81. Physics Central Physics In Action - Superconductivity About superconductivity. The magnets that levitate these trains are an applicationof superconductivity. Metals are good conductors of electric current. http://www.physicscentral.com/action/action-01-3.html

matters of state gravity waves far out planets whole grains ... physics in action archives About Superconductivity How would you like to board a Maglev train and then speed off to your destination at more than 300 miles per hour? The magnets that levitate these trains are an application of superconductivity Metals are good conductors of electric current. That is, they have very low electrical resistance, but this resistance is not zero. A voltage difference is still required to generate the current in the metal, and the metal heats up while the current is flowing. The electrical resistance of an object depends on its temperature and declines slowly as the temperature falls. Early in the last century, however, a Dutch physicist discovered that a sample of mercury, when cooled below a certain temperature close to absolute zero, loses all electrical resistance. When the mercury is in this state, an electric current flows indefinitely, even in the absence of any applied voltage. This effect is called "superconductivity." The table lists the everyday metals that exhibit superconductivity and the temperature below which electrical resistance disappears. These elements require cooling by liquid helium to become superconductors. Such materials are called "low-temperature superconductors." Much later, in the 1980s, physicists discovered ceramic compounds that exhibit superconductivity at temperatures as high as -145º Celsius. This temperature is high enough that the materials need be cooled only with liquid nitrogen, which is far less expensive to do than with liquid helium.

82. Superconductivity superconductivity. Faculty. The goals of our past, present, and futureefforts in superconductivity center on the following aspects http://www.math.iastate.edu/research/super/homepage.html

Superconductivity Faculty Qiang Du Max Gunzburger , Janet Peterson Research supported in part by NSF-DMS9798206 Research supported in part by NSF, AFSOR Description We have achieved significant progress in the modeling, analysis, and computation of superconducting phenomena. Our work has focused on mezoscale models as typified by the celebrated Ginzburg-Landau equations; these models are intermediate between the microscopic models (that can be used to understand the basic structure of superconductors and of the atomic and sub-atomic behavior of these materials) and the macroscale, or homogenized, models (that can be of use for the design of devices). Mezoscale models are of great use in understanding important phenomena in superconductors such as pinning, vortex motion, critical currents, Josephson effects, fluctuations, vortex glass and vortex fluid structures, resistivity, etc. The goals of our past, present, and future efforts in superconductivity center on the following aspects: to develop or refine mezoscale and macroscale models for superconductivity so to enlarge the range of physical problems for which such models are valid; to analyze these models in order to gain further understanding of the properties of these models and of their solutions, and also to determine their validity and usefulness for solving physically interesting problems;

83. Chemistry: WebElements Periodic Table : Periodic Properties : Superconductivity This WebElements periodic table page shows superconductivity temperature for theelements. superconductivity temperature. Print your own periodic table chart. http://www.webelements.com/webelements/properties/text/definitions/supercond-tem

Chemistry: WebElements Periodic Table Professional Edition Definitions : Superconductivity temperature Pro Home Scholar Home Books WebElements CD ... Help Pick element... Discuss chemistry online! Definitions Definition Literature Notes Full table charts Cityscape Cylinders Intensity Balls ... new! Groups charts Group 3 Group 4 Group 5 Group 12 ... Group 13 Periods charts Period 4 (s, p, and d blocks) Period 4 (d block) Period 5 (s, p, and d blocks) Period 5 (d block) ... Period 7 (f block) Blocks charts Block (s and p) Block (d) Block (f) Superconductivity temperature Print your own periodic table chart. use the periodic table icon link in the left menu bar to navigate to any other element select the periodic table logo on the top of the page to restart WebElements Pictorial representations Select from the menu to the left to view pictures illustrating the Superconductivity temperature. Definition A definition will appear here. Units K Notes Other elements become superconducting when deposited as thin films or subjected to high pressures. Literature sources G.W.C. Kaye and T.H. Laby in

84. Superconductivity - What Is Superconductivity? 2nd year chemistry web project a small web site about the phenomenonof superconductivity. What is superconductivity? superconductivity http://www.chemsoc.org/exemplarchem/entries/igrant/whatis_noflash.html

