41. Definition Of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia benign prostatic hyperplasia Synonyms benign prostatic hypertrophy, benign enlargementof the prostate (BEP) Definition (hyeper-PLAY-zha, hye-PUR?truh http://www.phoenix5.org/glossary/benign_prostatic_hyperplasia.html

main menu articles prostate stories ... From Phoenix5's Prostate Cancer Glossary benign prostatic hyperplasia Synonyms: benign prostatic hypertrophy, benign enlargement of the prostate (BEP) Definition: (hye-per-PLAY-zha, hye-PUR·truh·fee) A benign (noncancerous) condition in which an overgrowth of prostate tissue pushes against the urethra (which passes through the prostate) and the bladder , blocking the release of urine With hyperplasia , there is an abnormal increase in the number of the prostate cells. With hypertrophy , it is an increase in the size of the cells. In both BPHs, there may be an above normal PSA reading. make another selection #s A B C ... The Personal Edition Definitions are provided for education only and are not medical advice. Created exclusively for Phoenix5

42. 1Up Health > Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) > Causes, Incidence, And Risk Fa Comprehesive information on benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) (Benignprostatic hypertrophy, BPH, Enlarged prostate, Prostate enlarged). http://www.1uphealth.com/health/benign_prostatic_hyperplasia_bph_info.html

1Up Health Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) Alternative Medicine Clinical Trials ... Health Topics A-Z Search 1Up Health Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) Information Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) Causes, Incidence, and Risk Factors Alternative names : Benign prostatic hypertrophy, BPH, Enlarged prostate, Prostate - enlarged Definition : BPH is a condition where benign (non-cancerous) nodules enlarge the prostate gland (the gland that produces the liquid in which sperm are expelled from the penis). Causes, Incidence, and Risk Factors The actual cause of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is unknown. However, men who have had their testicles removed do not develop BPH and, after castration, BPH has been observed to regress. In other words, the presence of normally functioning testicles appears to be necessary for the development of BPH. Abnormally growing prostate tissue may use male hormones differently than normal prostate tissue. Although this tissue growth is non-cancerous, as the tumor grows larger it can obstruct the urethra and interfere with the normal flow of urine. The incidence of BPH increases with advancing age. BPH is so common that it has been said, "All men will have benign prostatic hyperplasia if they live long enough!" A small amount of BPH is present in 80% of men over 40 years old and over 95% of men 80 years old. No risk factors have been identified other than having normally functioning testicles.

43. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH): Causes, Symptoms And Diagnosis Receive HealthLink via email! Subscribe now . benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) Causes, Symptoms and Diagnosis. The Prostate Gland. http://healthlink.mcw.edu/article/931013387.html

Search Articles: search tips Please Take the HealthLink Survey Email this article Print this article Find related articles: By topic: Men's Health Senior Health By keywords: benign prostatic hyperplasia BPH prostate Receive Health Link via email! Subscribe now >> Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH): Causes, Symptoms and Diagnosis The Prostate Gland The prostate is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system. The gland is made of two lobes, or regions, enclosed by an outer layer of tissue. The prostate is located in front of the rectum and just below the bladder, where urine is stored. The prostate also surrounds the urethra, the canal through which urine passes out of the body. Scientists do not know all the prostate's functions. One of its main roles, though, is to squeeze fluid into the urethra as sperm move through during sexual climax. This fluid, which helps make up semen, energizes the sperm and makes the vaginal canal less acidic. BPH: A Common Part of Aging It is common for the prostate gland to become enlarged as a man ages. Doctors call the condition benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), or benign prostatic hypertrophy.

