81. News Release: VA On Schedule To Meet Year 2000 Computer Requirements FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE. August 26, 1998. VA on Schedule to Meet Year2000 Computer Requirements. Washington, DC The Department of http://www.va.gov/pressrel/0898y2k.htm

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE August 26, 1998 VA on Schedule to Meet Year 2000 Computer Requirements Washington, D.C. The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) has reported to the Office of Management and Budget that it is on schedule to implement renovated applications to meet Year 2000 computer requirements by early spring. "I'm proud we continue to make such great progress toward our goal," said Harold Gracey, acting assistant secretary of VA's new Office of Information and Technology. "Veterans can rest assured that VA will provide timely benefits payments and high quality health care without interruption as we pass into the new millennium." VA has renovated 94 percent of more than 300 applications supporting 11 mission critical system areas reflecting VA business functions, including compensation and pension, loan guaranty, insurance, and medical computer and corporate administration systems. The department also has validated 84 percent and implemented into production 61 percent of the applications. Renovation, which concerns the modification, replacement or elimination of an application to make it Year 2000 compliant, is the second of a simultaneous four-phase program VA has undertaken to resolve Year 2000 problems. The renovation phase is scheduled for completion in September. The department completed the first assessment phase in January. The third phase validation of new or changed code for date handling and functionality is scheduled for completion in January 1999. The fourth phase implementation of applications into production is scheduled for completion by March 1999.

82. CIA Nations Not Ready For Y2K Many countries appear ill prepared for the disruption to basic services that the year 2000 computer glitch may cause, the head of the Central Intelligence Agency office studying the issue said today. News.com http://www.news.com/News/Item/0,4,21806,00.html?st.ne.fd.mdh

83. The Countdown: Preventing A Year 2000 Computer Catastrophe The Countdown Preventing A year 2000 computer Castrophe. September9, 1998. The Marks and Spencer department store in London, England http://breaux.senate.gov/columns/y2k909.html

The Countdown: Preventing A Year 2000 Computer Castrophe September 9, 1998 The Marks and Spencer department store in London, England recently destroyed tons of food during their long term forecast process. Company computers read 2002 as 1902. Instead of four more years of shelf life, computers calculated that the food was ninety-six years old and ordered it thrown out. The mistake was a result of what is commonly known as the Year 2000 problem or "Y2K." Y2K occurs when computers using a two-digit dating method assumes 1 and 9 are the first two digits of the year and can not read years beyond 1999. Without changes, these systems will recognize "00" as the year 1900, not 2000 and cause computers to shut down or malfunction. The computer is an essential tool in our daily lives, the consequences of Y2K are costly and deadly. From traffic lights, power plants and 911 systems to paychecks, fuel pumps and medicine dispensers, nowadays almost every basic convenience of daily life is regulated by computers and susceptible to this problem. In addition to inconvenience, liability litigation may also prove a problem with costs estimated at $1 trillion. It is vital that we correct Y2K before time runs out. But solving the dilemma will not be easy. The problem is complicated because of interconnected layers of computer networks. This means organizations large and small, public and private, must work together.

84. Fed Agencies Not Making Y2K Grade | CNET News.com Several federal agencies are in danger of missing a deadline to fix year 2000 computer system problems, which will cost millions of dollars more to fix than originally thought, according to a report issued this week by the federal Office of Management and Budget. News.com http://www.news.com/News/Item/0,4,20206,00.html?st.ne.fd.mdh

85. 98403. DoD Focusing On Year 2000 Computer Fixes 98403. DoD Focusing on year 2000 computer Fixes. By Jim Garamone AmericanForces Press Service WASHINGTON Jan. 1, 2000, is a deadline http://www.dtic.mil/afps/news/9806302.html

86. [LawSource] INFO/NYT: Europe And The Year 2000 Computer Glitch LawSource INFO/NYT Europe and the year 2000 computer Glitch. LawSource INFO/NYTEurope and the year 2000 computer Glitch, David P. Dillard (07/23/99). http://legalminds.lp.findlaw.com/list/lawsrc-l/msg01507.html

