1. FRBSF: Economic Letter - The Goals Of U.S. Monetary Policy (01/29/1999) Glossary FAQ EMail us Site Map in economic thought, and these raise the issue of whether to modify the goals for U.S. monetary policy once again. http://www.frbsf.org/econrsrch/wklyltr/wklyltr99/el99-04.html

Home What's New Careers Glossary ... Publications FRBSF Economic Letter 99-04; January 29, 1999 Economic Letter Index The Goals of U.S. Monetary Policy The evolution of the Fed's legislative mandate The debate about the Fed's current mandate References In this Letter , we spell out the evolution of the legislation governing U.S. monetary policy goals and summarize the debate about whether they could be improved. The evolution of the Fed's legislative mandate The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 did not incorporate any macroeconomic goals for monetary policy, but instead required the Fed to "provide an elastic currency." This meant that the Fed should help the economy avoid the financial panics and bank runs that plagued the 19th century by serving as a "lender of last resort," which involved making loans directly to depository institutions through the discount windows of the Reserve Banks. During this early period, most of the actions of monetary policy that affected the macro economy were determined by the U.S. government's adherence to the gold standard. The trauma of the Great Depression, coupled with the insights of Keynes (1936), led to an acknowledgment of the obligation of the federal government to prevent recessions. The Employment Act of 1946 was the first legislative statement of these macroeconomic policy goals. Although it did not specifically mention the Federal Reserve, it required the federal government in general to foster "conditions under which there will be afforded useful employment opportunities ... for those able, willing, and seeking to work, and to promote maximum employment, production, and purchasing power."

2. FRBSF: Economic Letter - U.S. Monetary Policy: An Introduction(01/01/1999) us monetary policy affects all kinds of economic and financial decisions peoplemake in this countrywhether to get a loan to buy a new house or car or to http://www.frbsf.org/econrsrch/wklyltr/wklyltr99/el99-01.html

Home What's New Careers Glossary ... Publications FRBSF Economic Letter 99-01; January 1, 1999 Economic Letter Index U.S. Monetary Policy: An Introduction How Is the Federal Reserve Structured? What Are the Goals of U.S. Monetary Policy? What Are the Tools of Monetary Policy? How Does Monetary Policy Affect the Economy? ... Suggested Reading Special Issue. This Special issue is a reprint of a pamphlet prepared by the Economic Research Department of the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco as part of our economics education program. U.S. monetary policy affects all kinds of economic and financial decisions people make in this countrywhether to get a loan to buy a new house or car or to start up a company, whether to expand a business by investing in a new plant or equipment, and whether to put savings in a bank, in bonds, or in the stock market, for example. Furthermore, because the U.S. is the largest economy in the world, its monetary policy also has significant economic and financial effects on other countries. The object of monetary policy is to influence the performance of the economy, as reflected in such factors as inflation, economic output, and employment. It works by affecting demand across the economythat is, the population's willingness to spend on goods and services.

3. Federal Reserve Board: Monetary Policy monetary policy Report to the Congress. Semiannual review by the Board. Beige Book. Informal survey by the Federal Reserve Banks of current economic Accessibility Contact us. Last http://www.federalreserve.gov/policy.htm

Skip to content Home About the Fed News and Events ... Career Opportunities Monetary Policy Monetary policy is made by the Federal Open Market Committee, which consists of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and the Reserve Bank presidents. Policymaking Federal Open Market Committee Policy tools Open market operations The discount rate Reserve requirements Reports Monetary Policy Report to the Congress Semiannual review by the Board Beige Book Informal survey by the Federal Reserve Banks of current economic conditions in their Districts FOIA FAQs Search Site Map ... Contact Us Last update: January 15, 2003

4. National Bureau Of Economic Research A private, nonprofit, nonpartisan research organization dedicated to promoting a greater understanding Category Society Issues economic...... Evidence from the us and the UK Milligan and Inequality; New Drugs Health and economicImpacts; for Inflation Targeting, and Eurosystem monetarypolicy Strategy. http://www.nber.org/

Jump to the Navigation Bar Login to customize this site Fairness Versus Welfare: Notes on the Pareto Principle, Preferences, and Distributive J... Kaplow, Shavell Productivity Effects of TVE Privatization: The Case Study of Garment and Metal Casting ... Sonobe, Otsuka Bank Supervision and Corporate Finance Beck, Demirguc-Kunt, Levine Is Business Cycle Volatility Costly? Evidence from Surveys of Subjective Wellbeing Wolfers (More new papers...) New NBER Books Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 3 , ed. Jaffe, Lerner, Stern The Economics of School Choice , ed. Hoxby Scanner Data and Price Indexes , ed. Feenstra and Shapiro Economic and Financial Crises in Emerging Market Economies , ed. Feldstein (Recent books...) (Forthcoming books...) Government data releases via email Register to be notified via email when data you care about is released. Choose as few or as many notices as you want. This is a free service, but requires registration (free). Our list of current releases From the NBER Digest April 2003 Eating Your Way to Higher Test Scores "School districts that increased calories on test days experienced increases in 5 th grade pass rates of 11, 6, and 6 percent respectively on the mathematics, English, and history/social studies tests."

