81. International Campaign For Tibet : Tibet - The Issues : Tibetan History, Politic International legal scholars agree that from 1911 until the Chinese invasion in 1949,tibet was a fully tibetan history, Politics and Legal Situation, View All. http://www.savetibet.org/Tibet/TibetList.cfm?c=22

82. The Status Of Tibet The Invasion of tibet. The turning point of tibet's history came in 1949,when the People's Liberation Army of the PRC first crossed into tibet. http://www.tibet.com/Status/statuslaw.html

The Status of Tibet The Tibetan Government-in-exile, headed by His Holiness the Dalai Lama, Tibet's exiled head of state and spiritual leader, has consistently held that Tibet has been under illegal Chinese occupation since China invaded the independent state in 1949/50. The People's Republic of China (PRC) insists that its relation with Tibet is purely an internal affairs, because Tibet is and has been for centuries an integral part of China. The question of Tibet's status is essentially a legal question, albeit one of immediate political relevance. The PRC makes no claim to sovereign rights over Tibet as a result of its military subjugation and occupation of Tibet following its armed invasion in 1949-50. Indeed, the PRC could hardly make that claim, since it categorically rejects as illegal claims to sovereignty put forward by other states based on conquest, occupation, or the imposition of unequal treaties. Instead, the PRC bases its claims to Tibet solely on the theory that Tibet became an integral part of China 700 year ago. Early History Although the history of the Tibetan state started in 127 B.C., with the establishment of the Yarlung Dynasty, the country as we know it was first unified in the 7th Century A.D., under King Songtsen Gampo and his successors. Tibet was one of the mightiest powers of Asia for the three centuries that followed, as a pillar inscription at the foot of the Potala Palace in Lhasa and Chinese Tang histories of the period confirm. A formal peace treat concluded between China and Tibet in 821/823 demarcated the borders between the two countries and ensured that, "Tibetans shall be happy in Tibet and Chinese shall be happy in China."

83. Tibet Digital Library: Politics And History history and Politics of tibet. history Overview. Politics 12 Things You ShouldKnow About tibet and China. YOU ARE HERE tibet DIGITAL LIBRARY POLITICS history http://www.crosby-lundin.com/tibet/politics/

Main Page Overview 12 Things Culture ... Credits History and Politics of Tibet History Overview Politics 12 Things You Should Know About Tibet and China YOU ARE HERE: TIBET DIGITAL LIBRARY Contact with questions or comments.

84. SNAC ~ Tibet State And History tibet State and history. Wed, Jul 19, 2000; by Michael Zajac. tibetwas an independent country; a country that held a culture distinct http://snacnews.weblogs.com/tibet/history

The St. Norbert Arts Centre Artistic Director: Louise W. May lmay@snacc.mb.ca Home News Projects and Programmes ... Information about the St. Norbert Arts Centre's facilities, history and on-going programmes for the public and professionals. About this Website The St. Norbert Arts Centre is a multi-disciplinary arts centre involved in the production and presentation of art in all forms, and bridging the gap between artists and their audience. admin: info@snacc.mb.ca tech: newmedia@snacc.mb.ca Subscribe to our email list for occasional announcements of upcoming events: Name: Email: Members Join Now Login SNAC News: News Home Releases People Tibet ... Music In The Ruins Tibet State and History Wed, Jul 19, 2000; by Michael Zajac. Tibet was an independent country; a country that held a culture distinct from China, evident in Tibet's people, history, language, and politics. The majority of its population have embraced the Buddhist teachings of nonviolence and compassion for hundreds of years. The country and people were led by the Dalai Lama, who served as both the spiritual and political leader. The Tibetan people knew little about war, starvation, torture, genocide or the world outside the mountains that surrounded them. It was in 1949 when the People's Liberation army of China invaded and took control of Tibet. Since that time, they have transformed a quiet and peaceful country into a brutal police state. Already 1.2 million Tibetans, representing 1/5th of the total population, have lost theri lives as a direct result of the occupation. Over 6000 of its ancient monasteries have been demolished, the wild animals are gone, the forests have been logged and much of the land has been developed.