44. Recovering From Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Surgery Following surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), you'll probably stay inthe hospital from 3 to 10 days depending on the type of surgery you had and http://healthlink.mcw.edu/article/931015199.html

Search Articles: search tips Please Take the HealthLink Survey Email this article Print this article Find related articles: By topic: Men's Health By keywords: Receive Health Link via email! Subscribe now >> Recovering from Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Surgery Following surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), you'll probably stay in the hospital from 3 to 10 days depending on the type of surgery you had and how quickly you recover. At the end of surgery, a special catheter is inserted though the opening of the penis to drain urine from the bladder into a collection bag. Called a Foley catheter, this device has a water-filled balloon on the end that is placed in the bladder, which keeps it in place. This catheter is usually left in place for several days. Sometimes, the catheter causes recurring painful bladder spasms the day after surgery. These may be difficult to control, but they will eventually disappear. You may also be given antibiotics while you are in the hospital. Many doctors start giving this medicine before or soon after surgery to prevent infection. However, some recent studies suggest that antibiotics may not be needed in every case, and your doctor may prefer to wait until an infection is present to give them. After BPH surgery, you will probably notice some blood or clots in your urine as the wound starts to heal. If your bladder is being irrigated (flushed with water), you may notice that your urine becomes red once the irrigation is stopped. Some bleeding is normal, and it should clear up by the time you leave the hospital. During your recovery, it is important to drink a lot of water (up to 8 cups a day) to help flush out the bladder and speed healing.

45. ThirdAge - Adam - Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia benign prostatic hyperplasia. Definition Causes, incidence, and risk factorsThe actual cause of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is unknown. http://www.thirdage.com/health/adam/ency/article/000381.htm

document.write(''); document.write(''); document.write('<'); document.write('/SCRIPT>'); document.write(''); document.write(''); document.write('<'); document.write('/A>'); document.write('<'); document.write('/NOSCRIPT>'); document.write('<'); document.write('/IFRAME>'); Activities Computers Family Tree Health ... Prevention Benign prostatic hyperplasia Definition: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is sometimes referred to as an "enlarged prostate." With BPH, there are benign (non-cancerous) nodules that start growing in the prostate gland. This growth causes the prostate to enlarge. Alternative Names: BPH; Benign prostatic hypertrophy; Enlarged prostate; Prostate - enlarged Causes, incidence, and risk factors: The actual cause of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is unknown. However, it has been noted that men who have had their testicles destroyed or removed do not develop BPH. Furthermore, after castration, BPH has been observed to regress. Since the presence of normally functioning testicles appears to be necessary for the development of BPH, it is thought that the growing tissue uses male hormones differently than normal prostate tissue does. Although this tissue growth is benign , progressive growth of the tumor may cause significant obstruction of the urethra and interfere with the normal flow of urine.

46. What Is BPH (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia)? BPH stands for benign prostatic hyperplasia which means a noncancerous enlargementof the prostate gland. What Is BPH (benign prostatic hyperplasia)? http://www.yourmedicalsource.com/library/prostateenlargement/BPH_whatis.html

Prostate Enlargement (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia) Place mouse pointer over this symbol for definition. What Is BPH (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia)? What Causes The Prostate To Enlarge? What Are The Symptoms? What Diagnostic Tests Are Useful? ... Additional Sources Of Information Other helpful websites: Yahoo! Health WebMD NIH What Is BPH (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia)? BPH stands for benign prostatic hyperplasia which means a noncancerous enlargement of the prostate gland "Benign" refers to the fact that the growth is noncancerous. The term "prostatic" refers to the prostate gland. "Hyperplasia" describes a condition in which the number of cells in an organ increases, leading to an overall increase in size of the prostate. The prostate gland is an acorn-shaped gland located in a man's pelvic region. It lies below the bladder , the sac that stores the urine in the body, and surrounds part of the urethra , the "tube" through which the urine passes from the bladder to the outside world. An enlarged prostate gland is a common condition, affecting the lifestyles and, to some degree, the health of many men over the age of 60. It can play havoc on a man's ability to urinate with ease and, in some cases, can lead to serious medical complications. However, the condition is not cancerous.

