Arlene2 If the liver function becomes impaired the resulting toxic effect on the brainproduces the encephalopathy. Compare portal systemic encephalopathy. http://www.webspawner.com/users/arlene2/
Extractions: The liver metabolizes and detoxifies digestive products brought from the intestine by the portal vein. If the liver function becomes impaired the resulting toxic effect on the brain produces the encephalopathy. Compare portal systemic encephalopathy. http://www.merck.com/pubs/mmanual/section4/chapter38/38f.htm People who contract hepatitis typically develop flu-like symptoms within 10-40 days of exposure (the acute stage). They experience low grade fever, muscle aches, joint pain, headaches, malaise, anorexia, fatigue and abdominal pain. It is not uncommon for post-surgical patients to become infected. Compare liver cirrhosis. See signs and symptoms of hepatic dysfunction. http://www.hepnet.com/liver/disease.html Similarly, cancer treatments such as antineoplastic drugs or radiation therapy can also cause liver damage with mixed forms of hepatic dysfunction. In fact, flu-like and GI illness are common but unpleasant side effects of radiation therapy. http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic1184.htm
HOW ARE PORTAL HYPERTENSION AND VARICEAL BLEEDING MANAGED IN CIRRHOSIS? There are two types of surgical shunts A portal shunt, or portal systemic shunt Itposes a high risk for encephalopathy and does not appear to improve survival http://www.ucdmc.ucdavis.edu/ucdhs/health/a-z/75Cirrhosis/doc75portalhyper.html
Extractions: Ongoing research is being conducted to determine if agents or procedures can prevent a first bleeding episode. Drugs known as beta-blockers are the only therapies to date that may have some preventive effects. Candidates for these agents are patients who have large varices (twisted blood vessels) or other risk factors for bleeding. Beta-blockers, typically propranolol (Inderal) or nadolol (Corgard), reduce the heart rate and can lower portal vein pressure and reduce variceal bleeding. Carvedilol (Coreg), a newer agent may be even more effective, but more research is needed. Beta-blockers are also used as a primary approach for prevention of recurring bleeding. It is not yet clear if these drugs are more effective against bleeding than procedures, such as sclerotherapy, but they are inexpensive and safe. They also appear to be more effective than procedures for preventing abdominal infection. Patients with diabetes type 1, asthma, emphysema, and chronic bronchitis should avoid them whenever possible. Isosorbide mononitrate has been given as the alternative agent for patients who cannot tolerate beta-blockers. Studies have failed to show any survival advantage with this agent when used alone, however. Studies on combinations of isosorbide mononitrate with beta-blockers suggest that they prevent rebleeding more effectively than beta-blockers alone, but it is not clear if combination improves any other aspects of the disease.
Extractions: CLICK HERE Settlement class members should note that the following medical terms necessarily involve technical words. You should consult your doctor about these medical conditions. (A) Ascites. Ascites is an abdominal fluid collection within the peritoneal cavity. Proof of this condition shall require all of the following: an abdominal ultrasound or computerized tomography ("CT") scan of the abdomen to confirm that ascitic fluid is present; RESULT Cytology Negative for malignancy Polymorphonuclear (PMN) cell count Serum-ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) (defined as ascites albumin subtracted from serum albumin) Protein Bacterial culture at bedside in blood culture bottles, aerobic and anaerobic No growth Mycobacterial culture No growth Amylase Ascites amylase less than serum amylase The following conditions are possible "Alternative Causes" of Ascites in a patient with or without HCV: malignancy, primary or metastatic; protein-losing enteropathy; heart failure; ruptured viscus; tuberculosis; dengue, cholera or schistosomiasis; pancreatitis; kidney failure; chlamydia infection; fungal or parasitic infection in the peritoneum; peritonitis (other than spontaneous bacterial peritonitis); Budd Chiari syndrome; portal vein thrombosis or occlusion (intra or extra luminal); use of amiodarone; exposure to or ingestion of hepatotoxin; or consumption of significant amounts of alcohol (consumption of enough alcohol for a sufficient period of time to produce, either separately or in a synergistic fashion with HCV, the progression of liver damage).