What is Superconductivity? Superconductivity is a phenomenon displayed by some materials when they are cooled below a certain temperature, known as the superconducting critical temperature, T c. Below T c, superconducting materials exhibit two characteristic properties: Zero electrical resistance Perfect diamagnetism (the Meissner effect) Zero electrical resistance means that no energy is lost as heat as the material conducts electricity - this has many applications, which you can read about in the Uses section. The second of these properties, perfect diamagnetism, means that the superconducting material will exclude a magnetic field - this is known as the Meissner effect (after its discoverer), and can be used to display extraordinary physical effects: Left: The Meissner effect is used to levitate a superconductor above a magnet. To re-create this effect yourselves, see Making your own superconductors (Click on the image to see a QuickTime movie of the Meissner effect - Download Apple's QuickTime plugin from www.apple.com/quicktime/download

85. Superconductivity - Home 2nd year chemistry web project a small web site about the phenomenon of superconductivity. An introduction to the phenomenon of superconductivity -. http://www.chemsoc.org/exemplarchem/entries/igrant/main_noflash.html

Welcome to the web site - An introduction to the phenomenon of superconductivity - Navigating the site: The site is divided into sections, each of which can be accessed by the buttons in the top right and at the bottom of each page. The relevant sub-sections for each category are listed below and can be accessed from the submenu for each category - clicking the graphic in the upper left of each page (underneath the title logo) will reveal the floating submenu for that page. Clicking it again hides the menu. Whilst the submenu is visible, you can drag it to wherever you want by simply grabbing it anywhere within the layer that isn't a link and dragging (If you lose it you can get it back by clicking the graphic to hide it and then again to show it, when it will reappear on the right again). The 'next' and 'prev' buttons at the bottom of each page allow you to progress through the site page by page. Site Contents: Home - this page (site contents) What?

86. NREL Basic Sciences-Superconductivity A great deal of current research and development in hightemperature superconductivityfocuses on the development of superconducting wires and other system http://www.nrel.gov/basic_sciences/supercon.html

Because of their tremendous potential as a means of storing, transmitting, and distributing electricity, high-temperature superconducting materials, systems, and components are an important area of research and development in NREL's Center for Basic Sciences. The superconducting systems of the future will allow us to transmit electricity through power lines much more efficiently than we now can. In low-temperature superconducting materials, electric currents encounter almost no resistance. The challenge is to maintain that characteristic without having to keep the systems so cold. Already dramatically used in such applications as high-speed, magnetic-levitated trains, superconductors are being developed in laboratories such as NREL's for use in microelectronics and communications. A great deal of current research and development in high-temperature superconductivity focuses on the development of superconducting wires and other system components. Superconducting wires must be strong and flexible, and they must be capable of carrying a large amount of current a long distance in a magnetic field. One result of NREL's work in superconductivity is a new chemical etch that can be used in producing superconducting microelectronic circuits. We have also developed a new high-temperature superconducting film consisting of a barium-calcium-copper precursor eletrodeposited on a lanthanum-aluminum-oxide base, or substrate, followed by thallination heat treatment. Those who developed this film also achieved a world-record critical current density, which is a measure of how much current a wire can carry divided by its cross-sectional area. The goal in DOE-funded research is a critical current density of 10,000 to 100,000 amperes per square centimeter.

87. Superconductivity Group External Home Page High Temperature superconductivity. ** THIS PAGE LOOKS BEST WHEN VIEWEDFULL SCREEN **. Making superconducting electronics a reality http://www.research.ibm.com/sup/

High Temperature Superconductivity ** THIS PAGE LOOKS BEST WHEN VIEWED FULL SCREEN ** Making superconducting electronics a reality, a group of dedicated people within IBM Research, both at the T. J. Watson Research Center and Zurich Research Laboratory , are aggressively pursuing superconducting science and technology. Come and explore a fantastically cool world with us! HIGHLIGHTS OF OUR RECENT WORK: "IBM Scientists move closer to understanding source of high temperature superconductivty" Scanning SQUID Microscope and the Half-Integer Flux Quantum Effect The scanning SQUID microscope is an extremely sensitive instrument used for imaging magnetic fields at the surfaces. We have used it to image vortices in special geometries of high-Tc superconductors with exactly half of the flux normally seen. WHAT WE ARE DOING: Applications of SQUIDs - Superconducting QUantum Interference Devices (SQUIDs) are the most sensitive detectors of magnetic fields in existence. At IBM we are learning how to use SQUIDs in real world applications. Symmetry of the High-Tc Superconducting Wave Function - Using a Scanning SQUID Microscope we are trying to measure how the electrons in a superconductor arrange themselves.