47. Postgraduate Medicine: Patient Notes: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Patient Notes benign prostatic hyperplasia. When symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) are not severe, these lifestyle changes might prove helpful. http://www.postgradmed.com/issues/2001/09_01/pn_prostate.htm

Patient Notes Benign prostatic hyperplasia VOL 110 / NO 3 / SEPTEMBER 2001 / POSTGRADUATE MEDICINE The prostate is a walnut-sized gland that is part of the male reproductive system. It is located below the bladder (the organ that stores urine) and surrounds the top portion of the tube that carries urine out of the body (the urethra). The prostate gland makes fluid for semen, which transports sperm during ejaculation. In most men, the prostate gland begins to gradually enlarge after about age 40. The reasons for this are not entirely clear, but hormone changes seem to be a factor. The enlargement is called benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and it affects more than half of men over age 60 and about 80% of those over 80. However, only about half these men have any symptoms. What are the symptoms? As the prostate gland increases in size, it can put pressure on the urethra and slow down or cut off the flow of urine. The most common symptoms of BPH are a weak urine stream, a sense of not being able to empty the bladder completely, and urgency or a nagging need to urinate often. Many men have to get up several times at night to go to the bathroom and then have trouble starting the urine stream. How are prostate problems diagnosed?

48. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Diagnosis And Treatment benign prostatic hyperplasia Diagnosis and Treatment. Bibliography. Benign ProstaticHyperplasia Diagnosis and Treatment (Clinical Practice Guideline). http://www.ahcpr.gov/clinic/medtep/bphguide.htm

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Diagnosis and Treatment. Clinical Practice Guideline. Panel Chair: John D. McConnell, M.D., University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center. Guideline Release Date: February 8, 1994. In 1994, AHCPR released a clinical practice guideline to identify the most effective methods of diagnosing BPH. A multidisciplinary, 13-member private-sector panel based the guideline on syntheses of structured reviews of the literature on BPH. The guideline recommends that patients consult with their doctors and decide on a treatment based on likely treatment outcomes unless there are specific BPH complications (which usually require surgery). BPH Guideline Contents (Spring 1995) Introduction Guideline Recommendations Dissemination Implications ... Contents BPH, a noncancerous enlargement of the prostate gland, occurs as part of the aging process in most men. By age 80, one in four men in the United States will require treatment for the relief of symptoms associated with BPH (most commonly, difficulties with urination). Current treatments include the following: watchful waiting (no active treatment, but periodic examinations to evaluate progression of disease); alpha blockers (drugs that can relax the smooth muscle of the bladder and prostate); finasteride (a drug that can reduce BPH); balloon dilation (a balloon inserted into the urethra is inflated to stretch it so urine flows more easily); and surgery. Prostate surgery includes transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP); transurethral incision of the prostate (TUIP); and open prostatectomy (removal of the benign prostate tumor through an incision).

49. Advanced Search Managing benign prostatic hyperplasia. Medical and surgical options for thetreatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia have expanded in recent years. http://www.aafp.org/afp/20020701/77.html

Advanced Search Managing Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia PAMELA DULL, M.D., ROBERT W. REAGAN, JR., M.D., and ROBERT R. BAHNSON, M.D. Ohio State University College of Medicine and Public Health, Columbus, Ohio A patient information handout on BPH, written by the authors of this article, is provided on page 87. A PDF version of this document is available. Download PDF now (8 pages / 109 KB). More information on using PDF files. B ecause of the aging of the U.S. population in general and the "baby boomers" in particular, the prevalence of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is increasing. Recent studies have shown that more than 80 percent of men older than 80 years have BPH. When symptoms of urinary obstruction interfere with quality of life, treatment is warranted. Medications that can increase obstructive urinary symptoms include tricyclic antidepressants and other anticholinergic agents, diuretics, narcotics, and first-generation antihistamines and decongestants. Diagnosis In 1994, the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR; now the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality)

50. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (benign Enlargement Of The Prostate) benign prostatic hyperplasia (benign enlargement of the prostate). What is benignprostatic hyperplasia? (BPH) The prostate is a gland the size of a chestnut. http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/diseases/facts/prostaticenlargement.htm

