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         San Indigenous Peoples Africa:     more books (19)
  1. Why Ostriches Don't Fly and Other Tales from the African Bush: by Irene Lewis, 1997-01-15
  2. The Broken String: The Last Words of an Extinct People by Neil Bennun, 2004-06-03
  3. Fragile Heritage by David Lewis-Williams, Geoffrey Blundell, 1998-01-01
  4. The First Bushman's Path: Stories, Songs and Testimonies of the /Xam of the North Cape by Alan James, 2002-03
  5. Rock Paintings Natal (Ukhahlamba) by J. David Lewis-Williams, 1992-12

21. Indigenous Peoples: Permanent Forum On Indigenous Issues
africa. Mr. Joseph PALACIO, No information No CV provided. Guyanese Organizationof indigenous peoples (GOIP) 116341000 san José Costa Rica
http://www.unhchr.ch/indigenous/nominations.htm
Working Group Special Rapporteur Permanent Forum Fellowship Programme Voluntary Funds for the Decade of
the World's

Indigenous People
Indigenous ... Main
Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues
Nominations for membership from indigenous organizations
(As of 22 November 2001)
Candidate Contact information of the candidate Nominating Organisation(s) Region for which the candidate is proposed Mr. Tomas ALARCON EYZAGUIRRE Av. Dos de Mayo, n°644
Tacna, Peru Tel: (51 54) 722601 Email: capaj@heroica.upt.edu.pe [CV provided] Quliana Suyg Winaya Aymara Marka
Apu Ulaqa Parlamento Del Pueblo Quillna Aymara (PPQA) El Alto, La Paz, Bolivia
Tel: (591) 824785 (Letter dated Aug, 3, 2001) Also nominated by: Yachay Wasi NY, USA Tel: (001) 212 567 6447
Email: yachaywasi@igc.org (Letter dated Sept 25, 2001) Latin America Mr. Marcial ARIAS GARCIA PO Box 2203,
Balboa, Ancon,
Panama, Rep . de Panama Tel: (507) 227 5090 Email: ariasmarcial@hotmail.com [CV provided] Consulta Regional sobre el Foro Permanente de Centro-America y el Caribe No address given.

22. Cultural Survival
2002. 26.1, The Kalahari san Selfdetermination in the Desert. 11.4, Militarizationand indigenous peoples, Part 2 africa, Asia, and the Middle East. 1987.
http://www.culturalsurvival.org/newpage/publications/csq/back_issues.cfm
Ethnosphere Publications Education Membership ... Special Projects SEARCH ADVANCED SEARCH Cultural Survival Quarterly Back Issues Volume Issue Indigenous Responses to Plan Colombia Melanesia: The Future of Tradition. 2002. Nurturing the Sacred in Aboriginal Australia. 2002. The Kalahari San: Self-determination in the Desert. 2002. ... Poisons and Peripheral People Industrial and Mining Hazards. 1982.

23. First Peoples Worldwide
First peoples Worldwide's involvement in southern africa began skills training directlyto san community members the Working Group of indigenous Minorities in
http://www.firstnations.org/Main/1stpepww.htm
First People Worldwide / www.firstpeoples.org
Mission
To create an Indigenous-controlled international organization that advocates for Indigenous self-governance and assists in the delivery of culturally appropriate economic development. Summary The United Nations estimates that Indigenous peoples number approximately 300 million in more than 70 countries. For example, it is now generally accepted that there are Indigenous peoples in the Americas, Asia, Africa, the South Pacific (including Australia and New Zealand) and parts of Europe. Many of these Indigenous peoples remain isolated from the dominant societies of their own nation states. Many continue to be discriminated against solely as a result of their Indigenous status and unique world view. Many communities are just beginning the long, arduous journey toward self-governance and meaningful economic development and are looking for lessons and models from other Indigenous groups. In the last several years, First Nations Development Institute, a Native American grantmaker and technical assistance organization, has received numerous requests for financial and technical assistance from Indigenous groups in Africa, Australia, Russia and Latin America. These groups want to design and implement their own development projects and programs. They are interested in how "we made it work" and in what we have learned in more than 18 years of trial and error. In response, First Nations Development Institute has developed an international program called First Peoples Worldwide which will eventually spin off into a separate international organization. The goals of FPW are:

24. Untitled
The Kimberley Declaration International indigenous peoples Summit on SustainableDevelopment Khoisan Territory Kimberley, South africa, 20-23 August 2002 We
http://www.quechuanetwork.org/yachaywasi/The_Kimberley_Declaration.htm
The Kimberley Declaration
International Indigenous Peoples Summit on Sustainable Development
Khoi-San Territory
Kimberley, South Africa, 20-23 August 2002

We, the Indigenous Peoples, walk to the future in the footprints of our ancestors
(Kari-Oca Declaration, Brazil, 30 May 1992)
We the Indigenous Peoples of the World assembled here reaffirm the Kari-Oca Declaration and the Indigenous Peoples' Earth Charter. We again reaffirm our previous declarations on human and environmental sustainability.*?
Since 1992, the discussions on sustainable development have been intensified however, the ecosystems of the earth continue to be degraded increasingly. We are in crisis. We are in an accelerating spiral of climate change that will not abide unsustainable greed.
Today we reaffirm our relationship to Mother Earth and our responsibility to coming generations to uphold peace, equity and justice. We continue to pursue the committments made at Earth Summit as reflected in this political declaration and the accompanying plan of action. The
commitments which were made to Indigenous Peoples in Agenda 21, including our full and effective participation, have not been implemented due to the lack of political will.

25. World Conference Against Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia And Related I
or Basarwa) are the Southern africa's first peoples or nationsthe hunters and gatherers.Like other indigenous peoples the world over, the san have suffered
http://www.hri.ca/racism/Submitted/Theme/san.shtml

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SAN YOUTH AND THEIR EDUCATIONAL ASPIRATIONS
by Dr. Ivy N. Goduka
Dept. of Human Environmental Studies
Central Michigan University
Mt. Pleasant, 48859 MI Phone # (517) 774-6403 Fax # (517) 774-2435 E-mail address: goduk1in@mail.cmich.edu
Introduction: Muir summarizes an account of the traditional Aboriginal world view as follows: The Aboriginal universe is basically one in which physical, scientific qualities are irrelevant and the world takes on meaning through the qualities, relationships and laws laid down in the dreaming. The Aboriginal world is not constrained by time and space - the land is still inhabited by the same beings which were involved in its creation. The spirits of the dead are constantly present. Ceremonies not only re-enact the activities of ancient heroes but also recreate them. English words are inadequate to describe this historic and contemporary world. C The value of things lies in their quality and relatedness, in a world made up of objects related through their spiritual essences, rather than physical properties.

26. CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT CULTURAL POLICIES
In order to extend its work for indigenous African peoples UNESCO intends to Africansan Institute (SASI) through a pilot project for the san and Khoe
http://www.unesco.org/africa/portal/culteng_3.html
CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
CULTURAL POLICIES

CULTURAL POLICIES
The African Itinerant College for Culture and Development (AICCD)
Launched in 1996, this regional project is based in Dakar at the UN Institute for Economic Development and Planning (IDEP). It is intended to strengthen African national capacities in terms of planning, monitoring and evaluating development strategies, programmes and projects with a cultural angle. Since being inaugurated it has provided eight subregional training and awareness-building courses and conducted three regional research projects on various aspects of the interaction between culture and development. A donors' meeting was organized on 17 and 18 February 1999 in Dakar (Senegal) under the aegis of IDEP and UNESCO. Among the 65 participants were representatives from international, regional and subregional organizations, specialized agencies, governments, regional offices and partner countries of United Nations agencies.
In 2000-2001 the project has been expanded in keeping with the conclusions of the 1998-1999 assessment of the experimental phase and consultations with potential donors. Partnership with national commissions, NGOs, academic institutions, development organizations and international funding agencies will be developed. The aim is to make some 200 decision-makers, planners and development agents aware of the interaction between culture and various development issues such as HIV/AIDS prevention.