88. Power Applications Of Superconductivity In Japan And Germany WTEC Panel Report on. Power Applications of superconductivity in Japan and Germany. Internationalsuperconductivity Technology Center (ISTEC); Kobe Steel, Ltd. http://www.wtec.org/loyola/scpa/toc.htm

WTEC Panel Report on Power Applications of Superconductivity in Japan and Germany David Larbalestier , Panel Chair Richard D. Blaugher Robert E. Schwall Robert S. Sokolowski Masaki Suenaga ... Jeffrey O. Willis September 1997 TABLE OF CONTENTS Download: Complete report in PDF format Staff Foreword List of Figures List of Tables Executive Summary 1. Introduction David Larbalestier The Vision of a New 21 st Century Technology: Power Applications of Superconductivity The WTEC Panel ... References 2. Power Systems, Generation, and Storage Richard D. Blaugher Introduction Early High-Field Magnets and Energy Storage Superconducting Electric Power Applications AC Rotating Machine Efforts in Japan ... References Robert S. Sokolowski Introduction Superconducting Power Transmission Cables Overview HTS Power Transmission Cables - Overview HTS Power Transmission Cable Development in Japan ... References 4. Power Systems Other Applications Robert Schwall What are "Other Applications" Flywheels Fault-Current Limiters HTS Leads ... References 5. HTS Conductor Technology Jeffrey O. Willis

89. 2001 GRC On Superconductivity superconductivity Sep 914, 2001 Queen's College Oxford, UK. Discussion leaderPB Littlewood. 1930, G Lonzarich Magnetically mediated superconductivity. http://www.grc.uri.edu/programs/2001/supercon.htm

Superconductivity Sep 9-14, 2001 Queen's College Oxford, UK Co-Chairs Peter Littlewood PETER.LITTLEWOOD@PHY.CAM.AC.UK Victor Emery emery@cmth.phy.bnl.gov Vice-Chair Thomas Timusk TIMUSK@MCMASTER.CA Sunday 9th September Opening Discussion leader: PB Littlewood G Lonzarich : Magnetically mediated superconductivity B.Batlogg : Superconductivity in polyacenes Shimizu, Katsuya : Search for Superconductivity in magnetic elements under high pressure Monday 10th September Cuprates I Discussion leader: G. Blumberg Bourges, P : Antiferromagnetism and superconductivity in high-Tc cuprates Aeppli, G : spin magnetism of the vortex state in the cuprates Van der Marel, D : Pairing-induced color changes in superconductors Johnson, PD : High Resolution Photoemission Studies of Self Energy Effects in High Tc Superconductors Shen, Z-X : Recent data from high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission experiments Orenstein, J .: Quasiparticle dynamics in YBCO crystals as seen by time-resolved optical spectroscopy Cuprates II Discussion leader: L. Taillefer

90. High-Tc Superconductivity Home Page Theoretical research activities on high Tc superconductivity in the italian univerities.List of publications, links, theses and hot topics can be found. http://www.htcs.org/

91. RF Superconductivity 99 Workshop, Santa Fe, NM, USA Welcome to the Website of the 9 th Workshop on RF superconductivity.The 9th Workshop on RF superconductivity brings together over http://lansce.lanl.gov/rfsc99/

Important Dates Program Registration Submission Information ... What is New Welcome to the Website of the 9 th Workshop on RF Superconductivity The 9th Workshop on RF Superconductivity brings together over 200 contributors from dozens of laboratories and industries around the world. The workshop covers the status of, and advances in, RF superconductivity; technical review talks in field emission in niobium cavities, fabrication, cleaning, and surface preparation; RF power delivery; topical reviews related to materials used in superconducting cavity fabrication; and future applications of superconducting technology. The diversity of topics, combined with the unique charm of autumn in Santa Fe at the historic La Fonda hotel, promise to make this an informative, interesting, and enjoyable meeting. For more information see the preamble of the workshop. Web Comments, Questions? Workshop Comments, Questions? LANL Home LANSCE Home Operated by the University of California for the US Department of Energy rfsc99@lanl.gov NOTICE: Information from this server resides on a computer system funded by the U.S. Department of Energy. Anyone using this system consents to monitoring of this use by system or security personnel.