5. U.S. Economic And Monetary Policy us economic and monetary policy February 11, 2003. Chairman Greenspantestifies. The Senate Banking Committee convened a hearing http://dodd.senate.gov/events/03/0211.htm

U.S. Economic and Monetary Policy February 11, 2003 Chairman Greenspan testifies. The Senate Banking Committee convened a hearing at which the Federal Reserve Board released its semi-annual Monetary Policy Report. Senator Dodd and other committee members heard testimony from Federal Reserve Board Chairman Alan Greenspan regarding the state of the nation's economy. Senator Dodd joins committee chairman Senator Richard Shelby and ranking member Senator Paul Sarbanes at the hearing. Return to Events Return to Main Page

6. Federal Reserve Bank Of Minneapolis - About The Fed - United States Monetary Pol Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis gives information on the reasons for and objectives of monetary policy, and organizations responsible for it. What is monetary policy? monetary policy is a central promote national economic goals. monetary policy, via Board of Governors. monetary policy is made by the http://woodrow.mpls.frb.fed.us/info/policy

I'm at: Home About the Fed Federal Reserve About the Fed Expand All Collapse All Minneapolis Fed Functions ... Building Helena Branch Careers About Careers Job Search Federal Reserve System ... FAQ Fed Sites United States Monetary Policy What is Monetary Policy? Monetary policy is a central bank's actions to influence the availability and cost of money and credit, as a means of helping to promote national economic goals. Monetary Policy , via Board of Governors Monetary policy is made by the Federal Open Market Committee, which consists of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and the Reserve Bank presidents. U.S. Monetary Policy: An Introduction , via FRB San Francisco Monetary Policy and the Economy , via the Board of Governors Comparative Central Banking and the Politics of Monetary Policy , remarks by Governor Laurence H. Meyer, May 21, 2001 Technology, Macroeconomics, and Monetary Policy remarks by Federal Reserve Vice Chairman Roger W. Ferguson, Jr., December 6, 2000 Challenges for Monetary Policymakers , remarks by Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan, October 19, 2000 The Politics of Monetary Policy: Balancing Independence and Accountability , remarks by Governor Laurence H. Meyer

7. Federal Reserve Bank Of Minneapolis - About The Fed - United States Monetary Pol of helping to promote national economic goals policy, via Board of Governors monetarypolicy is made us monetary policy An Introduction, via FRB San Francisco; http://minneapolisfed.org/info/policy/

I'm at: Home About the Fed Federal Reserve About the Fed Expand All Collapse All Minneapolis Fed Functions ... Building Helena Branch Careers About Careers Job Search Federal Reserve System ... FAQ Fed Sites United States Monetary Policy What is Monetary Policy? Monetary policy is a central bank's actions to influence the availability and cost of money and credit, as a means of helping to promote national economic goals. Monetary Policy , via Board of Governors Monetary policy is made by the Federal Open Market Committee, which consists of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and the Reserve Bank presidents. U.S. Monetary Policy: An Introduction , via FRB San Francisco Monetary Policy and the Economy , via the Board of Governors Comparative Central Banking and the Politics of Monetary Policy , remarks by Governor Laurence H. Meyer, May 21, 2001 Technology, Macroeconomics, and Monetary Policy remarks by Federal Reserve Vice Chairman Roger W. Ferguson, Jr., December 6, 2000 Challenges for Monetary Policymakers , remarks by Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan, October 19, 2000 The Politics of Monetary Policy: Balancing Independence and Accountability , remarks by Governor Laurence H. Meyer

8. ELibrary.com - New England Economic Review 01-01-2001 Pp 33, 'US eLibrary is the subscription based online library for fun or research. Find out more about securing your guaranteed Free 7day trial with your credit card and retrieve 'eLibrary.com - New England economic Review 01-01-2001 pp 33, 'us monetary policy http://redirect-west.inktomi.com/click?u=http://ask.elibrary.com/getdoc.asp%3Fpu

