fencing Swordfighting as sport has existed since ancient Egypt, and has been practiced in many forms in various cultures since then. Although jousting and tournament combat was a popular sport in the European middle ages, modern FIE fencing owes more to unarmoured dueling forms that evolved from 16th century rapier combat. Rapiers evolved from cut-and-thrust military swords, but were most popular amongst civilians who used it for self-defence and dueling. Rapiers were edged, but the primary means of attack was the thrust. Rapier fencing spread from Spain and Italy to northwest Europe, in spite of the objections of masters such as George Silver who preferred traditional cutting weapons such the English broad sword. The Spanish school, under masters such as Narvaez and Thibault, became a complicated and mystical affair whose geometrical theories required much practice to master. Italian masters like Agrippa and Capo Ferro developed a more pragmatic school in the late 16th and early 17th centuries, introducing innovations such as linear fencing and the lunge. By the 18th century, the rapier had evolved to a simpler, shorter, and lighter design that was popularized in France as the small sword. Although the small sword often had an edge, it was only to discourage the opponent from grabbing the blade, and the weapon was used exclusively for thrusting. The light weight made a more complex and defensive style possible, and the French masters developed a school based on defence with the sword, subtlety of movement, and complex attacks. When buttoned with a leather safety tip that resembled a flower bud, the small sword was known as le fleuret, and was identical in use to the modern foil (still known as le fleuret in French). Indeed, the French small sword school forms the basis of most of modern fencing theory.

39. Canadian Women Olympic Fencers By Sport. olympic history. New Sports. Profiles. http://www.caaws.ca/olympics/2000/fencing/

Following Canadian Women to Sydney By Sport. Archery Badminton Basketball Canoe/Kayaking Cycling Diving Equestrian Fencing Gymnastics Judo Modern Pent. Paralympics Rowing Sailing Shooting Softball Swimming Table Tennis Tae Kwon Do Tennis Triathlon Trampoline Volleyball Water polo Weight Lifting Wheelchair Bball Windsurfing Wrestling Who has Qualified The Way to Sydney Olympic History New Sports ... Back to CAAWS Fencing Fencing frailty Despite a solid performance from veteran Jujie Luan, Canada was beaten 45-35 by Ukraine in the team fencing preliminaries and eliminated.- September 22, 2000 Veteran fencer loses in first round Even though she lost her first-round match in fencing 15-8 to South Korea's Seo Mi-Jung, getting to the Olympics would seem to have been enough for 42-year-old Jujie Luan.-September 21, 2000 Schalm upset in fencing An outside medal hope in fencing has lost her second round match. Sherraine Schalm, a 25-year-old from Ottawa, was beaten by Sangita Tripathi of France 15-13. - Sep. 15, 2000 Schalm captures World Cup fencing gold Sherraine Schalm of Ottawa's Excalibur Fencing Club won the gold medal in women's epee yesterday in a senior World Cup event in Seville, Spain. - May 29, 2000

40. Sherraine Schalm Wins Gold In Women's Epee At World Cup fencing. By Sport. olympic history. New Sports. http://www.caaws.ca/olympics/2000/fencing/fencing_may29.htm

FENCING By Sport. Archery Badminton Basketball Canoe/Kayaking Cycling Diving Equestrian Fencing Gymnastics Judo Modern Pent. Paralympics Rowing Sailing Shooting Softball Swimming Table Tennis Tae Kwon Do Tennis Triathlon Trampoline Volleyball Water polo Weight Lifting Wheelchair Bball Windsurfing Wrestling Who has Qualified The Way to Sydney Olympic History New Sports ... Back to CAAWS Monday May 29, 2000 The Ottawa Citizen Schalm captures World Cup fencing gold Sherraine Schalm of Ottawa's Excalibur Fencing Club won the gold medal in women's epee yesterday in a senior World Cup event in Seville, Spain. Schalm's triumph marked the first victory by a Canadian woman in any World Cup fencing event. Among Canadian men, only Quebecer Jean-Marc Chouinard reached a similar level, in men's epee. Schalm defeated Germany's Claudia Bokel in the final bout, by 15 touches to 13. She had previously defeated Cuban, Dutch and Spanish fencers in the earlier rounds. "I succeeded in using my whole technical palette, which allowed me to defeat four opponents with very different styles" Schalm said. "I surprised everyone, including the organizers, who did not even have the Canadian national anthem on hand to play at the medal ceremony."

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