E-Doc: Importal Sachets levels. Portal systemic encephalopathy Adapt the dosage accordingto the severity of the condition and the patients response. As http://www.edoc.co.za/medilink/products/1151.html
Extractions: Please consult the pages with the Information for the Actives for more notes. Constipation: Adults: (1 level 5ml medicine measure = 2g importal powder) Should be given in a single daily dose morning or evening, at a meal time, preferably mixed with food or drink. The laxative effect may occur within a few hours, but in some cases the first laxative response occurs only on the 2nd or 3rd day of treatment. Adjust dose to obtain 1 daily bowel movement. The initial daily dose should be 20g (2 10g sachets or 10 medicine measures) taken as a single dose at breakfast or dinnertime.
Pharmacology Laxatives may aid in the treatment of portal systemic encephalopathy by 1. increasingstool pH 2. increasing coliform bacteria 3. decreasing protein contact http://research.med.umkc.edu/pharm/tests/GI.html
Questions & Answers - Constipation Portal systemic encephalopathy, hepatic coma or precoma associated with hyperammonaemia.Dosage Usual starting doses, Maintenance. Adults 30ml, 15 30 ml. http://www.ciplamedpro.co.za/qa_constipation.asp
Extractions: Stimulant laxatives, (Soflax®) also known as contact laxatives, encourage bowel movements by acting on the intestinal wall. They increase the muscle contractions (peristalsis) that move along the stool mass and promote accumulation of water and electrolytes in the colonic lumen, resulting in a comfortable bowel movement within 6 - 12 hours. Stimulant laxatives are popular for self-treatment, i.e. for the patient looking for a rapid evacuation - fast relief.
Portal Hypertension Selective shunts may be associated with a lower incidence of portal systemic encephalopathy(PSE), a confusional state commonly found in patients with http://surgery.4t.com/52.5.htm
Extractions: Portal hypertension An elevation in portal pressure is most commonly found accompanying liver cirrhosis, although it may be present in patients with extra hepatic portal vein occlusion, intrahepatic veno-occlusive disease or occlusion of the main hepatic veins [BuddChiari syndrome (BCS)]. As portal hypertension produces no symptoms it is usually diagnosed following presentation with decompensated chronic liver disease and encephalopathy, ascites or variceal bleeding. Management of bleeding varices General resuscitation Varices usually present with the acute onset of a large volume haematemesis, the lower oesophagus being the most common site for variceal bleeding. The diagnosis may be suspected if the patient is known to have liver cirrhosis but needs to be confirmed following initial resuscitation of the patient. This involves obtaining peripheral and subsequently central venous access whilst adequate blood is obtained (initially 10 units). Liver function tests will reveal underlying liver disease and a coagulation profile will reveal any underlying coagulopathy. Vitamin K is administered (10 mg intravenously), but correction of a coagulopathy will require the administration of fresh frozen plasma. An associated thrombocytopenia is usually secondary to hypersplenism due to cirrhosis and is treated if the platelet count falls below 50x10 /litre. Variceal bleeding is often associated with hepatic encephalopathy, and endoscopic evaluation under these circumstances may require sedation and mechanical ventilation. Bronchial aspiration is a frequent complication of variceal bleeding.
British Liver Trust TIPSS stands for Transjugular Intrahepatic Portal Systemic Shunt. One of these complicationsis encephalopathy whereby the person may get a little bit drowsy http://www.britishlivertrust.org.uk/content/diseases/portal_hypotension.asp
Extractions: Portal hypertension and bleeding of oesophageal varices One consequence of chronic liver disease can be portal hypertension. This is an increase in the blood pressure in the portal vein, which carries the blood from the bowel and spleen to the liver. The pressure in the portal vein may rise because there is a blockage, such as a blood clot, or because the resistance in the liver is increased because of scarring, or cirrhosis. As a result, the pressure in the portal vein rises this is known as portal hypertension. As the blood tries to find another way back to the heart, new blood vessels open up. Among these vessels are those that run along the wall under the lining of the upper part of the stomach and the lower end of the oesophagus (gullet). These veins protrude into the gullet and the stomach and can bleed. This bleeding may be a gentle ooze in which case anaemia is the commonest symptom. Sometimes there can be a major bleed and the person has a haemorrhage and either vomits blood or passes blood through the bowels. This blood may appear to be black, since it is often changed as it passes through the body. There are many causes of cirrhosis, alcohol being the most common. Others include viral hepatitis, autoimmune liver disease, primary biliary cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis and some metabolic diseases. Please see our other leaflets on these specific conditions.
