Image Bank slide series 3709-3740,4334,4340 Northwest Coast Indian Art The land occupied by the American Northwest Coast Indians is a stretch of coastland bordered by the Yakutat Bay to the north in southeast Alaska and, arguably,1 the Lower Columbia River in northwest Oregon. The eastern border is the Coast Range of British Columbia and the Cascades of Washington state, and the western border is of course the Pacific Ocean. There have been six major linguistic groups or cultures in this area, as of the nineteenth century.2 From north to south, they are the Tlingit, the Haida in the Queen Charlotte Islands, the Tsimshian, the Bella Bella, Bella Coola and Kwakiutl, and then the Westcoast and Coast Salish. The religion of the Northwest Coast Indians involves elaborate art and ceremony closely tied to their complex hierarchial social structure (Wardwell, p. 13).3 All slides in this sequence were photographed out of the context of their use. The masks, in particular, were made to be worn during rituals, with costumes and headgear associated with the entity being represented. Motion and dance steps, as well as sounds and surroundings, animated what we see as mere artifacts, making spirits appear. These spirits were not regarded as deities, but rather as manifestations of the forces of nature. Before the coming of man, they were thought to have inhabited the world (Wardwell, p. 16). | |
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