92. Physica C: Superconductivity And Its Applications Similar pages CRPP superconductivity Home PageCRPP superconductivity, Section of the Center for Research in Plasma Physics ofthe Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, participating in EURATOM http://www.elsevier.com/inca/publications/store/5/0/5/7/1/3/

Home Search What's New Electronic Services ... Links Physica C: Superconductivity and its Applications Journal Information Description Audience Abstracting/Indexing Bibliographic and Ordering Information ... Dispatch Dates Authors Author Gateway The fast and efficient new author service for this journal Editors Information and services for Editors Contents Services Tables of Contents and Abstracts ContentsDirect CONTENTS-Alert: Fullerenes CONTENTS-Alert: Crystal Growth ... Free Sample Copy News/Related Websites PACS - Physics and Astronomy Classification Scheme Related Info NORTH-HOLLAND Last update: 17 Mar 2003

93. Nonequilibrium Effects In Driven Superconducting Rings In addition to the more statistical mechanics related questions, nonequilibriumsuperconductivity is of great interest per se (for a details, please see the http://www.lce.hut.fi/~karttune/SC/

Nonequilibrium effects in driven quasi-one-dimensional superconducting rings We study the onset of instability in a thin superconducting ring. A periodic instability appears when the supercurrent is driven by an applied external voltage to the point of instability at temperatures below the critical temperature. The main contribution of this study is to investigate how the new state is selected when the system reaches the point of instability. That is, how the selection process is affected by different factors, such as the rate at which the system is driven. The generation of Ohmic resistance due to the dissipative phase slip state at the point of instability is studied. The problem of state selection at the onset of instability is a generic problem in pattern formation systems. Our results show that the onset of dissipation leads to strong non-linear effects in the state selection process. Mikko Karttunen Ken Elder , Martin Tarlie, and Martin Grant See movies of sliding charge density waves See movies of slow combustion Return to my group's home page This page is intended to give a flavor of some of the interesting problems related to nonequilibrium superconductivity and state selection in driven systems. In this page you'll find MPEG movies demonstrating some of the phenomena discussed in the text, and at the bottom of the page I have listed a couple of references that include in-depth discussions of superconductivity, nonequilibrium effects, and instabilities. For details, results, and references to related studeis, please see our preprint (when it becomes available).

94. EUCAS 2003 Conference office. INFM. 6th European Conference on Applied superconductivity.1418 September 2003. Sorrento Napoli - Italy. With the http://www.eucas2003.it/

Menu Home Welcome Conference info Important Dates ... Links Local Info News Accommodation Conference venue Local area ... Conference office INFM 6th European Conference on Applied Superconductivity 14-18 September 2003 Sorrento Napoli - Italy With the Patronage of Presidente della Repubblica Italiana Regione Campania Societa' Italiana di Fisica Last Update : Mar 14 2003

95. Superconductivity In Plastic Ben Stein superconductivity in Plastic. superconductivity in plastichas been observed by Bertram Batlogg at Bell Labs. Plastic is http://www.aip.org/physnews/update/529-4.html

Subscribe to Physics News Update Archives Related websites Physics News Graphics Physics News Links American Institute of Physics Online Journal Publishing Service ... Back to Physics News Update Number 529 #4, March 8, 2001 by Phil Schewe, James Riordon, and Ben Stein Superconductivity in Plastic Superconductivity in plastic has been observed by Bertram Batlogg at Bell Labs. Plastic is an artificial polymer material usually made conducting by adding impurities. A film made of the polythiophene material used in the experiment consists of long, conjugated molecules (with side groups of atoms residing on alternating sides of a long carbon-based spine and with alternating single and double bonding between carbon atoms) which nicely organize themselves on a substrate. At room temperature the sample is a good conductor, and at temperatures below 2.35 K it actually becomes superconducting. The needed extra encouragement for superconductivity comes in the form of charges injected via overlying electrodes situated in a transistor-like setup. (Schon et al., Nature , 8 March 2001.)

96. The 16th International Symposium On Superconductivity 2003 Days Until ISS 2003. http://www.istec.or.jp/ISS/ISS.html

English Version Japanese Version Days Until ISS 2003

97. Research Understanding hightemperature superconductivity. by Jarrett Cohen, Staff Associate,Director's Office What is the physical origin of their superconductivity? http://archive.ncsa.uiuc.edu/Pubs/access/93.1/93.1Supercond.html