27. FPP Web Page2
Rwanda. English. Français. South africa. indigenous peoples and ConservationWorkshop presentation by the =Khomani san of South africa.
http://forestpeoples.gn.apc.org/Briefings/Africa/fpproj_kigali_conf_sept01_base.
Forest Peoples Project is the charitable arm of Forest Peoples Programme. Registered UK Charity No. 1082158
Indigenous Peoples and Protected Areas in Africa:
From Principles to Practice
Conference held in Kigali, Rwanda,
4-7 September 2001
Background
In Africa one million square kilometres have been designated as conservation areas. Under the ‘classic’ model of conservation, in which human presence is deemed incompatible with wildlife, local communities have been forcibly removed from conservation areas, resulting in loss of self-respect, culture and access to vital resources, and in social and economic marginalisation as well as impoverishment and destruction of age-old mechanisms for managing natural resources. New internationally-agreed conservation principles have been developed recognising the rights of indigenous peoples to the use, ownership and control of their traditional territories. However, implementation of this approach is lagging behind. The majority of communities affected by conservation continue to suffer impoverishment, lack of access to resources and cultural collapse.
Conference
As part of a two-year project, funded by the UK’s Community Fund, to support a dialogue between African indigenous peoples and conservation bodies, FPP in conjuction with CAURWA (Communauté des Autochtones Rwandais) held an international conference in Kigali in September 2001. This event brought together for the first time representatives of indigenous communities, African conservation managers and staff, and members of indigenous peoples’ support organisations. The conference provided a forum in which indigenous peoples from seven African countries presented their own case studies documenting the impacts of conservation projects on their lands and livelihoods. The discussion of each of these situations generated new insights into the issues and provided a constructive basis for much-needed future collaboration between affected communities and conservation agencies.

28. FPP Web Page2
in africa From Principles to Practice. held in Kigali, Rwanda, September 2001.indigenous peoples Conservation Workshop Presentation by The =Khomani san of.
http://forestpeoples.gn.apc.org/Briefings/Africa/fpproj_s_africa_summ_eng.htm
Summary of case study presented at the CAURWA/FPP conference: Indigenous Peoples and Protected Areas in Africa: From Principles to Practice held in Kigali, Rwanda, September 2001
Workshop Presentation by The =Khomani San of
South Afri ca
by Roger Chennells
The San peoples of South Africa have over the past century been decimated to the point of virtual extinction. Those that survived were driven off their traditional land, and forced to exist alongside the more powerful and dominant cultures of pastoralists and colonial landowners. Fewer and fewer San practiced their ancient culture, and as a group they and lifestyle became a thing of memory, as the San lost touch with the Kalahari wilderness. A group of San peoples, representing a number of language groups and known as the =Khomani San, decided in 1994 to launch a land claim under the new constitution. They claimed return of their ancient rights in and to their traditional land in the Southern Kalahari, most of which lay within the present Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park. In March 1999 the first phase of the land claim was completed, as the government returned 40,000 hectares of farmland outside the Park to the San. This land, six farms in all, is to be used for the benefit and development of the approximately 1,000 San that are now members of the Trust and thus registered co-owners of this land. The intention is to use the land for game-farming, eco-tourism, and other related activities.