[LawSource] INFO/NYT: Europe and the Year 2000 Computer Glitch To LawSource@onelist.com From jwne@astro.ocis.temple.edu Date Fri, 23 Jul 1999 06:52:22 -0400 (EDT) Mailing-List list LawSource@onelist.com; contact LawSource-owner@onelist.com Reply-to LawSource@onelist.com http://www.ecarm.org Full Story May Be Read At: http://www.nytimes.com/library/tech/99/07/biztech/articles/23year.html - ONElist Sponsor ONElist now has T-SHIRTS! http://www.onelist.com Check out homepage for details. L a w S o u r c e ========= SUBSCRIBE: lawsource-subscribe@onelist.com UNSUBSCRIBE: lawsource-unsubscribe@onelist.com POST TO LIST: LawSource@onelist.com MANAGE SUBSCRIPTION (Digest, Vacation) http://onelist.com ARCHIVES: http://onelist.com/viewarchive.cgi?listname=LawSource WEB SITE: http://www.rwneill.com/lawsrc.htm LawSource Group Long Distance Plan- Why Pay 25% More? Sign up for our group long distance plan for your office or home. Rates are only 7.5 cents per minutes, 24 hours a day with no monthly fees. Sign up at http://www.rwneill.com/longdistance/

87. THE IRANIAN: Features, Year 2000 Computer Problem, Ali Parandeh An article in 'the Iranian' online magazine. Has some links to Iranian Y2K consultants.Category Regional Middle East Business and Economy Internet Y2K...... two digit number, the problem will reoccur when we reach the Iranian year 1400 probablygoing to make you believe that you have to change entire computer units http://www.iranian.com/Features/1999/August/Y2K/

email us Technology Write for The Iranian Running out of time Iran's potential Y2K problems By Ali Parandeh August 3, 1999 The Iranian The Y2K bug in Iran is no different than in other countries, except that it has an extra twist. All existing technology and equipment in Iran have been purchased from abroad, and all are built and programmed with a Gregorian calendar. In some cases a software has been written for converting the dates into the solar calendar, causing additional concerns. Iran's Y2K problem is primarily in three forms: 1. Hardware 2. Software 3. Embedded systems Iran has only started using personal computers on a relatively wide scale in the past decade, therefore the problem is not as serious as in North America or Europe. But in most cases the computers employed in Iran are equipped with the 486 chip or below. While the hardware may be fixed easily, the embedded systems and the software present the biggest problems. The use of embedded systems are limited to a few certain areas and the industry. Industries with automated as opposed to mechanical control systems are probably most at risk and likely to face a problem. Although only a small number of such cases are known to exist, it could still have a severe effect on production. The use of embedded systems in the petrochemical industry is very widespread and while work is being carried out on these systems, if not fixed on time, it could have the heaviest impact on Iran's industry.

88. SMALL BUSINESS TAX RELIEF FOR YEAR 2000 COMPUTER COMPLIANCE EXTENDED TO OCT. 31, SMALL BUSINESS TAX RELIEF FOR year 2000 computer COMPLIANCE EXTENDED TO OCT. SMALLBUSINESS TAX RELIEF FOR year 2000 computer COMPLIANCE EXTENDED TO OCT. http://www.gov.on.ca/FIN/english/media/1999/fcesmy2k.htm

Fact Sheet Fiche d'information Ministry of Finance Queen's Park Toronto ON M7A 1Y7 Queen's Park Toronto ON M7A 1Y7 July 2, 1999 SMALL BUSINESS TAX RELIEF FOR YEAR 2000 COMPUTER COMPLIANCE EXTENDED TO OCT. 31, 1999 The deadline for tax relief for small and medium-sized businesses addressing the year 2000 computer compliance problem will be extended from June 30, 1999, to October 31, 1999. To replace systems that are not year 2000 compliant, small and medium-sized business will be allowed Accelerated Capital Cost Allowance (CCA) deductions for Ontario corporate income tax purposes of up to $50,000 for eligible computer hardware and software acquired between January 1, 1998 and October 31, 1999. When combined with existing deductions, these accelerated deductions allow these firms to deduct 100 per cent of the eligible expenditures in the year in which they occur, instead of deducting them as capital expenditures over a period of years. For eligible computer hardware and systems software, the accelerated deduction is 85 per cent of the cost. When combined with the existing 15 per cent deduction, a 100 per cent deduction of the cost of eligible expenditures is allowed in the year of acquisition.