85. History Of Tibet Resources history of tibet Resources. If you have an historically based website and wishto be linked to this site or have any suggestions, please email me! http://www.snowcrest.net/jmike/tibet.html

History of Tibet Resources If you have an historically based website and wish to be linked to this site or have any suggestions, please e-mail us! All submitted links are reviewed for quality of academic content. Last updated: 3/20/03 Tibet Mysteries of Tibetan Medicine More resources to come as they are developed. Cool Links Histor eSearch.com Gourmet Rock and Roll Online Stores Primary Source History Bookstore Documentary Videos Online History Channel's Online Store

86. History And Purpose Of The Nepal And Tibet Study Circle The Nepal and tibet Philatelic Study Circle. history and Purpose ofthe Nepal and tibet Study Circle. The NTPSC was formed in 1974 http://fuchs-online.com/ntpsc/history.htm

The N epal and T ibet P hilatelic S tudy C ircle History and Purpose of the Nepal and Tibet Study Circle The NTPSC was formed in 1974 as "The Nepal Study Circle" with the aim of encouraging the study of stamps and postal history of Nepal. Since then Tibet was included in the name. Articles on Sikkim and Bhutan are included in our magazine. Members are encouraged to publish their studies and the following have been completed so far; The Native Postmarks of Nepal by Dr. Wolfgang C. Hellrigl and Colin Hepper, 1978, The Sri Pashupati Issues of Nepal by Colin Hepper Nepal Postal History by Dr. Wolfgang C. Hellrigl The Classic Stamps of Nepal by Dr. Wolfgang C. Hellrigl and Frank Vignola, May 1984 Nepal Postal Stationary by Dick van der Wateren, 1995 The Postal Markings of Tibet by Dr. Wolfgang C. Hellrigl, 1996. We are a postal society with a world wide membership of approx. 150 and the vehicle that keeps the members informed of the latest information is a quarterly magazine "Postal Himal". Postal Auctions are also held two or three times a year, which apart from helping to finance the society they are a good source of good quality material. Meetings are often held in conjunction with international exhibitions when a number of our members are attending that particular exhibition. The NTPSC is affiliated with: American Philatelic Society, Affiliate # 122

87. A History Of Modern Tibet, 1913-1951 Melvyn C. Goldstein A history of Modern tibet, 19131951 The Demise ofthe Lamaist State Publication Date June 1991. http://www.ucpress.edu/books/pages/2403.html

Entire Site Books Journals E-Editions The Press Melvyn C. Goldstein A History of Modern Tibet, 1913-1951 The Demise of the Lamaist State Publication Date: June 1991 Subjects: History Asian History Tibet Rights: World 936 pages Paperback Available Now Description Awards About the Author Related Books "Goldstein's marvelous book, while compassionate, is also clearsighted. . . . A magnificent study of modern Tibet."Jonathan Mirsky, New York Review of Books "An extraordinary expositionhard to surpassof a most difficult and controversial historical period."Kidder Smith, Religious Studies Review "Masterful. . . . Careful, thoughtful and authoritative."A. Tom Grunfeld, The China Quarterly "If in your life you read only one book on Tibet, read this."Michael Hutt, South Asia Research DESCRIPTION (back to top) Drawing on a wealth of British, American, and Indian diplomatic records; first-hand-historical accounts written by Tibetan participants; and extensive interviews with former Tibetan officials, monastic leaders, soldiers, and traders, Goldstein meticulously examines what happened and why. He balances the traditional focus on international relations with an innovative emphasis on the intricate web of internal affairs and events that produced the fall of Tibet. Scholars and students of Asian history will find this work an invaluable resource and interested readers will appreciate the clear explanation of highly polemicized, and often confusing, historical events. ABOUT THE AUTHOR (back to top) b>Melvyn C. Goldstein