29. Khoe San 2003 International Conference - General Information
lifestyles and general quality of life of the indigenous peoples across the For overa century, the Khoe and san peoples in Southern africa have featured
http://www.ub.bw/news/conf/khoesan/geninfo.html
Research for Khoe and San Development
Hosted by the University of Botswana
10-12 September 2003, Gaborone, Botswana
General Information
Introduction The cultures, lifestyles and general quality of life of the Indigenous peoples across the world have attracted the attention of researchers, development practitioners, government officials and non-governmental organizations all over the world. However, limited opportunities exists for interested parties to meet and exchange information on a variety of development issues the directly or indirectly affect the Khoe and San. Questions are increasingly being raised on the extent to which the Khoe and San are included in their own development and thus able to shape their destiny. We are pleased to announce plans for an international Khoe and San conference to be held in Botswana University of Botswana ) on the 10-12 September 2003. The conference entitled: Research for Khoe and San Development will provide a unique environment for academics, government officials, development practitioners and the Khoe and San to dialogue on pertinent issues of mutual concern. The timing of this conference is opportune, given the recent international negative publicity about the treatment of the San in Botswana. It will raise the profile of the problem and provide essential information for future development in the area of research, policy making and programme implementation. Additionally, it will provide and an important platform for the Khoesan representatives to express their understandings and desires for more appropriate development policies and programmes.

30. World Cultures
Habarino!) Rashaida Samburu san (Namibia) Tuareg (Sahara) Wodaabe Server VirtualLibrary african Studies indigenous peoples Rights Question in africa.
http://www.indigenouspeople.net/world.htm
Europe, Asia, Africa, and Oceania
Indigenous Peoples of Europe
Putting Minority Languages on the Map!
(GeoNative - Ongi etorri GeoNative gunera!)
Buber's Basque Page
(Buberen Euskal Orrialdera)
European Islands
(England, Ireland, Scotland, Wales, etc,)
Gaelic Peoples
(Eire, the Isle of Man, and Scotland)
Latvia/Livonia
(Li'vzeme)
Romani
(Tsigani/Cigano/Zigeuner/Gypsies) Russia
(50+ Indigenous Groups)
Chukchi
Even
Udegeh
Saami of Scandanavia Norway ... Finland , and Russia
Indigenous Peoples of Africa
Authentic African Art
Ba-Benjelle Pygmies (Central Africa)
Bantu Languages ...
Wodaabe
Other African Sites
Africa-Net
African Documents
African National Congress
African National Congress FTP ...
Indigenous Peoples Rights Question in Africa
Indigenous Peoples of Asia/Middle East
Ainu (Japan)
Arabic Literature
Azerbaijani (Azerbaijan)
Bajau (Philippines)
Bakhtiari (Iran)
Bedouin
Kafir/Nuristanis (Pakistan)
Kazakhs (Mongolia)
Kurds (Kurdistan)
Labakhis (Tibet/Bhutan)
Kalash Literature "Brargini, doy tazim"

31. Biopiracy Summit / WSSD 2002
generated the presentation of the san, an indigenous peoples in South africa, Namibia,Botswana which is used since time immemorial by the san to suppress
http://www.gtz.de/biodiv/wssd02/e_index.html

Biodiv Home

Deutsche Version

The South African NGO Biowatch organized with financial support and advice of GTZ the 2nd South-South Biopiracy Summit (22./23.08.02) directly prior to the World Summit on Sustainable Development 2002 (WSSD) to discuss issues of access to genetic resources and related benefit-sharing (ABS), which have not been sufficiently covered in the official preparatory process of WSSD. About 150 representatives of indigenous peoples, national and international NGOs, the academe as well as industry and politics from 20 countries world-wide participated in the conference, which generated considerable media attention in South Africa.
In his opening keynote Dr. Tewolde Berhan Egziabher (Ethiopia) outlined the development of the international discussion on biopiracy in the context of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) an d highlighted critical the diverging interests of market oriented research and local communities, striving for survival. During the following presentations and discussions in the two parallel sessions on ABS and intellectual property rights (IPR) a general disappointment was expressed that the expectations generated by the CBD of bioprospecting as a tool for generating funds for nature conservation and improvement of the livelihoods of indigenous and local communities could not be fulfilled until today. As reasons predominantly missing legal frameworks at the national level, unequal negotiating power between bioprospecting companies and resource countries, lacking recognition of indigenous peoples by national governments and missing protection of traditional knowledge were pinpointed.