The UK's leading independent health website Search NetDoctor NetDoctor.co.uk Home News and features News Newsletter Features Encyclopaedia Diseases Medicines Examinations Health centres Cancer Children's health Depression Erectile dysfunction ... All health centres Discussion and support Discussion forums Support groups Services Ask the doctor Find a hospital NetDoctor on call Search Medline ... Text message services Information About NetDoctor Commercial opportunities NetDoctor.com Benign prostatic hyperplasia (benign enlargement of the prostate) Reviewed by Mr John Macfarlane , consultant urological surgeon What is benign prostatic hyperplasia? (BPH) The prostate is a gland the size of a chestnut. It is only present in men, and it is situated under the bladder surrounding the urethra, the passageway that takes the urine to the outside. The gland produces seminal fluid, which is mixed with sperm to make semen. With age, the gland may begin to grow - this happens to most men. The growth may eventually cause problems with urination, because the gland pinches off the urethra as it increases its size. The growth in itself is harmless and so the condition is called benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). It occurs most often in men over the age of 60. Up to 30 per cent of men in their 70s have BPH that causes them symptoms.

51. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) - Urology - DrRajMD.com Overview of BPH benign prostatic hyperplasia is a condition in whichthe prostate becomes enlarged as part of the aging process. http://www.drrajmd.com/prostate/bph/overview.htm

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Overview What Men Need to Know About ... What are the signs and symptoms of BPH? A hesitant, interrupted or weak urine stream A feeling that the bladder has not emptied completely after urinating The need to push or strain to begin urinating A recurrent, sudden, urgent need to urinate Involuntary leaking or dribbling of urine The need to urinate frequently, particularly at night How is BPH diagnosed? Uroflow Post-void Residual (PVR) Pressure Flow Study ... Sexual Function Overview of BPH Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia is a condition in which the prostate becomes enlarged as part of the aging process. Generally, prostate growth is negligible between puberty and middle age. When a man reaches about 40 years of age, however, hormonal changes may cause the prostate to begin growing again. This noncancerous (benign) growth is called "hyperplasia." Not all men experience this enlargement; in those who do, the condition is not always progressive. Studies have found enlarged prostates in about 40% of men over age 55, rising to 70% in men over 70, and to 80% over age 80 and beyond. When the prostate enlarges, the surrounding tissue prevents it from expanding. This squeezes the gland inward, causing it to pinch the urethra and restrict the flow of urine from the bladder. The more the prostate grows, the more the urethra is constricted and the harder the bladder muscles must squeeze to force urine out. This can cause the muscles of the bladder wall to grow thicker, stronger and more irritable, creating a need to urinate frequently, even when the bladder contains only a small amount of urine.

52. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Back Home Next. benign prostatic hyperplasia benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) An excellent introductory FAQ about BPH. benign prostatic hyperplasia. http://www.ability.org.uk/Prostatic_Hypertrophy.html

Our Aims Services Stats ... Z Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) - An excellent introductory FAQ about BPH Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Diagnosis and Treatment - Technical description of the condition and treatments. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Brady Urological Institute of Johns Hopkins Hospital - Baltimore Hytrin (Terazosin HCL) For hypertension or benign prostatic hyperplasia. Prostate Enlargement: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia An article on all aspects of BPH. Includes excellent glossary. Webmaster . Site Design by Ability "see the ability, not the disability" Acknowledgments

53. Prostatism/Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) Contact HealthNexus.Com. Search Books. Keywords Find it Here. Prostatism - BenignProstatic Hyperplasia - BPH. benign prostatic hyperplasia. http://www.health-nexus.com/prostatism_benign_prostatic_hyperplasia1.htm

Health-Nexus.Net Health-Nexus.Org The #1 Health information site Home ... Prostatism - Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia 11-20 Search Health-Nexus for: Match ALL words Match ANY word Email this page to a friend ! Post a question or comment on our Message Board Home Page Health Specialties Health News ... Alternative Health Options Substance Abuse Animal Health Search: Books Magazines Video Keywords: Find it Here Prostatism - Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia - BPH Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia; Treatment, Prevention, Cure Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Search information from many of the best Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia health sites. Quickly find information: treatments, prevention, support and more. BPHRELIEF.com-BPH-Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia-For men with enlarged prostate For men with enlarged prostate, Targis Therapy offers an effective alternative to surgery and drugs. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Diagnosis and Treatment A description of benign prostatic hypertrophy along with a look at the symptoms, diagnostic tests and treatment options.

54. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) This condition is known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Benign ProstaticHyperplasia. This condition is known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). http://www.hollandandbarrett.com/Concern/Prostate.htm

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Also indexed as: BPH, Enlarged Prostate, Prostatic Hyperplasia The prostate is a small gland that surrounds the neck of the bladder and urethra in men. Its major function is to contribute to seminal fluid. If the prostate enlarges, pressure can be put on the urethra, acting like a partial clamp and causing a variety of urinary symptoms. This condition is known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Half of all 50-year-old men have BPH. A man with BPH has to urinate more often and experiences less force and caliber while urinating, often dribbling. If the prostate enlarges too much, urination is difficult or impossible and the risk of urinary tract infection Conventional treatment options: Drugs are available that can decrease urinary symptoms in about half of people with BPH, although it is not clear whether these drugs slow the progression of the condition. However, one of these drugs ( finasteride erectile dysfunction (impotence) in about 5% of men who take it. Doctors often recommend surgery when symptoms are severe or when there is a high risk of urinary obstruction. Although prostate surgery has a high success rate, it also has a higher rate of complications than drug therapy. Lifestyle changes that may be helpful: More physically active men have a lower frequency of symptoms related to BPH. In a preliminary study, physical activity was associated with a decrease in occurrence of BPH, surgery for BPH, and symptoms of BPH.

55. Vitacost.com - Science & Research - Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia benign prostatic hyperplasia. Further information benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) is the growth of noncancerous tumors in the prostate gland. http://www.vitacost.com/science/concerns/benignprostatic.html

home science /Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia home /Community Your Account View Cart Order History Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Description: A non-cancerous growth within the prostate gland. Cause: Unknown. Useful Supplements: Amino Acids Beta-sitosterol Flaxseed Oil Pollen ... Zinc Useful Herbs: Nettles Pygeum Saw Palmetto Further information: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is the growth of non-cancerous tumors in the prostate gland. While its cause is unknown, BPH appears to be caused in some way by a reaction between the prostate tissue and hormones found in the testicles, as BPH is not seen in eunuchs, and tumors regress if the testicles are removed. There appears to be no way to prevent BPH, other than the removal of the testicles prior to puberty. However, this is not a feasible method of prevention. BPH is often non-symptomatic, especially in its early stages. As the tumors grow, however, symptoms such as difficulty urinating, painful urination, incontinence, and more frequent urination often appear. Dietary changes do not appear to prevent or cure BPH. However, decreasing the amount of liquid ingested in the evening does help decrease the need to wake constantly to urinate during the night.

56. Diseases And Conditions -- Discovery Health -- Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia benign prostatic hyperplasia, or BPH for short, is the enlargement of the prostategland. It is caused by excess growth of cells in the prostate. http://health.discovery.com/diseasesandcond/encyclopedia/2432.html

benign prostatic hyperplasia By Stuart Wolf, MD Images (click to view larger image) Benign prostatic hyperplasia, or BPH for short, is the enlargement of the prostate gland. It is caused by excess growth of cells in the prostate. This condition is not the same as prostate cancer. What is going on in the body? The prostate is a walnut-sized gland that is part of the male reproductive system. This gland surrounds the urethra, the tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body. The job of the prostate is to squeeze fluid into semen to help with fertility. The prostate responds to testosterone, the main male hormone. After puberty, it doubles in size. Around age 25, it grows again and continues to grow slowly throughout a man's life. This enlargement does not usually cause problems until later in life. BPH rarely causes symptoms before age 40. But more than half of men in their 60s and up to 90% in their 70s have some symptoms of BPH. In some men, the enlarged prostate can cause a blockage of the bladder outlet known as prostatism. Although the actual causes are more complex, it is helpful to think of BPH as a blockage of urine flow by an enlarging prostate. What are the signs and symptoms of the condition?