89. Year 2000 Computer Issues year 2000 computer Issues. YMARK 2000 software. YMARK 2000 tests thepersonal computer’s ability to support the year 2000. Separate http://www.mo-river.net/business/2k_issues.htm

Year 2000 Computer Issues YMARK 2000 individuals) The Year 2000 Information Center Money.com Y2000 Federal Y2K Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) Product Database FEDSIM - Year 2000 Century Date Change Services ... mo-river.net is provided by Unlimited Data Systems as a public service.

90. United Methodist Agencies Swat At Year 2000 Computer Bug United Methodist agencies swat at year 2000 computer bug. Producedby United Methodist News Service, official news agency of the http://umns.umc.org/98/aug/496.htm

United Methodist agencies swat at Year 2000 computer bug Produced by United Methodist News Service, official news agency of the United Methodist Church, with offices in Nashville, Tenn., New York, and Washington. Related Links Printer-friendly Version Back to Headlines Aug. 24, 1998 Contact: Tim Tanton Nashville, Tenn. By Tim Tanton* A bug is on the way that has everyone fidgeting and reaching for whatever repellant they can find. It's called the Year 2000 computer bug, and depending on whether you're an optimist or a pessimist, this technical glitch may cause minor problems when the new millenium dawns, or it will signal the end of orderly society as we know it. While everyone from corporate chief executives to home-computer users are trying to stave off the worst, key agencies of the United Methodist Church are quietly working to ensure that their systems remain intact when Jan. 1, 2000, rolls around. "We're in a very good position so nothing calamitous would happen in terms of shutting down the Cokesbury operation or the Abingdon operation," said Louis Jordan, vice president of information technology at the United Methodist Publishing House in Nashville, Tenn. Cokesbury is the agency's retail store chain, and Abingdon is the book publishing arm. The anxiety over the Year 2000 bug is related to how computers around the world mark time. Many of them are not programmed to handle century changes, so Jan. 1, 2000, will register only as 00. Unprepared systems will interpret that as 1900. In any case, widespread crashes and other problems could result. Computers and chips are so ubiquitous that everything from utility stations and traffic lights to hospitals and stock markets could experience problems.

91. Group Unplug Nuclear Plants Not Y2K-ready An environmental group yesterday submitted a petition to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission asking that nuclear power plants be shut down if they cannot prove themselves free of year 2000 computer bugs. News.com http://www.news.com/News/Item/0,4,29802,00.html?st.ne.fd.mdh

92. YEAR 2000 COMPUTER FIX IS VITAL TO SECURITY The Y2K problem results from the inability of computer systems at the year 2000to interpret the century correctly from a recorded or calculated date having http://www.fas.org/irp/congress/1998_hr/98060401_ppo.html

1998 Congressional Hearings Intelligence and Security Statement Before The Senate Armed Services Committee Information Systems: Deputy Secretary of Defense John J. Hamre Thursday, June 4, 1998 "The greatest threat to America today is not Iraq, Iran, North Korea, terrorism, or weapons of mass destruction. It is the potential that we will become too complacent during this time of peace." General Henry Shelton, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Thank you Mr. Chairman and members of the Committee. I am honored to be here. I am pleased to have the opportunity to provide the Department of Defense perspective on the threats and challenges confronting our information systems in the future. Today I would like to speak to you about three issues that are very important to our ability to achieve and sustain information superiority for our armed forces: the so-called "Y2K" problem, information assurance and the potential sale of segments of the frequency spectrum. RELIANCE ON INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Worldwide, an estimated 15 billion microchips - most of which contain timing devices are embedded in appliances and machines ranging from clock radios to ATMs. A new automobile today rolls onto the highway with at least 100 microchips. Microchips are embedded in thermostats, leak detectors, underground storage tank monitors, boilers, lighting systems, generators, elevators, alarms, smoke detectors, sprinklers, sewage systems, security systems and automatic locks, and all of the common office equipment, including the coffee maker.