88. Tibet Fund history. The tibet Fund was founded in 1981 at a time when the international communityhad seemingly forgotten the people of tibet, though tibet itself remained http://www.tibetfund.org/site/about/history.html

History Message from His Holiness Letter from President Board and Staff FAQ ... Pendant History The Tibet Fund was founded in 1981 at a time when the international community had seemingly forgotten the people of Tibet, though Tibet itself remained under the iron grip of the Chinese government. Few foreign journalists or tourists were allowed into Tibet, and the story of the Tibetan people and their suffering was largely unknown. The failure of the world to recognize and respond to the situation in Tibet left many Tibetan refugees demoralized and feeling abandoned. Humanitarian assistance to the settlements in India and Nepal had diminished greatly in the 1970's, and many people believed that the Tibetan refugee community was in danger of losing its ability to preserve and sustain its culture and national identity. It was within this context that the Tibet Fund was organized to assist the refugee community and to preserve and promote the Tibetan culture. Despite the lack of international awareness and support for Tibet, a small group of U.S. citizens and several Tibetan immigrants living in the United States established the Tibet Fund, with His Holiness the Dalai Lama as its patron. Its initial capital was $10,000, consisting largely of donations from members of the Tibetan community. One of the Tibet Fund's first projects was to sponsor a visit of His Holiness the Dalai Lama to the United States to raise awareness about the Tibetan culture and religion. On that visit, His Holiness expressed his desire that the Tibet Fund focus its support on the Tibetan refugee community's efforts at self-help, self-determination, and self-sufficiency, as well as on spreading a general familiarity with Tibetan religion and culture in the West. Responding to this challenge, the Tibet Fund began supporting projects in India and Nepal, and working closely with the Central Tibetan Administration (CTA) in Dharamsala, India. Among the accomplishments of these seminal years were grants to Tibetan cultural centers, educational programs focusing on the situation in Tibet, monastic and religious exchanges, educational opportunities for Tibetan students to study in the United States, and productions of various films and documentaries about Tibet.

89. English Frame From China Internet Information Center. Features history of tibet, maintaining that tibet has been an inalienable part of China since ancient times. http://www.tibet-china.org/serie_book/english/independentframe.html

This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.

90. FROM TIBET TO INDIA: History Of The Attempted Destruction Of Tibetan Culture of the Chinese invasion and the Chinese attempts at total domination of tibetThe Dragon in the Land of the Snows A history of Modern tibet Since 1947 (1 http://www.itmonline.org/arts/drepadd.htm

FROM TIBET TO INDIA: History of the Attempted Destruction of Tibetan Culture in Tibet and the Efforts at Preservation of Tibetan Culture in Exile essay by Subhuti Dharmananda, Ph.D., Director, Institute for Traditional Medicine, Portland, Oregon BACKGROUND NOTES An excellent new book has appeared to fill out the limited information on modern Tibet. It is a history of the Chinese invasion and the Chinese attempts at total domination of Tibet: The Dragon in the Land of the Snows: A History of Modern Tibet Since 1947 The author, Tsering Shakya, was born in Tibet and later attended London University where he is now a research fellow. This book is well balanced, providing recognition for Chinese efforts that were aimed at helping the Tibetans (within the confines of the policy to absorb the nation into China) as well as those that were destructive. The early and dramatic part of the story—the Communist take-over in China and the subsequent invasion of Tibet in 1949 leading to the exile of the Dalai Lama in 1959—has been portrayed in the popular film Kundun and in the book My Land and My People by the Dalai Lama (1962).