9. Monetary And Fiscal Policy, Economic-Indicators.com monetary institutions and the monetary base; Federal of the President National EconomicCouncil Office us Congress Congressional Budget Office Budget Review http://www.economic-indicators.com/Policy.html

The Author's Page for The Handbook of Key Economic Indicators: Economic-Indicators.Com MONETARY POLICY AND FISCAL POLICY LINKS, U.S. Return to Site Map MONETARY POLICY (Direct links to Federal Reserve Board and Fed Bank sites below) "Beige Book" Federal Reserve Board of Governors Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) Minutes Federal Open Market Committee, Members, Calendar and Other General Info Federal Reserve Board Press Releases, FOMC Announcements Under "General" Category ... Reserves, aggregate, of monetary institutions and the monetary base; Federal Reserve Board of Governors, H.3 FISCAL POLICY Treasury, U.S. Treasury, U.S., Financial Management Service Financial Condition of the Federal Government: An Index of Publications and Resources Daily Treasury Statement ... Budget of the United States Government U.S. Congress: Congressional Budget Office: Budget Review, Budget Projections, Economic Outlook Joint Economic Committee U.S. House Ways and Means Committee U.S. House Committee on the Budget FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM Federal Reserve Board of Governors Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta Federal Reserve Bank of Boston Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago ... Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

10. FAIRMODEL Site Offers researchers a collection of macroeconomic analysis resources. Includes historical datasets, and includes us and international models U.S. macroeconometric model (us model) or a multicountry the Effectiveness of monetary policy" monetary policy. "Optimal Control Clinton and Dole economic Plans"- Clinton/Dole Plans http://fairmodel.econ.yale.edu/

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11. New England Economic Review: U.S. Monetary Policy In An Integrating World: 1960 developments on the practice of us monetary policy, broadly defined to at the fortyfiftheconomic conference of the increased openness of the us economy, and http://www.bos.frb.org/economic/neer/neer2001/neer301c.htm

New England Economic Review Main Page Also in This Issue U.S. Monetary Policy in an Integrating World: 1960 to 2000 Richard N. Cooper and Jane Sneddon Little This article examines the impact of global developments on the practice of U.S. monetary policy, broadly defined to include regulatory and lender-of-last-resort functions as well as open market, discount, and intervention activity, over the past forty years. It is part of a paper presented at the forty-fifth economic conference of the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston. The authors briefly review a few familiar facts establishing the increased openness of the U.S. economy, and go on to explore episodes when external events beyond those included in the domestic outlook—events like significant exchange rate shifts—appear to have influenced monetary policy decisions. They find that the view that U.S. monetary policy is mostly or even entirely domestically oriented is largely incorrect, in at least three different respects. Greater engagement with the rest of the world in both trade and financial transactions has led the U.S. economy to be more directly affected by overseas developments than it was three or four decades ago. Moreover, a perusal of FOMC records reveals extensive references to international developments in discussions of the future direction of monetary policy. And third, external competitive pressures have facilitated substantial changes in the structure of the U.S. financial system. This interplay between financial innovation and regulatory change has in turn affected how monetary policy works.

12. FRBB: National Economic Conditions & Monetary Policy Conditions monetary policy National data summary Updated weekly, this report providesdata for selected categories of us economic activity, including labor http://www.bos.frb.org/economic/national/

National data summary Updated weekly, this report provides data for selected categories of U.S. economic activity, including labor markets, wages and prices, consumers, businesses, international, and gross domestic product. New England Economic Review Produced four to six times per year, this scholarly journal examines regional, national, and international economic and public policy issues, as researched by the Bank's economists and others. Beige Book Published eight times per year, the Beige Book summarizes anecdotal information on current economic conditions in each Federal Reserve District gathered through reports from Bank directors and interviews with key business contacts, economists, market experts, and other sources. Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) Meeting dates, press releases, meeting minutes, and meeting transcripts are available for this Federal Reserve System entity responsible for conducting monetary policy with the aim of fostering long-run price stability and sustainable economic growth. Speeches of Boston Fed President About the Fed Banking Information Community Development ... Top of Page Last modified on 17 January 2003 12:07:22 PM

13. Has Monetary Policy Become More Effective? provides evidence of important changes in the us economic environment over we investigatethe implications for the evolution of monetary policy effectiveness. http://papers.nber.org/papers/W9459