93. RESOUR> [edresource] INFO/NYT: Europe And The Year 2000 Computer Glitch RESOUR edresource INFO/NYT Europe and the year 2000 computer Glitch. July 23,1999 Europe Rides Bumpy Computer Road to Year 2000 By EDMUND L. ANDREWS. http://scout.wisc.edu/addserv/NH/99-07/99-07-23/0018.html

From: David P. Dillard [ mailto:jwne@astro.ocis.temple.edu Sent: Friday, July 23, 1999 5:53 AM To: Education Resource Listservs Subject: [edresource] INFO/NYT: Europe and the Year 2000 Computer Glitch Date: Fri, 23 Jul 1999 06:50:55 -0400 (EDT) Subject: INFO/NYT: Europe and the Year 2000 Computer Glitch The New York Times article for which there is an excerpt and link below describes the current and developing situation in Europe in regards to the Y2K computer issue. Sincerely, David Dillard Temple University jwne@astro.temple.edu Source: New York Times (NYT) Author: EDMUND L. ANDREWS Title: Europe Rides Bumpy Computer Road to Year 2000 Source Date: July 23, 1999 Resource Type: News Article Description/Keywords: Europe, Y2K, Computer Compliance, Difficulties URL: Listed Below Article Summary July 23, 1999 Europe Rides Bumpy Computer Road to Year 2000 By EDMUND L. ANDREWS HANOVER, Germany Perhaps fittingly, Germany's first real scare about Year 2000 computer crashes came on a Friday the 13th. It was March 1998, and most people here were greeting warnings about Year 2000 failures with a lack of interest. It seemed like a trivial problem, a matter of making sure that computer clocks would not misread the year 2000 as 1900.

94. Y2K Bug Could Bite Navy U.S. Navy operations worldwide could be severely disrupted by any failure to fix the year 2000 computer bug in critical systems, the audit and investigations arm of Congress said. News.com http://www.news.com/News/Item/0,4,23820,00.html?st.ne.fd.mdh

95. United States - The Politics Of Year 2000 Computer Glitches The Politics of year 2000 computer Glitches. James Skip Thurman, Staff writerof The Christian Science Monitor Send email to thurmans@csps.com. http://www.csmonitor.com/durable/1998/03/04/us/us.1.html

Wednesday March 4, 1998 Edition The Politics of Year 2000 Computer Glitches James Skip Thurman, Staff writer of The Christian Science Monitor Send e-mail to: thurmans@csps.com WASHINGTON Gathered at the long table in the Cabinet room of the West wing, the president's Cabinet recently listened to Vice President Al Gore - "the techno-nerd," as some at the gathering have described him - drone on about a technical glitch that will hit most computers in the year 2000. As with other Gore crusades - sober warnings of future problems, like global warming - those in the room were not spellbound by the presentation. Until he brought it home. Americans, he said, will hold the White House accountable. Looking around the table, Mr. Gore warned that "one of you" will likely get singled out as personally responsible for the administration's failure to get on top of this problem. 2000 WATCH: Some experts are concerned that computerized trading systems, like those at the New York Stock Exchange, may run into the Year 2000 problem, thus slowing the economy. Already, some bank computers have run into such glitches. (RAY STUBBLEBINE/AP) As the snafu known to programmers as Y2K nears, the White House is increasingly concerned about the political as well as economic fallout it says is inevitable, and it is intensifying its proactive efforts to minimize the problem.