91. History Of Tibet Brief history of tibet In 1949, onehundred thousand troops from thenewly formed People's Republic of China invaded tibet. Until http://students.washington.edu/tibet/history.html

Brief History of Tibet In 1949, one-hundred thousand troops from the newly formed People's Republic of China invaded Tibet. Until that time, Tibet had been home to one of the world's oldest and most religious civilizations. In the Spring of 1959, reacting to the brutal Chinese occupation, the people of Tibet demonstrated in the capital city of Lhasa, but were attacked by the Chinese forces. The Dalai Lama and 80,000 of Tibet's people fled into exile, taking temporary residence with their neighbors in Nepal, Bhutan, and India. Since the occupation, the People's Republic of China has carried out a campaign of cultural destruction against Tibet and its people. During this time, 1.2 million Tibetans - more than one-sixth of Tibet's population - have been killed. Over 6,000 monasteries, once the seats of Tibet's Buddhist religion, and other cultural centers have been destroyed and looted. Though several countries in the United Nations have condemned China's human rights violations, China has continuously ignored the views of the rest of the world. Such violations continue to this day, as the exiled Tibetan people wait to return to their once free country.

92. Tibet Travel: Tibet Tour, Tibet Travel Agency Season January to December. Destination China, Mongolia, tibet. Activity Arthistory, Archeology/history, Cultural Expeditions. Duration 10 days. Price http://www.infohub.com/TRAVEL/SIT/sit_pages/Tibet.html

Home Categories Active Adventure Affinity Family Hobby ... Sports Destination Africa Asia Australia Caribbean ... South America Unique Stays Castle Hotel Eco Lodge Resorts Diving Tibet Travel Make your own tour to China, Tibet or Mongolia! Season: January to December Destination: China Mongolia Tibet Activity: Art History Archeology/History Cultural Expeditions Duration: 10 days Price: $1995 and above the Great China-Mongolia Tour (Tibet extension) Season: May to September Destination: Tibet China Mongolia Activity: Archeology/History Art/Architecture Cultural Expeditions Duration: 18 days Price: $3825 and above Tibet - China - Mongolia Season: June to July Destination: China Mongolia Tibet Activity: Cultural Expeditions History Tours Archeology/History Duration: 19 days Price: $3925 and above September Yangtze, Tibet and Classic China Tour Season: September to September Destination: China Tibet Tibet Activity: Archeology/History Cultural Expeditions Art History Duration: 21 days Price: $3720 and above September Yangtze, Tibet and Classic China Tour Season: September to September Destination: China Tibet Tibet Activity: Archeology/History Cultural Expeditions Art History Duration: 21 days Price: $4120 and above China with Tibetan Highlights Season: January to December Destination: China Tibet Tibet Activity: Archeology/History Cultural Expeditions Study Tours Duration: 14 days Price: $2390 and above Majestic China Season: March to November Destination: China Tibet Activity: Photography Cultural Expeditions Archeology/History Duration: 10 days Price: $2149 and above Season: May to May Destination: China Tibet Activity:

93. Frontline: Dreams Of Tibet: Understanding Tibetan Buddhism Understanding Tibetan Buddhism. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/tibet/understand/

This is Tricycle magazine's interview with actor and free-Tibet activist Richard Gere in which Gere discusses how he came to practice Buddhism, how it has affected his life, and his relationship with his teacher, the Dalai Lama. Here are three selections from John Powers' lucid and illuminating book, Introduction to Tibetan Buddhism Introduction An overview of Tibetan Buddhism's doctrines, practices, history and the importance of personal transformation involving visualization, ritual and meditation. Death and Dying in Tibetan Buddhism Dying An excerpt explaining Tibetan Buddhism's strong emphasis on instructions about death and dying Bon: A Heterodox System Before Buddhism entered Tibet in the 7th century, the Bon faith was Tibet's native religious tradition. Bon, from which Tibetan Buddhism has borrowed freely, involved a primitive kind of animism. Its practices included animal and human sacrifice, and magical and occult rituals Here is a good summary of the evolution of Buddhism in Tibet, the role of the Dalai Lama and everyday religious practices, beliefs and rituals. From Peter Hopkirk's Trespassers on the Roof of the World-The Race for Lhasa.