32. Dialogue Between Nations -- Kimberley
More than 6000 members of the Mier and san communities, who jointly make up calledfor the restoration of land to the indigenous peoples in South africa.
http://www.dialoguebetweennations.com/IR/english/KariOcaKimberley/Land.htm
LAND By Yusuf Ali
September 2, 2002
It was songs and dance. It was joyful as the Indigenous community of Ikhomani in the North West of South Africa celebrated the return of their ancestral land.
More than 6000 members of the Mier and San communities, who jointly make up the Ikhomani group, danced and praised their God as the South African Minister for Agriculture and Lands, Ms Thoko Didiza handed the Lands Title Certificate to them at a colorful ceremony held at the Kalahari Transfrontier Park on the border of South Africa and Botswana.
The restoration of the more than 5000 hectares of land to the community, which came as delegates gathered in Johannesburg for the World Summit on Sustainable Development, was a major gain for the Indigenous Peoples Caucus who in their Kimberley Declaration called for the restoration of land to the Indigenous Peoples in South Africa.
A number of delegates from the Indigenous Caucus: Victoria Tauli Corpuz, Pauline Tangiora and Kenneth Deer, who joined the locals in the celebrations, commended the South African government for their recognition of the Indigenous Peoples.
"These is quite commendable, and we hope the leaders in the rest of the countries across the world would see this and follow suit" said Vicky Tauli, a member of the Philippine's Tebtebba Foundation.

33. Dialogue Between Nations -- Kimberley Introduction
National Khoisan Consultative Conference (NKOK) and the The indigenous peoples'Summit was organized by an seven regions - Asia, africa, Circumpolar, Russia
http://www.dialoguebetweennations.com/IR/english/KariOcaKimberley/KimberleyIntro
KIMBERLEY INTRODUCTION
The Indigenous Peoples' International Summit on Sustainable Development
August 20-24, 2002
Kimberley, South Africa
Conference Hall, Kimberley, South Africa As the world prepared for the World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD), Indigenous Peoples were called upon to provide their own assessment of the implementation of sustainable development over the last decade and to identify which priorities and partnerships are important for them in the coming years. In 1992, at the United Nations World Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), Indigenous peoples were recognized as a Major Group, and the United Nations' objectives concerning their role is specified in Chapter 26, of Agenda 21.
Ten years later, before the United Nations World Summit on Sustainable Development convened, Indigenous Peoples came together for an Indigenous Peoples' International Summit on Sustainable Development that was held in Kimberley, South Africa on 20-24 August, 2002. The summit's objective was to develop the Indigenous Peoples' Agenda for Sustainable Development, present it to the WSSD and develop strategies for its implementation beyond the WSSD.
The tentative agenda for the Indigenous Peoples' Summit focused on the following themes:
  • Indigenous Peoples' agenda for sustainable development Indigenous Peoples and globalization
  • 34. Aboriginal Planet - Around The Planet - Africa & The Middle East
    desert Amazigh (Berbers) of the north to the Forest peoples (Pygmies) of centralAfrica and the southern san (Bushmen), African indigenous peoples recognize a
    http://www.dfait-maeci.gc.ca/aboriginalplanet/around/africa/arafrica-en.asp
    Français Contact Us Help Search ...
    South Africa
    Africa is home to one of the largest indigenous populations of the estimated 300 to 500 million indigenous people worldwide. From the desert Amazigh (Berbers) of the north to the Forest Peoples (Pygmies) of central Africa and the southern San (Bushmen), African indigenous peoples recognize a common struggle for cultural recognition and protection. Several African countries have now begun real dialogue on indigenous issues. At the United Nations, African aboriginal representation matches, even rivals, that of the other continents, though they first appeared on the UN stage but ten years ago. Their efforts in every area are buoyed by landmark developments such as the African Commission on Human Rights' decision, two years ago, to take indigenous issues up for discussion. Canada is chiefly involved in African indigenous issues at the multilateral level with the United Nations' Working Group on Indigenous Populations and the brand-new Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, though there is much scope for future bilateral cooperation. For more information about Canada, indigenous peoples and African development, see our