57. Health Ency.: Disease: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia home Disease B benign prostatic hyperplasia. benign prostatic hyperplasiaSee images. The actual cause of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is unknown. http://www.austin360.com/shared/health/adam/ency/article/000381.html

SEARCH: The Web Yellow Pages HOME Illustrated Health Encyclopedia Important notice Ency. home Disease B Benign prostatic hyperplasia See images Overview Symptoms Treatment ... Prevention Alternative names: BPH; Benign prostatic hypertrophy; Enlarged prostate; Prostate - enlarged Definition: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is sometimes referred to as an "enlarged prostate." With BPH, there are benign (non-cancerous) nodules that start growing in the prostate gland. This growth causes the prostate to enlarge. Causes and Risks The actual cause of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is unknown. However, it has been noted that men who have had their testicles destroyed or removed do not develop BPH. Furthermore, after castration, BPH has been observed to regress. Since the presence of normally functioning testicles appears to be necessary for the development of BPH, it is thought that the growing tissue uses male hormones differently than normal prostate tissue does. Although this tissue growth is benign , progressive growth of the tumor may cause significant obstruction of the urethra and interfere with the normal flow of urine. The incidence of BPH increases with advancing age. BPH is so common that it has been said, "All men will have benign prostatic hyperplasia if they live long enough!" A small amount of BPH is present in 80% of men over 40 years old and over 95% of men 80 years old. No risk factors have been identified other than having normally functioning testicles.

58. BPHRELIEF.com-BPH-Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia-For Men With Enlarged Prostate For men with enlarged prostate, Targis Therapy offers an effective alternativeto surgery and drugs. benign prostatic hyperplasia. http://www.bphrelief.com/

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59. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia urinary symptoms. This condition is known as benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH). Salads. benign prostatic hyperplasia. Also indexed http://www.healthwell.com/healthnotes/Concern/BPH.cfm

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60. BestDoctors.com: Condition Summary: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) has been known to most of us by name or effectsince we were young because of the role it has in altering voiding (emptying http://www.bestdoctors.com/en/conditions/b/bph/bph_061801.htm

Site Map Language English Spanish Select A Language Search Condition Summaries John T. Grayhack, M.D. Articles by Dr. Grayhack Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) John T. Grayhack, M.D. Department of Urology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois Introduction Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) has been known to most of us by name or effect since we were young because of the role it has in altering voiding (emptying the bladder) in older men. While we are well aware of its psychological and social impact, most people have a limited understanding of what BPH is, where and why it develops, why it affects urination, whether it produces any significant health risk, what can be done to alter and/or control its effects, and when treatment should be considered. What is the prostate? The prostate is an accessory sex gland of the male, just as the breast is an accessory sex gland of the female. The function of the prostate is to provide a biochemically complex fluid vehicle for the sperm. Neither the prostate nor its secretions are required for fertilization of human ova. Furthermore no important systemic physiologic effects result from removal of the entire prostate. Anatomically the prostate is the "guard at the gate" of the bladder. The gland surrounds the urethra, which transports urine from the bladder to the outside. It is situated between the neck of the bladder proximally and the urogenital diaphragm, containing the external urinary sphincter, distally. Paired ejaculatory ducts formed from a fusion of the vas deferens and the ducts of the seminal vesicle enter the prostate at its base and empty into the urethra near its distal third. The prostate is made up of several different tissues including smooth muscle, fibroblasts and a variety of epithelial cells. A concentration of smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts forms a capsule-like wrapping of the exterior of the prostate. Internally the prostate is divided into several zones that have different risks of developing pathology.

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