94. ELITE Tours And Travel Of NEPAL Provides information on trekking, tour, rafting and jungle safari along with tibet and Bhutan tour packages. http://www.elitenepal.com

ELITE (P.) Ltd. About Us N E P A L Places to See Tour ... Suggested Hotels INCENTIVE Conferences T I B E T Information Tour Packages B H U T A N ... NTB Press Releases Welcome to the Himalayan Destinations - Nepal Tibet Bhutan , all are waiting to quench your thirst with the flavors of real nature culture and adventure through the naked eyes. Tibet , an autonomous region of People's Republic of China since 1950s and closed for nearly 3 decades. Now, China opened Tibet's border to foreign visitors in 1979 however, is being buried under Chinese regulations. Tibet, a land of ancient Buddhist culture, awesome landscape, artistic monasteries and centuries-old caravan trails is a destination out of the ordinary. Nepal , the land of Lord Buddha, where the 8 of the world's 10 tallest peaks including Mt. Everest (8848 m.) "The Top of the World" is located not only distinguished for its high mountains but also for its unique cultural heritage, artistic monuments, exotic wildlife and ever-welcoming people. Bhutan , is regarded as "The Last Paradise on Earth", hidden in the eastern Himalayas between India and China. For centuries, Bhutan remained closed to the foreign travelers but recently opened its doors to the outsiders with the restriction of number of visitors by the Government. in order to preserve the natural assets. As Bhutan is famous for its spectacular mountains, varied flora and fauna, ancient Buddhist monasteries, vibrant culture and mystic aura.

95. Students For A Free Tibet Formed in August 1994 to educate campuses and communities about the situation in tibet, and take positive actions to assist the tibetan people in their struggle for selfdetermination. Includes calendar, links, campaigns, and merchandise. http://www.tibet.org/sft/

var defOn = 'sft'; Contact URGENT ACTION: March 26 International Day Of Action See photos, read updates and add your voice to protest the execution of Lobsang Dhondup! Chapter of the Month Click here to see SFT Norway slide show! Help Tibet Donate Now! var defOn2 = 'sft'; var defOn = defOn2; on(defOn);

96. Tibet Search Includes social and political message boards, email service and links organised by topic. http://www.tibetsearch.com/

Quicklinks: Take Action Urgent Action ATC Dance Party Schedule E-cards Video News Join Us now Member of The Month tenzydolma country: USA age: 19,Single MucH LuV ^.` Contact Announcement ICT-Europe Launches Inaugural Tibetan Youth Leadership Program Xtra Did you find your partner through TibetChat? Book Air Ticket Advertisement Immigration Attorney at Law 401 Broadway, Suite 1210 New York, NY 10013 Tel:(212) 219-2374 URGENT NEWS OF POLITICAL ASYLUM Free Consultation Hundreds of items Thanka Paintings Buddha Statues Miscellaneous New items The Four Harmonious Friends The first Tibetan Film project directed by Tibetan(Pema Dhondup) graduated from USC School of Cinema and TV where some of the best filmmakers of Hollywood have been trained Learn More The Music of Nawang Khechog Nawang Khechog is a Grammy nominee and one of Tibet's formost world music composer and musician WebHosting, Advertisement Dance Party by TWA-Click here Slide Show March,16 Lhapso Video NY Upstate Lhapso NY Tibetan Comics TinTin in Tibet Buddha Kundun AguTenpa Cartoon of the Month Stop Killings in Tibet Submit Your Cartoons World News This webpage uses Javascript to display some content.

97. Tibet Terrier Und Lhasa Apso, Treue Freunde Vom Dach Der Welt Information ¼ber tibet Terrier und Lhasa Apso. Homepage von Z¼chtern und Liebhabern in den neuen Bundesl¤ndern. http://www.tibet-hundefreunde.de/

Tibet Terrier und Lhasa Apso, zwei treue Freunde vom Dach der Welt Besucher seit Schauen Sie doch mal vorbei.