Understanding high-temperature superconductivity by Jarrett Cohen, Staff Associate, Director's Office ``Superconductivity is perhaps the most remarkable physical property in the universe,'' says David Pines, UIUC Center for Advanced Study Professor of physics and electrical and computer engineering, who has been seeking to understand superconductivity for nearly 40 years. Pines' research in physics ranges from microscopic processes to neutron stars. ``What makes superconductors so fascinating is their ability to carry electrical current without resistance and to shield out external magnetic fields,'' he adds. Discovered in 1911, little progress was made in developing a fundamental theory of their behavior until the 1957 publication of the microscopic theory, or BCS theory, by John Bardeen, Leon N. Cooper, and J. Robert Schrieffer, for which they were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1972. The BCS theory describes superconductivity in low-temperature metalssuch as mercury and leadand is based on an attractive interaction between electrons that results from their coupling to phonons. Phonons are quantized modes of atomic vibration that propagate throughout the lattice of a solid. In low-temperature superconductors, quasiparticles (electrons plus their associated screening clouds) disturb the phonons and create a force that overcomes the electrons' repulsive charges. The electrons then form a quantum state made up of Cooper pairs, which cannot scatter off the phonons, thereby eliminating resistance.

98. Superconductivity And Modern Alchemy: Has The Philosopher's Stone Been Found? By superconductivity and Modern Alchemy. Has the Philosopher's Stone BeenFound? Table of Contents. Transcript of a February 1995 introductory http://monatomic.earth.com/david-hudson/1995-02-dallas-toc.html

Superconductivity and Modern Alchemy Has the Philosopher's Stone Been Found? Table of Contents Transcript of a February 1995 introductory lecture and workshop by David Hudson in Dallas Texas. Transcribed from the video tapes which were recorded by The Eclectic Viewpoint on February 10 and 11, 1995. The video tapes are available from: The Eclectic Viewpoint P.O. Box 802735 Dallas, Texas 75380 Contact hot line (214) 601-7687 The video tapes have readable pictures of all of the documents that Hudson references. The serious student of these subjects will find these tapes are worth obtaining. The package of three video tapes costs $69.95 plus $5.00 for shipping and handling. Items in [parentheses] were added by the editor of this transcript. Note: This has been further edited and broken into smaller chunks for the web, the names of each chunk are somewhat arbitrary but they are presented in order. The editorial notes mentioned above were added by the previous editor. Table of Contents Discovery White Power Gold Questions and Answers Workshop, Part I ... monatomic.earth.com production. Please direct questions or feedback to

99. Superconductivity And Magnetism At Argonne National Laboratory superconductivity and Magnetism Group makes indepth experimental and theoreticalinvestigations of specific compounds and general issues important for http://www.msd.anl.gov/groups/sm/

S uperconductivity and Magnetism Group makes in-depth experimental and theoretical investigations of specific compounds and general issues important for applications and fundamental physics of novel materials. We maintain leading programs in both experiment and theory, with each deriving strong benefit through close mutual cooperation. We have extensive materials characterization facilities including sophisticated probes of the equilibrium and dynamic behavior of materials based on state-of-the-art magneto-transport, magnetization, and magnetic imaging apparatus. These pages are covered by Argonne National Laboratory's standard and security notice If you experience problems with these pages, contact the MSD Webmaster Send Comments to George Crabtree LAST REVISED ON NOVEMBER 23, 2000

100. Insitute Of Cryogenics-superconductivity superconductivity. Email ICEC17 at icec17@soton.ac.uk. The superconductivitygroup is interested in many aspects of high Tc materials and applications. http://www.soton.ac.uk/~crenergy/superconductivity/supercon.html

Superconductivity Southampton University is amongst the world leaders in the development of High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) materials. Beside the Physics Department, and the Chemistry Department, the Applied superconductivity Group at the Institute of Cryogenic (IOC) has been active since 1987, one year after the discovery of HTS. The interest of the group is in power applications and within this context the main effort is focused on the optimization and characterization of 123 bulk materials and Bi-based superconducting tapes The development of the group was supported by grants from EPSRC DTI , and NGC and at present IOC has the largest academic group working on Bi-based superconducting tapes , and ac losses . CASE studentships are supported by Merck, Oxford instruments, and EA Technology to study precursors optimization, critical current homogeneity and cryogenic stabilisation in pancake coils (transformer coils) made with HTS tapes. Also the IOC was part of the Rolling Grant. The expertise of the IOC in the design and construction of cryogenic systems, heat transfer to cryogen and HTS materials ensures the maxiamum efficiency in the development of the new HTS technology. We therefore claim that Southampton is very well positioned to continue being a UK centre for research into development and applications of HTS superconductors.

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