    35. Aboriginal Planet - Around The Planet - Africa & The Middle East
    Imazighen (Berbers) of the north to the Forest peoples (Pygmies) of central Africaand the southern san (Bushmen), African indigenous peoples recognize a
    http://www.dfait-maeci.gc.ca/foreign_policy/aboriginal/750/around/africa/arafric

    Contact Us
    Help Search Canada Site ...
    South Africa
    Africa is home to one of the largest indigenous populations of the estimated 300 to 500 million indigenous people worldwide. From the desert Amazigh (Berbers) of the north to the Forest Peoples (Pygmies) of central Africa and the southern San (Bushmen), African indigenous peoples recognize a common struggle for cultural recognition and protection. Several African countries have now begun real dialogue on indigenous issues. At the United Nations, African aboriginal representation matches, even rivals, that of the other continents, though they first appeared on the UN stage but ten years ago. Their efforts in every area are buoyed by landmark developments such as the African Commission on Human Rights' decision, two years ago, to take indigenous issues up for discussion. Canada is chiefly involved in African indigenous issues at the multilateral level with the United Nations' Working Group on Indigenous Populations and the brand-new Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, though there is much scope for future bilateral cooperation. For more information about Canada, indigenous peoples and African development, see our

    36. Williams College | Press Release
    that monitors and evaluates such programs throughout South africa. served his residencyat UCsan Diego. to improve the lives of indigenous peoples around the
    http://www.williams.edu/admin/news/releases/archives/02/041501.html
    WILLIAMS COLLEGE Office of Public Affairs
    P.O. Box 676, Williamstown, MA 01267, USA
    tel: 413-597-4277; fax: 413-597-4158
    e-mail: news@williams.edu Williams College Awards Annual Bicentennial Medals WILLIAMSTOWN, MASS., April 15, 2002Williams College President Morton Owen Schapiro presented six of the college's Bicentennial Medals at a private ceremony this weekend. Established in 1993 on the occasion of the college's 200th anniversary, Bicentennial Medals honor members of the Williams community for distinguished achievement in any field of endeavor. The college awarded 23 Bicentennial Medals in 1993 and has added five to seven in each year since. This year's recipients were:
    • Mitchell J. Besser, HIV-AIDS worker in the U.S. and South Africa Robert T. Coulter, co-founder and executive director of the Indian Law Resource Center Patricia Hellman Gibbs, co-founder and co-director of a San Francisco health clinic for the uninsured Alvin B. Kernan, writer, scholar, and former professor and administrator at Yale and Princeton

    37. Kimberley Declaration
    YACHAY WASI. From the International indigenous peoples Summit on SustainableDevelopment Khoisan Territory Kimberley, South africa, 20-23 August 2002.
    http://www.yachaywasi-ngo.org/kimberley.htm