Volume 4 Number 1 Winter 98 procedure itself. The most common complication related to portalsystemicshunting is new or worsened hepatic encephalopathy. This can http://www.rad.uab.edu/Visions/Winter98/Winter98.htm
Extractions: UAB Radiology on the Web T Personnel within the radiology department have been taking advantage of the radiology intranet web server for the past year. Recently presented at the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) annual meeting, this web server provides an up-to-date database with attending daily work schedules, faculty call schedules and resident rotation schedules. There is also a complete database of all radiology personnel (over 300 people), including beeper and phone numbers, a pictorial directory of the radiology residents and fellows, an events calendar, informational postings such as faculty meeting minutes, and a software distribution section with software updates and utilities. Maintained by Dr. Steve Willing, this page is currently available at http://vulcan.rad.uab.edu In contrast, the radiology department "home page" at http://www.rad.uab.edu is primarily aimed at users outside the department such as referring physicians and resident, fellow or faculty applicants. It provides general information about the radiology department and its training programs, as well as a web version of this newsletter and a pictorial faculty directory. There are links to other UAB sites and other radiology sites, as well as to our web based radiology teaching file.
Product Abstract: Ornithine Mental state gradation, portal systemic encephalopathy index (PSEI), and fastingammonia levels were estimated as additional efficacy parameters. http://www.lef.org/prod_hp/abstracts/php-ab061.html
Extractions: Free Product Directory Click for a FREE copy of our Product Directory LEF Membership What is LEF? Benefits Become a Member Renewals ... Become a Subscriber Our call center has now expanded its hours Monday thru Friday: 8:30am to 12:00am EST 5:30am to 9:00pm PST Saturday hours are: 9:00am to 8:00pm EST 6:00am to 5:00pm PST Sunday hours are: 11:00am to 7:00pm EST 8:00am to 4:00pm PST If you'd like to order by phone or speak to a live person for help, just call toll free: Customer Service Info Privacy Policy We subscribe to the HONcode principles. Verify here LEF Shop Membership Browse ... Order History Ornithine alpha-ketoglutarate in nutritional support Therapeutic efficacy of L-ornithine-L-aspartate infusions in patients with cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy: Results of a placebo-controlled, double-blind study
IM Abstract 40-8 Original 1 Therapeutic Effect of Balloonoccluded Retrograde Transvenous Obliteration on Portal-systemicEncephalopathy in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis Tomohiro Kato http://www.naika.or.jp/im/im40/ab40-8/o400801.html
Extractions: From the First Department of Internal Medicine, Gifu University School of Medicine, Gifu and *the Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu Objective Balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (B-RTO) has recently been introduced as a new interventional modality to prevent fatal bleeding from solitary gastric varices. A large portal-systemic shunt including gastric varices also causes severe encephalopathy in some cirrhotic patients. In this study, we evaluated the effect of B-RTO as a candidate therapeutic method to treat chronic recurrent hepatic encephalopathy due mainly to a portal-systemic shunt. Results In all 6 patients, encephalopathy had disappeared after B-RTO, and the patients were free of encephalopathy during the following 6 months. B-RTO significantly reduced blood ammonia levels at one month, 3 months, and 6 months later, without affecting serum aspartate aminotransferase activity, total bilirubin and albumin concentrations, and plasma prothrombin time. Encephalopathy relapsed in 4 patients between 6 and 30 months. Additional B-RTO was required and effective in 2 of them.