98. Free Tibet Campaign Free tibet Campaign's official site. Campaigning for an end to the Chinese occupation of tibet and for the tibetans' fundamental human rights to be respected. News, events, merchandise, information/advice, contacts. UK based. http://www.freetibet.org/

Death sentence for Rinpoche, other Tibetans implicated Take Action Supporter Appeal Latest News - 8 April 2003 Blair visit to China April 2003 Guide to lobbying your MP Fax your MP Stop the Imprisonment of Tibetan Refugees Nepal Campaign Ngawang Sangdrol arrives in the United States Press Release - 28 March 2003 Merchandise Buy online from the new catalogue Get Involved Become a member of Free Tibet Campaign or make a donation via our secure server Site Index About Us Campaigns ... What You Can Do 1 Rosoman Place London EC1R 0JY United Kingdom tel: 0870 770 0328 (UK national call rate) 020 7833 9958 (London) mail@freetibet.org

99. Introduction To The Five Principal Spiritual Traditions Of Tibet From the Government of tibet in Exile. http://www.tibet.com/Buddhism/budintro.html

Introduction to the Five Principal Spiritual Traditions of Tibet Tradition has it that Tibet is the land of Avalokiteshvara, the Bodhisattva of compassion, and the Tibetan people are his descendants. They trace their ancestry to the copulation of an ape, an emanation of Avalokiteshvara, and an ogress, an emanation of the goddess Tara, whose progeny gave birth to the Tibetan people in the Yarlung valley. Buddhism became Tibet's state religion only later. Introduced for the first time in 173 C.E., during the reign of King Lha Thothori Nyantsen, it was gradually assimilated, disseminated and finally integrated into the Tibetan way of life due initially to the efforts of the religious kings. King Song Tsen Gampo took control of the kingdom at the age of thirteen and built Rasa Trulnang Tsuglag Kbang and Ramoche Tsuglag Khang two temples in Lhasa. He sent his minister Thonmi Sambhota to India to learn Sanskrit and writing, and as a result a Tibetan script was then modelled one of those current in India. He invited Acharya Kumara and Brahmin Shankara from India and the Nepalese Acharya Shilmanju, who began the propagation and translation of the Buddha's teachings. Although there was neither conspicuous nor extensive study of Buddhist doctrine, the king himself gave instructions to many fortunate people, mostly concerning the teachings of the Arya Avalokiteshvara. During the reign of King Trisong Deutsen, Buddhism was spread with great zeal after he had invited the Abbot Shantarakshita and Acharya Padmasambhava to Tibet. The task of translating Buddha's teachings was carried out with great vigour and enthusiasm. It is said that altogether one hundred and eight Indian scholars were engaged with Tibetan translators in the work of translating Buddhist literature into Tibetan. They also took part in establishing monasteries.

100. Himalayan Odyssey Information on tours and trekking with side trips to the Himalayan regions of Bhutan, India and tibet service provider an allied member of the American Society of Travel Agents and the United States Tour Operator Association. http://www.himalayan-odyssey.com/

N amaste! If you are looking for a new experience, excitement and adventure or just an escape for rest and relaxation, we invite you to visit Nepal, the fabled Shangri-La, where we offer you a variety of tour programs catered to your personal preferences. T hough still remote, the Kingdom of Nepal is well known for its natural beauty, serenity and its rich traditions. The only Hindu Kingdom in the world! The majestic Himalayan ranges in the north claim eight out of the ten highest peaks in the world, including Mount Everest. The alpine hills and valleys, with snow fed rivers, the lakes in the central region and the dense tropical forest in the south with its rich variety of wildlife, present a fascinating combination of nature and adventure. Here you can go white water rafting in some of the world's swiftest and most spectacular rivers. You can stare into the mesmerizing eyes of the Royal Bengal Tiger or get a glimpse of the rare snow leopard in Chitwan and Bardia National Parks. T he magnificent woodwork from medieval eras, centered around the cities of Kathmandu, Lalitpur and Bhaktapur. These cities are hosts to endless and colorful rituals of festival, offering a rare glimpse of Nepalese life and legends. We offer you this Shangri-La with all her beauty and excitement.

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z

Page 5     81-100 of 191    Back | 1  | 2  | 3  | 4  | 5  | 6  | 7  | 8  | 9  | 10  | Next 20