96. Bill Would Curb Year 2000 Suits | CNET News.com A California bill that would limit lawsuits over the year 2000 computer bug in that state begins the first leg of its legislative journey next week. News.com http://www.news.com/News/Item/0,4,21217,00.html?st.ne.fd.mdh

97. Untitled Document 102 nominated for staff awards. UW advances on year 2000 computer plan.Faculty Lecture nominees sought. UW advances on year 2000 computer plan. http://depts.washington.edu/uweek/archives/1998.03.MAR_05/_article3.html

International TAs studied, policy changes made 102 nominated for staff awards UW advances on year 2000 computer plan Faculty Lecture nominees sought Nanotechnology Center brings Chu and Frankel to campus When men batter women: New insights from UW professors Huckabay fellows will demonstrate projects Thursday UW advances on year 2000 computer plan "Substantial progress" has been made in complying with four recommendations concerning the University's plan to make its computer systems year 2000 compatible, the UW internal auditor told the Board of Regents at its February meeting. The recommendations were outlined in a December 1997 report by the UW Internal Audit Department, which had reviewed the University's overall plan. The progress made on those recommendations is "keeping the University year 2000 project on track," said G. Max Whisler, UW director of audits. http://www.washington.edu/tech_home/2000/ . The site has various links designed to save people research work and to provide basic tools to deal with the situation, Whisler said. The year 2000 issue results from the past computer programming practice of storing the year field as two digits instead of four. If the problem is left uncorrected, hardware devices, system and application software, and other devices controlled by embedded computer chips could shutdown or provide inaccurate information.

98. Year 2000 Computer Problem Advisory 5597. For Release November 4, 1997. year 2000 computer PROBLEM.The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (Commission) wishes http://www.cftc.gov/opa/press97/opaadv55-97.htm

Advisory: 55-97 For Release: November 4, 1997 YEAR 2000 COMPUTER PROBLEM It bears repeating that a sound Year 2000 preparedness plan should, at a minimum, include the following phases: 1. identification of systems that are Year 2000 vulnerable; 2. update of the systems; 3. extensive testing; and 4. contingency planning in the event of malfunction of any part of the systems. The Commission considers it to be the responsibility of each SRO and Commission registrant to inquire whether each entity on which it relies for any part of its operation, such as a service bureau, is actively involved in bringing its systems into Year 2000 compliance and to conduct testing to ensure that system interdependencies have been adequately addressed. The Commission further: Questions regarding this advisory should be addressed to Harvey Theberge at (202) 418-5200. Updated February 1, 2001

99. Report: Federal Y2K Efforts Slow | CNET News.com As the end of the century nears, government department efforts to fix year 2000 computer problems slowed during the last quarter, according to an Office of Management and Budget report released yesterday. News.com http://www.news.com/News/Item/0,4,22960,00.html?st.ne.fd.mdh

100. Time Bomb 2000: What The Year 2000 Computer Crisis Means To You! Revised And Upd A noted expert in computer software engineering presents the scope of the year2000 computer problem, how it can affect various aspects of daily life, and http://www.weyrich.com/book_reviews/time_bomb_2000.html

Weyrich Computer Consulting Reviews Time Bomb 2000: What the Year 2000 Computer Crisis Means to You! Revised and Updated Edition Abstract: A noted expert in computer software engineering presents the scope of the year 2000 computer problem, how it can affect various aspects of daily life, and constructs planning scenarios. A must-read! Keywords: book review, current_events, year2000, survival, millennium bug, year 2000 date conversion, computer systems, Y2K, software crisis, software maintenance. Title: Time Bomb 2000: What the Year 2000 Computer Crisis Means to You! Revised and Updated Edition Author: Edward Yourdon, Jennifer Yourdon Publisher: Prentice Hall Date Published: November 1998 ISBN: LOCN: Dewey: Pages: Bibliography: Footnotes: 232 entries Figures: Weyrich Computer Consulting Home ... Comments CONTENTS Preface to the Second Edition Preface The authors correctly point out that the track record of the computer industry is not very good at delivering programming projects on time and within budget, and that software maintenance activities have a tendency to unintentionally introduce unanticipated software bugs. Given the fact that the task of finding and addressing all Year-2000 problems involves review and patching of a large portion of all the computer code ever written, the magnitude of this effort is likely to stress the abilities of most organizations. I note that a corollary of this is that we can expect an increase in computer program errors long before January 1, 2000, as programmers rush hastily patched software into production.

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