    38. - Global Policy Forum - Globalization
    First peoples Worldwide. International indigenous peoples Summit on SustainableDevelopment Khoisan Territory Kimberley, South africa, 20-23 August 2002.
    http://www.globalpolicy.org/globaliz/cultural/2002/0919kim.htm
    The Kimberley Declaration
    First Peoples Worldwide
    International Indigenous Peoples Summit on Sustainable Development Khoi-San Territory Kimberley, South Africa, 20-23 August 2002 We, the Indigenous Peoples, walk to the future in the footprints of our ancestors (Kari-Oca Declaration, Brazil, 30 May 1992) We the Indigenous Peoples of the World assembled here reaffirm the Kari-Oca Declaration and the Indigenous Peoples’ Earth Charter. We again reaffirm our previous declarations on human and environmental sustainability.* Since 1992 the ecosystems of the earth have been compounding in change. We are in crisis. We are in an accelerating spiral of climate change that will not abide unsustainable greed. Today we reaffirm our relationship to Mother Earth and our responsibility to coming generations to uphold peace, equity and justice. We continue to pursue the commitments made at Earth Summit as reflected in this political declaration and the accompanying plan of action. The commitments which were made to Indigenous Peoples in Agenda 21, including our full and effective participation, have not been implemented due to the lack of political will. As peoples, we reaffirm our rights to self-determination and to own, control and manage our ancestral lands and territories, waters and other resources. Our lands and territories are at the core of our existence – we are the land and the land is us; we have a distinct spiritual and material relationship with our lands and territories and they are inextricably linked to our survival and to the preservation and further development of our knowledge systems and cultures, conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity and ecosystem management.

    39. Education In The International Decade Of Indigenous Peoples: Bringing Education
    san Xguka Krisjan, san Aaron Johannes, san. for indigenous People // Harare andindigenous peoples // Land and spirituality in africa // Land Breaking
    http://www.wcc-coe.org/wcc/what/jpc/echoes-16-02.html
    The Earth as Mother
    Education in the International Decade
    of Indigenous Peoples:
    Bringing education back into the mainstream
    of Indigenous Peoples' lives By Raymundo Rovillos
    They wanted us to go to school
    And to turn the pages of books...
    Why learn the language of books
    When the forest speaks to you?
    One cannot eat books,
    And pens and pencils are poor weapons
    To kill the deer of the mountains And the grunting boar...
    This poem aptly illustrates one of the issues raised by Indigenous Peoples against the system of education that was imposed on them by colonial and neo-colonial powers. It is a biting indictment of an educational system that is perceived as unsuitable to their needs. Indeed, Indigenous Peoples in many parts of the world identify education as a crucial factor in the historical process of their marginalization. The process started at the onset of western colonization and was carried over by nation-states after decolonization. A Handmaiden of Assimilation In their attempt to consolidate colonial power, and later, nation-states, the ruling elite imposed a policy of assimilation nay westernization. This policy was implemented by missionaries and schools that they set up in Indigenous communities. This resulted in the virtual obliteration of most of the Indigenous Peoples’ way of life their cultural practices, traditions, arts, languages. Some elements of their culture, those that were deemed acceptable to the "moral" (i.e., western, Christian and patriarchal) standards of the colonizers and ruling elite, were integrated into the dominant national culture.

    40. Joint Program Of Sections On Africa, Law And Anthropology And Native American Ri
    Plaza B Hilton san Francisco and Towers Lobby inherent selfdetermination of thesenations and peoples. for the decolonization of the indigenous nation control
    http://www.aals.org/am2001/5210.html
    Association of American Law Schools
    2001 Annual Meeting
    Wednesday, January 3, 2001 - Saturday, January 6, 2001
    San Francisco, California Friday, January 5, 2001
    10:30 a.m.–12:15 p.m. Plaza B
    Hilton San Francisco and Towers
    Lobby Level

    Joint Program of Sections on Africa, Law and Anthropology and Native American Rights
    Charles A. Marvin, Georgia State University, and Chair, Section on Africa
    John M. Conley, University of North Carolina, and Chair and Program Co-Chair, Section on Law and Anthropology
    Robert B. Porter, University of Kansas, and Chair and Program Co-Chair, Section on, Native American Rights Beverly I. Moran, University Of Wisconsin, Program Co-Chair, Section on Africa Comparative Decolonization Theories and Practice in Africa, Canada and the United States Moderators: Beverly I. Moran, University of Wisconsin Robert B. Porter, University of Kansas Speakers: James Youngblood Henderson, Professor and Director, Native Law Centre of Canada, College of Law, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada William M. O'Barr, Professor and Chairof Anthropology, Department of Cultural Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina

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