Meat Eating Dig Dis Sci 1982 Dec;27(12)110916 Treatment of chronic portalsystemic encephalopathywith vegetable and animal protein diets. A controlled crossover study. http://www.ecologos.org/meat.htm
Extractions: Bianchi GP, Marchesini G, Fabbri A, Rondelli A, Bugianesi E, Zoli M, Pisi E. Institute of General Clinical Medicine, University of Bologna, Italy. In a randomized cross-over comparison, the effects of a mainly vegetable protein diet were compared with an animal protein diet in eight patients with cirrhosis and chronic permanent encephalopathy, under optimum lactulose therapy. After a run-in period, patients were fed two equi-caloric, equi-nitrogenous diets for 7 days (71 g total proteins), containing either 50 g protein of animal origin or 50 g vegetable proteins. In the last 3 days of each period, nitrogen balance was significantly better during the vegetable protein diet (+0.2 (SD 1.4) g vs. -1.7 (2.4); P
CONTENS PN.POPOV, SA.AZEVICH, SM.SCHEMILCHANOVA. PORTAL SYSTEMIC ENCEPHALOPATHYAND DIURETIC THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH ALCOHOLIC LIVER CIRRHOSIS. http://www.med.pfu.edu.ru/_new/english/win/library/vestnik/v991e/00.htm
Bit - Enero 1994 (Vol. 2 Num. 1) Translate this page Lactitol, a second generation disaccharide for treatment of chromic portal-systemicencephalopathy a double-blind, crossover, randomized clinical trial. http://www.cfnavarra.es/WebGN/SOU/publicac/bj/biblio/v2n1b.htm
Extractions: Protocolo de tratamiento del ulcus gastroduodenal 1.- Mones J. Omeprazol. Boletin Informativo del Servicio de Farmacia . Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau. Barcelona Junio 1991. 4.- Colley S. Modern management of peptic ulcer. Practitioner 1992; 236:956-61. 7.- Hentschel E, Brandstatter G, Dragaosics B. Effect of ranitidine and amoxillin plus metronidazol in the erradication of Helicobacter Pylori and the recurrence of duodenal ulcer. N Engl J Med 1993; 328:308-12. 8.- Houston CJ, Mills JG, Wood JR. Does presciption of sucralfato of gastric ulcus?. Am J Gastroenterol 1993;88:675-9. Terbinafina 5.- Balfour JA, Faulds D. Terbinafina:A Review Drugs 1992; 43 (2): 260-284. Lactitol 1.- Camma C, Fiorello F, Tine F, Marchesini G, Fabbri A, Pagliaro L. Lactitol in Treatment of Chronic Hepatic Encephalopathy. A Meta-Analisis. Dig Dis Sci 1993; 38, 916-22. 2.- Lactitol. P.A.M. 1993; 17: 279-86. 3.- Riggio O, Balducci G, Ariarto F, Merli M, et al. Lactitol in prevention of recurrent episodes of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients with portal-systemic shunt. Dig Dis Sci 1989; 34: 823-29. 5.- Anonymous. Lactitol. (Editorial) Lancet 1987; 2: 81-83.
Extractions: et al. medical/hormonal Transgender Care Health Information Archive Click item to view: Br. Imp. Complications Breast Implant Types Drug Reference Electrol. After-effects Electrolysis Glossary Electrolysis Guide Electrolysis-Overview Electrolysis Pain Feature on Clinics Genitals-Diagrams GRS Illustrations Hair Removal Meth. Hair System Medical Glossary Phys. Credentials Splendor of Gender Transgender Journey What is Gender Search TransGenderCare Our Web Site: TransGenderCare Our Staff Our History Contact TransGenderCare ... Generic Drug Reference GENERIC DRUG REFERENCE MEDICAL Choose the first letter of the drug/drug type you wish to look up. Next, choose the drug name from the listing shown. Brand names are not contained within the listing. Use the search tool, left, to locate an associated brand name with the generic drug product. UP L Lactulose, Oral