Jump to the Navigation Bar Has Monetary Policy Become More Effective? Jean Boivin Marc P. Giannoni NBER Working Paper No. w9459 Issued in January 2003 Abstract - You may purchase this paper on-line in .pdf format from SSRN.com ($5) for electronic delivery. Information for subscribers and others expecting no-cost downloads If you normally receive free downloads but are having trouble with the new system, please contact us Publications Programs Data ... People Publications: New This Week Working Papers Books Books in Progress ... Paid Subscriptions Programs: Program descriptions and members Selected Projects: Conference on Research in Income and Wealth Call for Papers Data: NBER Collection Business Cycle Dates Latest Business Cycle Memo New Economic Releases Selected Sources Economic Organizations US Government Agencies Other Data Collections Economic Report of the President ... Congressional Budget Office About What we are Contact us Non-data Links Search ... Early History (.pdf) People: Staff Researchers Board Contact Us Search via Google: Login or change your login

14. Boom-Busts In Asset Prices, Economic Instability, And Monetary Policy on two famous asset price reversals the us stock market the case for a preemptivemonetary policy in the is warranted depends on the economic conditions in a http://papers.nber.org/papers/W8966

Jump to the Navigation Bar Boom-Busts in Asset Prices, Economic Instability, and Monetary Policy Michael D. Bordo Olivier Jeanne NBER Working Paper No. w8966 Issued in May 2002 Abstract - The link between monetary policy and asset price movements has been of perennial interest to policy makers. In this paper we consider the potential case for pre-emptive monetary restrictions when asset price reversals can have serious effects on real output. First, we provide some historical background on two famous asset price reversals: the U.S. stock market crash of 1929 and the bursting of the Japanese bubble in 1989. We then present some stylized facts on boom-bust dynamics in stock and property prices in developed economies. We then discuss the case for a pre-emptive monetary policy in the context of a stylized 'Dynamic New Keynesian' framework with collateral constraints in the productive sector. We find that whether such a policy is warranted depends on the economic conditions in a complex, non-linear way. The optimal policy cannot be summarized by a simple policy rule of the type considered in the inflation-targeting literature. You may purchase this paper on-line in .pdf format from SSRN.com ($5) for electronic delivery.

15. In Brief-economic Capsules: Monetary Policy And U.S. External Balances capsules monetary policy and us external balances. In briefeconomiccapsules monetary policy and us external balances. Bruce Kasman. http://netec.mcc.ac.uk/BibEc/data/Articles/fipfednqry:1989:i:wint:p:62-68:n:v.14

mirrored in Providing the latest research results since 1993 Search tips: title=fiscal or author=levine Working Papers Series Journals Authors JEL Classification ... Quarterly Review >> In brief-economic capsules: monetary policy and U.S. external balances In brief-economic capsules: monetary policy and U.S. external balances Bruce Kasman Quarterly Review (Wint)62-68 (RePEc:fip:fednqr:y:1989:i:wint:p:62-68:n:v.14no.4) Creation: 1989 Keywords: Monetary policy ; Balance of trade Pages: 62-68 Issue: Wint go top Information for authors: Are you an author of this paper? Please take the time and register at our new service. Read all about it at: http://netec.mcc.ac.uk/HoPEc/geminiabout.html . Note you do not need to register in order to use the search service!! To get a printed copy of this paper, please send an email to pipubs@ny.frb.org Access statistics BibEc is a RePEc service managed by Jose Manuel Barrueco and Thomas Krichel contact us Last updated: 2003-04-09 19:17:16

16. Monetary Policy And The Economic Outlook: Testimony Before The Joint Economic Co monetary policy and the economic outlook testimony before the Jointeconomic Committee, us Congress, April 17, 2002. Alan Greenspan. http://netec.mcc.ac.uk/WoPEc/data/Articles/fipfedgwsy:2002:x:6.html

mirrored in Providing the latest research results since 1993 Search tips: title=fiscal or author=levine Working Papers Series Journals Authors JEL Classification ... Web Site >> Monetary policy and the economic outlook: testimony before the Joint Economic Committee, U.S. Congress, April 17, 2002 Monetary policy and the economic outlook: testimony before the Joint Economic Committee, U.S. Congress, April 17, 2002 Alan Greenspan Web Site (RePEc:fip:fedgws:y:2002:x:6) Creation: 2002 Keywords: Monetary policy - United States ; Economic conditions - United States go top Information for authors: Are you an author of this paper? Please take the time and register at our new service. Read all about it at: http://netec.mcc.ac.uk/HoPEc/geminiabout.html . Note you do not need to register in order to use the search service!! Download (Main Text) Access statistics WoPEc is a RePEc service managed by Jose Manuel Barrueco and Thomas Krichel contact us Last updated: 2003-04-09 05:24:38

17. EUR-Lex - Legislation - In Force - - Analytical Register - Economic And Monetary Contact us. How to order. Buy the OJ on CDROM. Home » Legislation » in force »Analytical register - economic and monetary policy and free movement of capital. http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex/en/lif/ind/en_analytical_index_10.html

print version Official Journal Treaties Legislation Legislation in preparation Case-law Parliamentary questions Documents of public interest Search Quick All Links CELEX CURIA OEIL PreLex ... TED About EU law Process and players ABC Glossary Information About this site Site map Help FAQ ... in force Analytical register - Economic and monetary policy and free movement of capital Analytical register - Economic and monetary policy and free movement of capital Economic and monetary policy and free movement of capital General Monetary policy Institutional monetary provisions ... Free movement of capital IMPORTANT LEGAL NOTICE : The information on this site is subject to a and a notice. Last updated on: 3/3/2003 Managed by the Publications Office

18. EUR-Lex - Legislation - In Force - - Analytical Register - Economic And Monetary FAQ. Contact us. How to order. Buy the OJ on CDROM. Home » Legislation » in force» Analytical register » economic and monetary policy and free movement of http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex/en/lif/reg/en_register_10.html

print version Official Journal Treaties Legislation Legislation in preparation Case-law Parliamentary questions Documents of public interest Search Quick All Links CELEX CURIA OEIL PreLex ... TED About EU law Process and players ABC Glossary Information About this site Site map Help FAQ ... Analytical register Economic and monetary policy and free movement of capital 10 - Economic and monetary policy and free movement of capital 10 - Economic and monetary policy and free movement of capital No entries IMPORTANT LEGAL NOTICE : The information on this site is subject to a and a notice. Last updated on: 3/3/2003 Managed by the Publications Office

19. Almanac Of Policy Issues: Economic Issues Background information and links on us economic policy.Category Society Issues economic...... economic policy has many components, including fiscal policy (government spendingand taxes), monetary policy (determining the size of the money supply), and http://www.policyalmanac.org/economic/index.shtml

Almanac of Policy Issues Home Search Archive Economic Issues Economic policy often drives other forms of policy. A nation's economic strength often dictates how much it can afford to spend on public needs like health care, transportation, science, or education. It can also affect a nation's ability to afford new regulatory policies targeting things like the environment or safety in the workplace. More fundamentally, economic policy often drives elections, and elections affect issues across the policy spectrum. As a wag once noted when prioritizing the most important issues in a presidential campaign, "it's the economy, stupid." Economic policy has many components, including fiscal policy (government spending and taxes), monetary policy (determining the size of the money supply), and regulatory policy in all its forms, including regulation of business, labor relations, consumer protection, and rules of international trade. In fact, most matters of public policy, even those that are not primarily economic in nature, have some impact on the economy. Search the Almanac Directory Almanac Home General Economic Issues Links Antitrust Law Budgets and Taxes ... Rent Control Directories Idea Central: Economic Policy LookSmart: Economic Policy Open Directory Project: Economic Issues News AP Business News (Yahoo) Atlantic Monthly: Economy Articles Business Week Fortune Magazine ... Full Coverage: U.S. Economy (Yahoo)

20. Policy Rule Links monetary Targeting Lessons from us Data, (June A ForwardLooking monetary PolicyReaction Function, (Spring 1999) Yash Mehra; economic Quarterly, Federal http://www.stanford.edu/~johntayl/PolRulLink.htm

MONETARY POLICY RULE HOME PAGE Links to people's research, writings, and official speeches on monetary policy rules divided into six categories: Technical articles Central bank and international financial institution publications Speeches and remarks by ... News articles Technical articles UK Monetary Policy 1972-97: a guide using Taylor Rules (July 2000) Edward Nelson, Bank of England Optimal Horizons in Inflation Targeting (July 2000) Nicoletta Batini and Edward Nelson, Bank of England Is the Taylor Rule the same as the Friedman Rule? (June 2000) Laurian Lungu, Patrick Minford, and Naveen Srinivasan Learning About a Shift in Trend Output: Implications for Monetary Policy and Inflation (June 2000) Kevin J. Lansing, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco Monetary Policy with Changing Financial and Labor-Market Fundamentals , (May 2000) Robert Hall Testing for the Lucas Critique: A Quantitative Investigation , (May 2000) Jesper Linde The Performance of Simple Monetary Policy Rules in a Large Open Economy , (May 2000) Akila Weerapana Activist Stabilization Policy and Inflation: The Taylor Rule in the 1970s , (February 2000) Athanasios Orphanides, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System Estimating a Taylor type monetary policy reaction function for the case of a small developing economy , (February 2000) Jose R. Sanchez-Jung

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